Select Committee · Defence Committee

Armed Forces Readiness

Status: Closed Opened: 24 Apr 2023 Closed: 24 May 2024 10 recommendations 122 conclusions 1 report

The Committee welcomes written evidence on the following: Are the armed forces sufficiently capable, resourced and ready to protect the UK and our allies? What are the main gaps in capability and/or readiness, and what will it take to fill these gaps? Are the UK armed forces a ‘tier one fighting force’? Do they need …

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
First Report - Ready for War? HC 26 4 Feb 2024 132 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

11 items
79 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

UK Armed Forces fail to sustainably utilise reserve forces, hindering capability and deployment

A number of our witnesses were concerned with how the UK Armed Forces utilised their reserve forces. Professor Justin Bronk suggested that neither the Army nor the Air Force had “really figured out how to use the reserves sustainably” and Lord Houghton told us that that the UK did “not …

Government response. The committee's response indicates that the government has acknowledged the issues with reserve forces and is deferring detailed action to be based on recommendations from the upcoming Reserve Forces 2030 Review and Haythornthwaite Review.
Ministry of Defence
80 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

Health of UK Reserve Forces poor and declining, with higher outflow than intake

As with the regular Forces, the Reserve Forces also saw a higher outflow than intake in the year up to October 2023.168 The External Scrutiny Team (mandated to report on the ‘state of the volunteer reserve forces’) found in their 2023 annual report that “the state, 165 Q47; Q108 166 …

Government response. The committee's response implies the government acknowledged the concerns regarding the declining state of the Reserve Forces and intends to address them through recommendations from the forthcoming Reserve Forces 2030 Review and Haythornthwaite Review.
Ministry of Defence
81 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

Reserve forces recruitment challenging, lacking mass required for large-scale conflict

Both the Chief of the General Staff and the Chief of the Air Staff told us that they were trying to grow their reserve forces but were concerned by their ability to recruit.171 Conversely First Sea Lord felt that “recruiting reserves is in some areas proving easier” than recruiting regulars.172 …

Government response. The committee's response indicates that the government has acknowledged the challenges in growing and utilising reserve forces, deferring plans for improvement to future recommendations from the Reserve Forces 2030 Review and Haythornthwaite Review.
Ministry of Defence
92 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

MOD Permanent Secretary acknowledges high outflow and low inflow, planning new entry routes.

In December 2023, the MOD Permanent Secretary acknowledged that “inflow [into the UK Armed Forces] is not at the level we need, and outflow is too high” and (alongside the recommendations produced by the Haythornthwaite Review on zig-zag careers and total reward) pointed both to work being carried out on …

Government response. The government indicates that a formal response to the Haythornthwaite Review's 67 accepted recommendations, outlining next steps for delivery and implementation, will be published during 2024, deferring the Permanent Secretary's hope for a detailed plan by the end of 2023.
Ministry of Defence
108 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

UK Armed Forces face significant capability shortfalls and unresolved personnel recruitment crisis.

There are multiple capability shortfalls within the UK Armed Forces. For that reason, we welcome the decision to maintain the Albion-class vessels in operational service until their out of service dates in the 2030s. However, we are also increasingly concerned about the ability of the Armed Forces to attract and …

Government response. The government acknowledges the challenges in recruitment and retention, stating that all 67 recommendations from the Haythornthwaite Review were accepted in the Defence Command Paper refresh. It commits to publishing a formal government response outlining next steps for delivery and …
Ministry of Defence
109 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

Produce and share an implementation timetable with measurable deliverables for adopted recruitment plans.

Efforts to improve the recruitment and retention of both Regulars and Reserves are currently being considered by the MOD. We therefore recommend that once decisions have been made to adopt these recommendations, an implementation timetable with measurable deliverables is produced and shared with us so that we can scrutinise the …

Government response. The government commits to publishing a formal response to the Haythornthwaite Review during 2024, which will outline next steps for delivery, a broad roadmap for recruitment and retention, and regularly reported key progress indicators.
Ministry of Defence
5 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

Propose annual mechanism for the Defence Committee to receive detailed updates on armed forces readiness

In a functioning democracy, the House of Commons Defence Committee needs to be routinely informed about the planning assumptions and readiness of the nation’s armed forces. We therefore recommend that—following the Minister’s welcome commitment to work with us—the Government propose how we and our successors can receive at least annually …

Government response. The government did not commit to providing routine detailed updates on planning assumptions and readiness, instead detailing recent financial allocations for resilience, munitions stockpiles, and replenishment of aid to Ukraine.
Ministry of Defence
6 Recommendation First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

Rectify reduction in public accountability and consult committees before classifying readiness information

We also recommend that the Government explain why previously unclassified information about readiness is no longer published, recognise the reduction in public and parliamentary accountability that this has brought about, and seek to rectify the situation. In future, when a decision is being considered to classify previously available information, we …

Government response. The government's response discussed the importance of recruitment and retention for the Armed Forces, committing to publish a formal response to the Haythornthwaite Review recommendations during 2024, which does not address the committee's recommendation about classifying readiness information.
Ministry of Defence
7 Recommendation First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

Produce breakdown of Autumn 2022 and Spring 2023 budget allocations for stockpiles

The commitments made to replenish and increase stockpiles made since the 2022 Autumn Budget have all been welcome. The question remains whether this is anywhere near enough to meet the potential threats we face. It is therefore disturbing to hear that the £1.95 billion awarded as part of the Spring …

Government response. The government's response deflects the recommendation regarding stockpiles and budget allocation by focusing entirely on recruitment and retention issues, stating a formal HMG response to the Haythornthwaite Review will be published in 2024 to outline next steps for people-related reforms.
Ministry of Defence
9 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

Produce and share implementation timetable with measurable deliverables for recruitment and retention

Efforts to improve the recruitment and retention of both Regulars and Reserves are currently being considered by the MOD. We therefore recommend that once decisions have been made to adopt these recommendations, an implementation timetable with measurable deliverables is produced and shared with us so that we can scrutinise the …

Government response. The government's response outlined the new purpose of Defence and broad strategic investments and capabilities from the Defence Command Paper 2023, but did not commit to providing an implementation timetable with measurable deliverables for recruitment and retention initiatives.
Ministry of Defence
18 Conclusion First Report - Ready for War? Deferred

Operational demands create personnel retention issues and growing capability shortfalls in services.

Personnel need time to recover from operations, and time to train and develop new skills. But the demand of operations makes that harder to achieve. It is unsurprising that more people are leaving the Forces than joining them. All three services have growing capability shortfalls—these have been a feature of …

Government response. The government acknowledges the issue of personnel shortfalls and states that a formal response to the Haythornthwaite Review recommendations on recruitment and retention, outlining next steps and a roadmap, will be published in 2024.
Ministry of Defence

Oral evidence sessions

6 sessions
Date Witnesses
22 Nov 2023 General Sir Jim Hockenhull · Ministry of Defence, Rt Hon James Heappey MP · Ministry of Defence View ↗
14 Nov 2023 Admiral Sir Ben Key KCB CBE · Ministry of Defence, Rear Admiral Steve Moorhouse CBE · Ministry of Defence View ↗
7 Nov 2023 Air Chief Marshal Sir Richard Knighton KCB · Ministry of Defence, General Sir Patrick Sanders · Ministry of Defence View ↗
21 Jun 2023 General (Retd) Sir Nick Carter, Former Chief of Defence Staff (CDS) View ↗
20 Jun 2023 The Lord Houghton of Richmond GCB CBE DL View ↗
6 Jun 2023 Dr Simon Anglim · Kings College London, Nick Childs · The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS), Professor Justin Bronk · RUSI View ↗