Select Committee · Human Rights (Joint Committee)

Forced Labour in UK Supply Chains

Status: Closed Opened: 16 Jan 2025 Closed: 13 May 2026 30 recommendations 27 conclusions 1 report

The inquiry will examine the UK’s current legal and voluntary framework in relation to forced labour in international supply chains, and whether it is effective in managing forced labour exposure risks in the UK market, or if changes are required.

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply Chains HC 633 24 Jul 2025 57 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

20 items
8 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

Government should remove s.54(4)(b) of the Modern Slavery Act 2015, which enables companies to comply...

Government should remove s.54(4)(b) of the Modern Slavery Act 2015, which enables companies to comply by reporting that no action has been taken. (Recommendation, Paragraph 61)

Government response. The government's response discusses the RBC review and the Small Business Plan, focusing on reducing administrative costs for businesses, and then addresses different recommendations (13 and 14), failing to engage with the specific request to remove s.54(4)(b) of the Modern …
Ministry of Justice
13 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

The Committee supports the Government’s decision to establish a body that could play a role...

The Committee supports the Government’s decision to establish a body that could play a role in supporting businesses to address the risks of forced labour in their supply chains. (Conclusion, Paragraph 98)

Government response. The government's response did not directly address the committee's conclusion supporting the establishment of a body to assist businesses with forced labour risks, instead providing a general statement on opposing forced labour and assessing means to address it.
Ministry of Justice
14 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

Verified supply chain and risk data and uniform supportive materials would be welcomed by business;...

Verified supply chain and risk data and uniform supportive materials would be welcomed by business; having a single source of information would help to create consistency in practice across organisations and sectors. (Conclusion, Paragraph 99)

Government response. The government's response discusses import bans and then addresses different recommendations (JCHR Recommendation 15 and 16), failing to engage with the committee's conclusion regarding the benefits of verified supply chain data and uniform supportive materials for businesses.
Ministry of Justice
15 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

The Government’s newly announced Supply Chain Centre should support companies to conduct effective HRDD by...

The Government’s newly announced Supply Chain Centre should support companies to conduct effective HRDD by providing a single point of access to verified information, guidance and resources. (Recommendation, Paragraph 100)

Government response. The government response discusses the rebuttable presumption model for import bans, the need for coordination in tackling forced labour, and trade agreements, but does not address the recommendation regarding the Supply Chain Centre providing HRDD support.
Ministry of Justice
17 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

Imposing penalties for non-compliance with mHRDD would make the risks of non-compliance clear to companies...

Imposing penalties for non-compliance with mHRDD would make the risks of non-compliance clear to companies and provide a rationale for conforming which does not exist at present. (Conclusion, Paragraph 106)

Government response. The government's response discusses POCA powers for law enforcement and then addresses a different recommendation entirely (JCHR Recommendation 18), failing to engage with the committee's conclusion about imposing penalties for non-compliance with mandatory human rights due diligence.
Ministry of Justice
18 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

Government should establish effective regulatory arrangements to ensure compliance with the new rules for mHRDD,...

Government should establish effective regulatory arrangements to ensure compliance with the new rules for mHRDD, including penalties for non-compliance that are proportional to company turn over. (Recommendation, Paragraph 107)

Government response. The government response discusses various tools and mechanisms related to preventing forced labour in trade agreements, but does not address the recommendation to establish effective regulatory arrangements and proportional penalties for new mandatory human rights due diligence rules.
Ministry of Justice
19 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

This regulatory function could be led either by the Office for Responsible Business Conduct or...

This regulatory function could be led either by the Office for Responsible Business Conduct or the Supply Chain Centre. The chosen body must be effectively resourced to deliver these new duties. (Recommendation, Paragraph 108) Import bans and restrictions

Government response. The government response discusses general challenges of identifying forced labour and existing trade agreement provisions, but does not address which body will lead the specified regulatory function or how it will be resourced.
Ministry of Justice
20 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

The UK’s current approach to imports is inadequate to prevent goods linked to forced labour...

The UK’s current approach to imports is inadequate to prevent goods linked to forced labour from entering the UK. (Conclusion, Paragraph 116)

Government response. The government response provides general statements about human rights and trade but does not specifically address the committee's conclusion regarding the inadequacy of the UK's current approach to preventing forced labour goods from entering the UK.
Ministry of Justice
22 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

The Government should introduce an import ban to prevent goods produced using forced labour from...

The Government should introduce an import ban to prevent goods produced using forced labour from entering the UK market. This should establish: (i) how the risk of forced labour in supply chains will be identified; (ii) who is responsible for identifying forced labour risks in supply chains and what is …

Government response. The government's response details how the Procurement Act allows public sector contracting authorities to exclude and terminate contracts with suppliers using forced labour, which does not address the recommendation for a general import ban on goods produced by forced labour.
Ministry of Justice
23 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

In cases of state-imposed forced labour, it is not possible to seek to use buyer...

In cases of state-imposed forced labour, it is not possible to seek to use buyer leverage to improving working conditions. (Conclusion, Paragraph 136)

Government response. The government response describes the Procurement Review Unit's (PRU) processes for debarment investigations and its plans for regular review, but this does not address the committee's conclusion about the impossibility of buyer leverage in cases of state-imposed forced labour.
Ministry of Justice
24 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

The import ban recommended above must clarify that no company which uses or allows state-imposed...

The import ban recommended above must clarify that no company which uses or allows state-imposed forced labour in its supply chains can import goods to the UK. (Recommendation, Paragraph 137)

Government response. The government response focuses on strengthening procurement rules for public sector bodies, particularly Great British Energy, to address forced labour in supply chains, rather than directly clarifying the scope of an import ban as recommended.
Ministry of Justice
25 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

Effective implementation of a forced labour import ban would require effective data sharing and co-ordination...

Effective implementation of a forced labour import ban would require effective data sharing and co-ordination between multiple UK law enforcement and intelligence agencies, including HMRC, the NCA and Border Force. (Conclusion, Paragraph 146)

Government response. The government's response discusses critical minerals strategy, solar procurement, and access to justice for survivors, completely failing to address the committee's conclusion about the need for effective data sharing and coordination for a forced labour import ban.
Ministry of Justice
26 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

The Committee was encouraged by the reference in the UK’s Trade Strategy to plans to...

The Committee was encouraged by the reference in the UK’s Trade Strategy to plans to modernise detection capabilities and use pre-arrival data to enhance the tools available to Border Force. (Conclusion, Paragraph 147)

Government response. The government response discusses the Solar Stewardship Initiative, procurement decisions under the Procurement Act 2023, and a separate recommendation regarding a civil cause of action for failure to prevent forced labour, but does not address the committee's observation about modernising …
Ministry of Justice
27 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

In taking steps to enable Border Force officers to find illicit consignments, the Government should...

In taking steps to enable Border Force officers to find illicit consignments, the Government should ensure they are enabled to search out consignments of goods linked to forced labour. (Recommendation, Paragraph 148)

Government response. The government's response did not directly address empowering Border Force officers to search out consignments of goods linked to forced labour, instead providing a general statement about ongoing cross-government work and a Responsible Business Conduct review.
Ministry of Justice
28 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

To aid enforcement, the UK’s import ban should include a rebuttable presumption that goods linked...

To aid enforcement, the UK’s import ban should include a rebuttable presumption that goods linked to regions where the UK Government considers state-imposed forced labour is imposed are linked to forced labour until proven otherwise. (Recommendation, Paragraph 155)

Government response. The government recognizes the complexity of the solar supply chain and is working with stakeholders and monitoring the Solar Stewardship Initiative, but does not address the specific recommendation to include a rebuttable presumption in an import ban.
Ministry of Justice
30 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

The powers already available under POCA are being underused by law enforcement agencies in relation...

The powers already available under POCA are being underused by law enforcement agencies in relation to goods linked to forced labour which occurs outside of the UK. (Conclusion, Paragraph 178)

Government response. The government's response discusses support for survivor voices and existing Lived Experience Advisory Panels, which does not address the committee's conclusion about the underuse of POCA powers by law enforcement.
Ministry of Justice
42 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Not Addressed

There is significant concern that public buyers, such as local authorities, will not have sufficient...

There is significant concern that public buyers, such as local authorities, will not have sufficient capacity to use discretionary powers effectively. (Conclusion, Paragraph 223)

Government response. The government details the existing Procurement Act, stating it is the responsibility of contracting authorities to use discretionary exclusion grounds, but does not address the committee's specific concern about their capacity to do so effectively.
Ministry of Justice

Oral evidence sessions

5 sessions
Date Witnesses
7 May 2025 Daniel Cox · Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, Matthew Davies · Cabinet Office, Sarah Jones · Department for Energy Security and Net Zero and Department for Business and Trade View ↗
23 Apr 2025 Alex Murray · National Crime Agency, Eleanor Lyons, Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner, Phillip Holliday · Border Force View ↗
19 Mar 2025 Chris Hewett · Solar Taskforce, J.J. Messner de Latour · Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance (IRMA), John Morrison · MG Alba, Katharine Bryant · Walk Free View ↗
5 Mar 2025 Dr Roger Barker · Institute of Directors (IoD), Mr Craig Melson · techUK, Mr Oliver Holland · Leigh Day, Mr Scott Steedman CBE · British Standards Institution (BSI), Professor Olga Martin-Ortega · University of Greenwich View ↗
22 Jan 2025 Michael Rudin · BBC, Professor Alexander Trautrims · Rights Lab at the University of Nottingham, Rahima Mahmut · World Uyghur Congress View ↗

Correspondence

22 letters
DateDirectionTitle
16 Oct 2025 Correspondence from the Minister of State for Trade to the Committee regarding …
25 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the Minister of State for Industry regardi…
18 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the Secretary of State for Business & Trad…
10 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the NCA regarding the Forced Labour in UK …
10 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the Minister for Energy regarding the Forc…
3 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the Chair of Great British Energy regardin…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to Mr Alexander Murray relating to Forced Lab…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to Mr Juergen Maier relating to Forced Labour…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Minister for Energy relating to Forced…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Secretary of State for Business and Tr…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Minister for Industry relating to Forc…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Minister of state for Industry Department for Energy Se…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from The Minister for Energy relating to Great British Energy’s …
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Secretary of State for Business & Trade and President o…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the National Crime Agency relating to Forced Labour dated 1…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from The Rt Hon the Baroness May of Maidenhead relating to Force…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to Secretary of State for Business and trade …
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Minister for Energy relating to Forced…
15 May 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Secretary of state for Business and Tr…
8 Apr 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Minister of Energy regarding Human Rig…