Public Inquiry

Grenfell Tower Inquiry

Status: Completed Chair: Sir Martin Moore-Bick Established: Aug 2017 Report: Sep 2024 Commissioned by: Cabinet Office

Public inquiry into the fire at Grenfell Tower on 14 June 2017, which killed 72 people. The inquiry examined the circumstances leading up to and surrounding the fire.

Response breakdown

104 recommendations total

85%

15%

88 (85%) — Accepted

16 (15%) — Accepted in Part

Evidence & impact

AI-generated · 26 Mar 2026

The Grenfell Tower Inquiry was established following the fire on 14 June 2017 that resulted in 72 deaths. The inquiry, chaired by Sir Martin Moore-Bick, published its Phase 1 report in October 2019 focusing on the events of the night, and its Phase 2 report in September 2024 examining the causes of the fire.

The inquiry's Phase 1 recommendations led to documented changes in fire service operations. London Fire Brigade revised its policies for handling fire survival guidance calls and introduced new training on external wall fires. The National Fire Chiefs Council published guidance addressing evacuation strategies and external wall fire risks. Several fire services introduced electronic systems for recording emergency calls.

Two significant pieces of legislation followed the inquiry's work. The Fire Safety Act 2021 clarified that the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005 applies to external walls and flat entrance doors. The Building Safety Act 2022 established the Building Safety Regulator and introduced new requirements for high-rise residential buildings, including the appointment of accountable persons and the maintenance of building safety information.

The inquiry's 104 recommendations span operational procedures, training requirements, regulatory reform, and building safety management. While legislative changes and operational reforms are documented in the public record, evidence of action on several specific recommendations, particularly those requiring inter-service coordination or standardised information systems, has not been identified in publicly available sources.

Reports & milestones

Reports

30 Oct 2019 46 tracked recs Grenfell Tower Inquiry: Phase 1 Report · Tracked recommendations · PDF

04 Sep 2024 58 tracked recs Grenfell Tower Inquiry: Phase 2 Report · Tracked recommendations · PDF

Timeline

14 Jun 2017 Grenfell Tower Fi… Fire at Grenfell Tower in North Kensington killed 72 people.

15 Jun 2017 Inquiry Announced Prime Minister Theresa May announced a public inquiry.

29 Jun 2017 Chair Appointed Sir Martin Moore-Bick appointed as Chair.

15 Aug 2017 Terms of Referenc… Terms of Reference published. · Source

14 Sep 2017 Procedural Hearing First procedural hearing held.

21 May 2018 Phase 1 Hearings … Phase 1 hearings commenced, examining events of the night of the fire.

30 Oct 2019 Phase 1 Report Pu… Phase 1 report published with findings on the night of the fire. · Source

27 Jan 2020 Phase 2 Hearings … Phase 2 hearings commenced, examining causes of the fire.

Recommendations

104 shown

Code	Recommendation	Addressed to	Response
P1-1	Require external wall information for fire services The owner and manager of every high-rise residential building be required by law to provide their local fire and rescue service with …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-2	Train fire personnel on external wall fire risks All fire and rescue services ensure that their personnel at all levels understand the risk of fire taking hold in the external …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-3	LFB to review PN633 Appendix 1 The LFB review, and revise as appropriate, Appendix 1 to PN633 to ensure that it fully reflects the principles in GRA 3.2.	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-4	Train LFB officers on high-rise inspections The LFB ensure that all officers of the rank of Crew Manager and above are trained in carrying out the requirements of …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-5	Require building floor plans for fire services The owner and manager of every high-rise residential building be required by law to provide their local fire and rescue services with …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-6	Require premises information boxes The owner and manager of every high-rise residential building be required by law to ensure that the building contains a premises information …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-7	Equip fire services to receive electronic plans All fire and rescue services be equipped to receive and store electronic plans and to make them available to incident commanders and …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-8	Require monthly firefighter lift inspections The owner and manager of every high-rise residential building be required by law to carry out regular inspections of any lifts that …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-9	Require monthly lift control mechanism tests The owner and manager of every high-rise residential building be required by law to carry out regular tests of the mechanism which …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-10	LFB review control room communications policy The London Fire Brigade review its policies on communications between the control room and the incident commander.	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-11	Train incident commanders on control room communications All officers who may be expected to act as incident commanders (i.e. all those above the rank of Crew Manager) receive training …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-12	Train control room operators on incident commander communications All control room operators of Assistant Operations Manager rank and above receive training directed to the specific requirements of communication with the …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-13	Dedicated control room to incident commander link A dedicated communication link be provided between the senior officer in the control room and the incident commander.	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-14	Distinguish between advice and rescue callers The LFB's policies be amended to draw a clearer distinction between callers seeking advice and callers who believe they are trapped and …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-15	Regular refresher training for control room operators The LFB provide regular and more effective refresher training to control room operators at all levels, including supervisors.	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-16	Develop policies for handling multiple FSG calls All fire and rescue services develop policies for handling a large number of Fire Survival Guidance (FSG) calls simultaneously.	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-17	Electronic FSG recording and display systems Electronic systems be developed to record FSG information in the control room and display it simultaneously at the bridgehead and in any …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-18	Develop stay put to evacuation transition policies Policies be developed for managing a transition from 'stay put' to 'get out'.	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-19	Train control room staff on evacuation advice changes Control room staff receive training directed specifically to handling such a change of advice and conveying it effectively to callers.	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-20	Investigate inter-control room information sharing Steps be taken to investigate methods by which assisting control rooms can obtain access to the information available to the host control …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-21	LAS and MPS review FSG call protocols The London Ambulance Service and Metropolitan Police Service review their protocols and policies to ensure that their operators can identify FSG calls …	LAS	Accepted	View →
P1-22	LFB improve deployment control policies The LFB develop policies and training to ensure better control of deployments and the use of resources.	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-23	Improve crew debrief information systems The LFB develop policies and training to ensure that better information is obtained from crews returning from deployments and that the information …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-24	Direct control room to incident commander communications The LFB develop a communication system to enable direct communication between the control room and the incident commander and improve the means …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-25	Investigate modern control room to bridgehead communications The LFB investigate the use of modern communication techniques to provide a direct line of communication between the control room and the …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-26	Equipment for BA communication in high-rise buildings The LFB urgently take steps to obtain equipment that enables firefighters wearing helmets and breathing apparatus to communicate with the bridgehead effectively, …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-27	Command support system operational on all units Urgent steps be taken to ensure that the command support system is fully operative on all command units and that crews are …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-28	National guidelines for high-rise evacuations The government develop national guidelines for carrying out partial or total evacuations of high-rise residential buildings, such guidelines to include the means …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-29	Fire services develop evacuation policies and training Fire and rescue services develop policies for partial and total evacuation of high-rise residential buildings and training to support them.	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-30	Require evacuation plans for high-rise buildings The owner and manager of every high-rise residential building be required by law to draw up and keep under regular review evacuation …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P1-31	Require evacuation alarm systems in high-rise buildings All high-rise residential buildings (both those already in existence and those built in the future) be equipped with facilities for use by …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P1-32	Require personal emergency evacuation plans (PEEPs) The owner and manager of every high-rise residential building be required by law to prepare personal emergency evacuation plans (PEEPs) for all …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P1-33	Require PEEP information in premises information box The owner and manager of every high-rise residential building be required by law to include up-to-date information about persons with reduced mobility …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P1-34	Equip fire services with smoke hoods All fire and rescue services be equipped with smoke hoods to assist in the evacuation of occupants through smoke-filled exit routes.	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P1-35	Require clear floor number markings in high-rise buildings In all high-rise buildings floor numbers be clearly marked on each landing within the stairways and in a prominent place in all …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-36	Require understandable fire safety instructions The owner and manager of every residential building containing separate dwellings (whether or not it is a high-rise building) be required by …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-37	Urgent fire door inspections required The owner and manager of every residential building containing separate dwellings (whether or not they are high-rise buildings) carry out an urgent …	Building Owners	Accepted	View →
P1-38	Require quarterly fire door checks The owner and manager of every residential building containing separate dwellings (whether or not they are high-rise buildings) be required by law …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P1-39	Require compliant flat entrance doors where unsafe cladding exists All those who have responsibility in whatever capacity for the condition of the entrance doors to individual flats in high-rise residential buildings, …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P1-40	Communicate Major Incident declarations to all responders Each emergency service must communicate the declaration of a Major Incident to all other Category 1 Responders as soon as possible.	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-41	Establish inter-service control room communications On the declaration of a Major Incident clear lines of communication must be established as soon as possible between the control rooms …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-42	Designate single point of contact in control rooms A single point of contact should be designated within each control room to facilitate such communication.	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-43	Use METHANE messages for Major Incidents A 'METHANE' (Major incident declared, Exact location, Type of incident, Hazards, Access, Number and type of casualties, Emergency services present and required) …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P1-44	Investigate LFB-MPS-LAS system compatibility Steps be taken to investigate the compatibility of the LFB systems with those of the MPS and the LAS with a view …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P1-45	NPAS helicopter datalink encryption standards Steps be taken to ensure that the airborne datalink system on every NPAS helicopter observing an incident which involves one of the …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P1-46	Improve survivor information collection and sharing The LFB, the MPS, the LAS and the London local authorities all investigate ways of improving the collection of information about survivors …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P2-1	Establish single construction industry regulator That the government draw together under a single regulator all the functions relating to the construction industry to which we have referred. …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-2	Review Building Safety Act higher-risk building definition That the definition of a higher-risk building for the purposes of the Building Safety Act be reviewed urgently. (113.7)	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-3	Consolidate fire safety functions under single department That the government bring responsibility for the functions relating to fire safety currently exercised by MHCLG, the Home Office and the Department …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-4	Appoint Chief Construction Adviser That the Secretary of State appoint a Chief Construction Adviser with a sufficient budget and staff to provide advice on all matters …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-5	Review statutory guidance and Approved Document B That the statutory guidance generally, and Approved Document B in particular, be reviewed accordingly and a revised version published as soon as …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-6	Add legal requirements warning to statutory guidance That a revised version of the guidance contain a clear warning in each section that the legal requirements are contained in the …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-7	Reconsider compartmentation in Approved Document B New materials and methods of construction and the practice of overcladding existing buildings make the existence of effective compartmentation a questionable assumption …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-8	Require fire engineer calculations for fire spread and evacuation Calculating the likely rate of fire spread and the time required for evacuation, including the evacuation of those with physical or mental …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-9	Include academics on statutory guidance advisory bodies That, as far as possible, membership of bodies advising on changes to the statutory guidance should include representatives of the academic community …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-10	Require fire safety strategy from registered fire engineer at Gateway 2 That it be made a statutory requirement that a fire safety strategy produced by a registered fire engineer to be submitted with …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-11	Develop new test methods for evacuation strategy assessments Assessing whether an external wall system can support a particular evacuation strategy is difficult because the necessary information is not always available. …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-12	Clarify BS 9414 limitations requiring fire engineer assessment BS 9414 should be approached with caution and we recommend that the government make it clear that it should not be used …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-13	Make construction regulator responsible for product conformity certificates That the construction regulator should be responsible for assessing the conformity of construction products with the requirements of legislation, statutory guidance and …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-14	Require test results disclosure and transparency for construction products a) that copies of all test results supporting any certificate issued by the construction regulator be included in the certificate; b) that …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-15	Establish legal recognition and regulation of fire engineer profession That the profession of fire engineer be recognised and protected by law and that an independent body be established to regulate the …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-16	Increase Masters-level fire engineering course places That the government take urgent steps to increase the number of places on high-quality masters level courses in fire engineering accredited by …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-17	Define competent fire engineer knowledge and skills That the government convene a group of practitioner and academic fire engineers and such other professionals as it thinks fit to produce …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-18	Develop fire engineering courses for construction professionals That the government, working in collaboration with industry and professional bodies, encourage the development of courses in the principles of fire engineering …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-19	Review architect education and training for fire safety We recognise that both the Architects Registration Board (ARB) and the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) have taken steps since the …	ARB/RIBA	Accepted	View →
P2-20	Require principal designer compliance statement at Gateway 2 That it be made a statutory requirement that an application for building control approval in relation to the construction or refurbishment of …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-21	Introduce licensing scheme for principal contractors That a licensing scheme operated by the construction regulator be introduced for principal contractors wishing to undertake the construction or refurbishment of …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-22	Independent panel review of building control commercial interests That the government appoint an independent panel to consider whether it is in the public interest for building control functions to be …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-23	Consider national building control authority We recommend that the same panel consider whether all building control functions should be performed by a national authority. (113.38)	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-24	Create cladding materials library for designers We have referred to the Cladding Materials Library set up by the University of Queensland, which could form the basis of a …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-25	Maintain public record of inquiry recommendations That it be made a legal requirement for the government to maintain a publicly accessible record of recommendations made by select committees, …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-26	Establish mandatory fire risk assessor accreditation That the government establish a system of mandatory accreditation to certify the competence of fire risk assessors by setting standards for qualification …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-27	Standardise fire control switches and keys We are not in a position to determine whether greater standardisation of the fire control switches and keys is required. We therefore …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-28	Require gas valve accessibility inspections every three years That every gas transporter be required by law to check the accessibility of each [pipeline isolation] valve on its system at least …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-29	Establish independent College of Fire and Rescue That the government establish [an independent College of Fire and Rescue] immediately with sufficient resources to provide the following services nationally: a) …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-30	College to have permanent staff and training facilities That [the college] should have a permanent staff of sufficient size to manage its operations and develop its functions in response to …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-31	Inspect London Fire Brigade control room operations That His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire and Rescue Services (the Inspectorate) inspect the London Fire Brigade as soon as reasonably …	HM Inspectorate of Constabulary and F…	Accepted	View →
P2-32	Inspect London Fire Brigade incident commander training That as soon as reasonably possible the Inspectorate inspect the London Fire Brigade to examine and report on the arrangements it has …	HM Inspectorate of Constabulary and F…	Accepted	View →
P2-33	Inspect London Fire Brigade information management systems That as soon as reasonably practicable the Inspectorate inspect the LFB to examine and report on its arrangements for collecting, storing and …	HM Inspectorate of Constabulary and F…	Accepted	View →
P2-34	London Fire Brigade to establish lessons learned process That the London Fire Brigade establish effective standing arrangements for collecting, considering and effectively implementing lessons learned from previous incidents, inquests and …	London Fire Brigade	Accepted	View →
P2-35	Consider higher power radios for breathing apparatus That fire and rescue services that continue to use low power intrinsically safe radios as part of breathing apparatus consider reserving them …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P2-36	Provide firefighters with digital radios That all fire and rescue services give consideration to providing all firefighters with digital radios. (113.60)	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P2-37	Train firefighters on communications loss response Since radio communications are inherently unreliable in certain environments, we recommend that firefighters be trained to respond appropriately to the loss of …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P2-38	Provide water supply system training to all firefighters That basic training on the structure and operation of the water supply system, including the different types of hydrants in use and …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P2-39	Establish water undertaker communication protocols That all fire and rescue services establish and periodically review an agreed protocol with the statutory water undertakers in their areas to …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P2-40	Amend BS 750 for flow coefficient measurement That the British Standards Institution amend BS 750 to include a description of the circumstances under which the flow coefficient to which …	British Standards Institution	Accepted	View →
P2-41	Consider guidance on firefighter initiative deviations That National Fire Chiefs Council consider whether, and if so in what circumstances, firefighters should be discouraged from departing from their instructions …	National Fire Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P2-42	Review Civil Contingencies Act intervention powers That the [Civil Contingencies] Act [2004] be reviewed and consideration be given to granting a designated Secretary of State the power to …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-43	Require voluntary sector partnerships in contingency planning Regulation 23 of the Civil Contingencies Act 2004 (Contingency Planning) Regulations 2005 requires a Category 1 responder to have regard when making …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-44	Consolidate and update emergency preparedness guidance The current guidance on preparing for emergencies is contained in several documents, all of which are unduly long and in some respects …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-45	Add humanitarian considerations as ninth response principle That regard for humanitarian considerations be expressly recognised by making it the ninth principle of effective response and recovery. (113.69)	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-46	Revise London Gold arrangements guidance Events demonstrated, however, that there is a need for a clearer understanding of the nature of the London Gold arrangements, in particular …	London Authorities	Accepted	View →
P2-47	Local resilience forums to adopt national standards That local resilience forums adopt national standards to ensure effective training, preparation and planning for emergencies and adopt independent auditing schemes to …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-48	Verify training quality of Category 1 responders That a mechanism be introduced for independently verifying the frequency and quality of training provided by local authorities and other Category 1 …	UK Government	Accepted in Part	View →
P2-49	Train all local authority employees on resilience That local authorities train all their employees, including chief executives, to regard resilience as an integral part of their responsibilities. (113.73)	Local Authorities	Accepted	View →
P2-50	Devise displaced person information recording methods RBKC had no effective means of collecting and recording information about those who had been displaced from the tower and surrounding buildings, …	Local Authorities	Accepted	View →
P2-51	Arrange emergency temporary accommodation provision That all local authorities make such arrangements as are reasonably practicable for enabling them to place people in temporary accommodation at short …	Local Authorities	Accepted	View →
P2-52	Include financial assistance in contingency plans That all local authorities include in their contingency plans arrangements for providing immediate financial assistance to people affected by an emergency. (113.76)	Local Authorities	Accepted	View →
P2-53	Plan for key worker availability in emergencies That as part of their planning for emergencies local authorities give detailed consideration to the availability of key workers and the role …	Local Authorities	Accepted	View →
P2-54	Establish effective emergency communication methods That as part of their emergency planning local authorities make effective arrangements for continuing communication with those who need assistance using the …	Local Authorities	Accepted	View →
P2-55	Use modern communication for public emergency information That all local authorities include in their plans for responding to emergencies arrangements for providing information to the public by whatever combination …	Local Authorities	Accepted	View →
P2-56	Clarify casualty bureau purpose and limitations That what in the past has been called by the police a 'casualty bureau' be described in a way that makes it …	National Police Chiefs Council	Accepted	View →
P2-57	Reconsider Phase 1 recommendations in light of Phase 2 That further consideration be given to the recommendations made in the Phase 1 report in the light of our findings in this …	UK Government	Accepted	View →
P2-58	Reconsider LGA Guide paragraph 79.11 advice That the advice contained in paragraph 79.11 of the LGA Guide be reconsidered. (113.83)	UK Government	Accepted	View →

Parliamentary activity

181 mentions since Jun 2017

11 debates 123 questions 39 statements

20 May 2026 Written Ministerial Statement Grenfell Tower Inquiry Phase 2 Report Update
Baroness Taylor of Stevenage (Labour)

20 May 2026 Written Ministerial Statement Grenfell Tower Inquiry Phase 2 Report Update
Samantha Dixon (Labour)

18 May 2026 Written Question Fire and Rescue Services: Innovation and Research
Siân Berry (Green Party)

17 Dec 2025 Written Ministerial Statement Grenfell Tower Inquiry Recommendations – Progress
Baroness Taylor of Stevenage (Labour)

17 Dec 2025 Written Ministerial Statement Grenfell Tower Inquiry Recommendations – Progress
Samantha Dixon (Labour)

View all 181 mentions →

Costs

Total: £177,639,000

Period	Total	Inquiry legal	CP legal	Source
Jan 2025 (cum.)	£177,639,000	£30,408,000	£68,888,000	link
Jan 2025	£4,426,000	£800,000	£1,017,000	link
Mar 2024	£3,245,000	£1,444,000	—	link
Mar 2023	£20,698,000	£4,815,000	£8,318,000	link
Mar 2022	£31,939,000	£6,604,000	£11,299,000	link
Mar 2021	£77,064,000	£11,615,000	£31,152,000	link
Mar 2019	£40,267,000	£5,130,000	£18,887,000	link