Public Inquiry

Jermaine Baker Inquiry

Status: Completed Chair: HH Clement Goldstone KC Established: Jun 2020 Report: Jul 2022 Commissioned by: Home Office

Public inquiry into the death of Jermaine Baker during a Metropolitan Police Service armed operation on 11 December 2015. The inquiry examined the planning, authorisation and conduct of the operation.

Response breakdown

26 recommendations total
85%
15%
22 (85%)Accepted
4 (15%)Under Review

Evidence & impact

AI-generated · 26 Mar 2026
The Jermaine Baker Inquiry, chaired by Clement Goldstone QC, examined the fatal shooting of Jermaine Baker by a Metropolitan Police firearms officer on 11 December 2015. The inquiry's final report, published in July 2022, made 26 recommendations focused on improving armed policing practices, command structures, training, and accountability mechanisms.

The government accepted 22 of the 26 recommendations (85%), with four remaining under consideration. The Metropolitan Police Service provided a formal response in October 2022, detailing actions taken on recommendations directed to them. Key documented changes include the College of Policing's comprehensive update to the Authorised Professional Practice on Armed Policing in August 2023, which incorporated multiple inquiry recommendations.

Specific operational changes within the MPS include the separation of the Strategic Firearms Commander role from investigation teams following an internal review led by DAC Barbara Gray, and the replacement of glass hammers with extendable X-ball devices for all firearms officers. The MPS reported significant improvements in covert monitoring training, with over 480 operatives receiving awareness training on accurate note-taking and dissemination systems.

The inquiry's recommendations on police accountability gained renewed attention following the W80 misconduct case. The Police Accountability Rapid Review, published in October 2025 and led by Tim Godwin and Sir Adrian Fulford, was directly prompted by the W80/Baker case. The government accepted the review's recommendation to raise the standard of proof for use of force in misconduct cases from civil to criminal, with regulatory changes intended for Spring 2026.

However, evidence of progress remains incomplete for several recommendations. As of August 2023, eight recommendations were marked as 'In Progress' with no subsequent updates available. Four recommendations directed to bodies including the Criminal Procedure Rule Committee and regarding IOPC powers show no published evidence of action. The MPS has not developed a Standard Operating Procedure as recommended, citing the pending national D-DaCS system as the reason for delay.

Reports & milestones

Reports

Timeline

11 Dec 2015 Death of Jermaine… Jermaine Baker was shot and killed by Metropolitan Police officer W80 during an operation in Wood Green, London.
12 Feb 2020 Inquiry Announced Home Secretary Priti Patel announced an independent inquiry under the Inquiries Act 2005. · Source
12 Feb 2020 Chair Appointed His Honour Clement Goldstone QC appointed as Chair of the Inquiry.
28 Jul 2020 Preliminary Heari… First preliminary hearing held. · Source
14 Jun 2021 Evidence Hearings… Public hearings commenced, scheduled to run until 6 August 2021.
05 Jul 2022 Final Report Publ… The Inquiry's final report was published, making 26 recommendations. · Source

Recommendations

26 shown (filtered)
Clear
Code Recommendation Addressed to Response
JB-15.1
There should be clearer guidance from the MPS, College of Policing and/or the NPCC on the separation of roles between the Senior …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.2
Training should emphasise that multidimensional risk assessments must be carried out throughout police operations, including the planning and briefing of operations. Those …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.3
In order to provide for efficacy and transparency, the NPCC and College of Policing should be tasked with providing a document management …
National Police Chiefs Council Accepted View →
JB-15.4
There should be an amendment to FA (and equivalent) forms to: a. encourage a multidimensional risk assessment (to comply with Article 2) …
National Police Chiefs Council Accepted View →
JB-15.5
Appropriate training and refresher courses on the usage and completion of FA (and equivalent) forms should be made compulsory for firearms commanders …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.6
The NPCC should commission a national review of the frequency with which this strategic option is used and its efficacy. The NPCC …
National Police Chiefs Council Accepted View →
JB-15.7
MPS Armed Policing Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) to be amended so that: a. Notes and/or audio recordings should be made of all …
Metropolitan Police Service Accepted View →
JB-15.8
The NPCC and/or College of Policing should ensure that these amendments are reflected in the guidance and training given to forces nationally.
National Police Chiefs Council Accepted View →
JB-15.9
The College of Policing's Authorised Professional Practice – Armed Policing (APP-AP) should clarify that, during the course of an operation, any relevant …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.10
When intelligence is being provided, the use of any language that is capable of misinterpretation is to be avoided. Training to address …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.11
Only those officers who have received the requisite training and accreditation should be posted to a Covert Monitoring Post (CMP).
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.12
There should be clear and unequivocal written guidance for the CMP from the TFC as to the key information and intelligence that …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.13
The training referred to in paragraph 15.11 must emphasise the importance of covert monitoring officers (CMOs) making accurate notes of: (a) what …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.14
CMPs should not be established without the appointment of a properly trained CMP manager, whose responsibility it should be to appoint a …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.15
When a CMP is being used to gather evidence or intelligence, the MPS (and other forces) should consider developing an SOP to …
Metropolitan Police Service Accepted View →
JB-15.16
APP-AP should be amended to cover the following: a. Sustained public protection should never be the object of an operation unless and …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.17
Police medic training should emphasise that, in cases of catastrophic external torso haemorrhage, the immediate action is to apply direct pressure and …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.18
Training should be made mandatory for command officers in the use of the Computer Logging of Intelligence Operations (CLIO) system and the …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.19
Advice should be given by the College of Policing about the benefits of uniformity in instructions and commands. Ultimate discretion as to …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.20
There needs to be proper and objective consideration by the NPCC as to whether, and if so when, it is appropriate for …
National Police Chiefs Council Accepted View →
JB-15.21
There should be an amendment to the Criminal Procedure Rules which govern the process in applications for a firearms presence in court …
Ministry of Justice Under Consideration View →
JB-15.22
There should be training of those who are authorised by reason of rank to present such applications at court, and no-one should …
College of Policing Accepted View →
JB-15.23
Consideration should be given to the introduction of a practice requiring, as an alternative to a face-to-face interview, the submission of a …
Independent Office for Police Conduct Under Consideration View →
JB-15.24
The IOPC should be provided with the power to require a force to take 'management action' in situations that fall short of …
Home Office Under Consideration View →
JB-15.25
Serious consideration should be given to the public interest in amending the current legislation so that allegations of 'simple' misconduct, as distinct …
Home Office Under Consideration View →
JB-15.26
Consideration should be given by the MPS, Home Office and the NPCC to finding a more suitable solution for smashing windows during …
Metropolitan Police Service Accepted View →

Parliamentary activity

2 mentions since Jul 2022
2 statements
05 Jul 2022 Written Ministerial Statement Publication of the Final Report of the Jermaine Baker Inquiry
Baroness Williams of Trafford (Conservative)
05 Jul 2022 Written Ministerial Statement Publication of the Final Report of the Jermaine Baker Inquiry
Priti Patel (Conservative)
View all 2 mentions →

Costs

Total: £4,063,627
Period Total Inquiry legal CP legal Source
Jun 2022 £239,376 £179,444 £3,822 link
Jun 2022 (cum.) £4,063,627 £2,292,519 £595,152 link
Mar 2022 £2,314,923 £1,161,855 £447,753 link
Mar 2021 £1,415,638 £951,220 £143,577 link
Mar 2020 £93,690 link