Select Committee · Human Rights (Joint Committee)

Forced Labour in UK Supply Chains

Status: Closed Opened: 16 Jan 2025 Closed: 13 May 2026 31 recommendations 26 conclusions 1 report

The inquiry will examine the UK’s current legal and voluntary framework in relation to forced labour in international supply chains, and whether it is effective in managing forced labour exposure risks in the UK market, or if changes are required.

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply Chains HC 633 24 Jul 2025 57 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

14 items
3 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

There is a lack of visible leadership and coordination within government on tackling forced labour...

There is a lack of visible leadership and coordination within government on tackling forced labour in UK supply chains. (Conclusion, Paragraph 34)

Government response AI summary
The government disputes the premise, stating that departments work closely together, identifying key departments and their roles, and highlighting existing structures like senior cross-Whitehall governance for the RBC Review and cross-government Ministerial meetings.
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Ministry of Justice
4 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

The Government should consider how it can provide visible leadership and coordination on the issue...

The Government should consider how it can provide visible leadership and coordination on the issue of forced labour in supply chains within government. (Recommendation, Paragraph 35) 76

Government response AI summary
The government states that departments like the Home Office, DBT, FCDO, and Cabinet Office already work closely, outlining their respective responsibilities and existing initiatives like the Modern Slavery Act 2015 and the new Office for Responsible Business Conduct, to provide leadership and coordination.
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Ministry of Justice
11 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

In developing its own mandatory human rights due diligence, the UK should be mindful of...

In developing its own mandatory human rights due diligence, the UK should be mindful of the outcome of the CSDDD process in the EU, in order to ensure that businesses which operate in both the UK and EU are not placed under conflicting regulatory burdens. (Recommendation, Paragraph 84) 77 Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating that the Responsible Business Conduct (RBC) review will have due regard to EU approaches and that it is in regular contact with the European Commission on this issue.
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Ministry of Justice
21 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

Other key comparator markets such as the EU and USA have put in place import...

Other key comparator markets such as the EU and USA have put in place import bans on goods linked to forced labour. The UK’s lack of equivalent legislation puts the UK at risk of becoming a dumping ground for goods that cannot be sold elsewhere. (Conclusion, Paragraph 125) 78 Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response detailed existing tools such as Free Trade Agreements with labour provisions and the Developing Countries Trading Scheme, as its approach to ensuring labour standards and preventing forced labour in supply chains.
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Ministry of Justice
32 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

The EU’s systemic approach to including human rights clauses in its free trade agreements provides...

The EU’s systemic approach to including human rights clauses in its free trade agreements provides an example of how the UK’s approach to trade could be used to project British values abroad. (Conclusion, Paragraph 194)

Government response AI summary
The government responded by outlining its existing and ongoing efforts to include forced labour provisions in its Free Trade Agreements, citing examples with Australia, New Zealand, CPTPP, and India, and describing other mechanisms like the Developing Countries Trading Scheme.
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Ministry of Justice
35 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

The Government should make it an explicit policy to include provisions concerning forced labour in...

The Government should make it an explicit policy to include provisions concerning forced labour in future trade deals. (Recommendation, Paragraph 201)

Government response AI summary
The government states it already pursues the inclusion of forced labour provisions in FTAs, citing examples like those with Australia, New Zealand, CPTPP, and India. They affirm that FTAs are one of several tools used to address forced labour.
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Ministry of Justice
36 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

The UK should carry out effective impact assessments before entering trade negotiations with other nations.

The UK should carry out effective impact assessments before entering trade negotiations with other nations. These assessments should include analysis of how enhanced trading arrangements with the UK will impact the use of forced labour in the contracting state, and whether an agreement would be likely to increase the UK’s … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states that prior to entering trade negotiations, it carries out scoping assessments that provide a qualitative assessment of trading partners' adherence to ILO conventions. It adds that it works with trading partners to address forced labour through commitments in the labour chapter of …
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Ministry of Justice
38 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

The Government should establish a regular, formal process to assess whether the obligations to uphold...

The Government should establish a regular, formal process to assess whether the obligations to uphold labour rights and human rights in trade agreements are being met. If breaches are found, the UK should have a policy of using dispute resolution mechanisms and exemptions under trade agreements to their fullest effect … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states it already uses existing FTA implementation tools, formal sub-committees, and civil society forums to discuss and progress labour commitments with 14 partners. It also commits to using dispute settlement mechanisms where most appropriate.
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Ministry of Justice
40 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

Public procurement carries a higher risk of exposure to forced labour.

Public procurement carries a higher risk of exposure to forced labour. (Conclusion, Paragraph 211)

Government response AI summary
The government responds to the conclusion about the higher risk of forced labor in public procurement by detailing the Procurement Act, coming into force in February 2025, which strengthens the exclusion regime and introduces a central debarment list to prevent exploitative companies from securing government …
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Ministry of Justice
45 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

The Government should review the actions of the Procurement Review Unit to assess if its...

The Government should review the actions of the Procurement Review Unit to assess if its investigations are taking account of all relevant evidence and are effectively informing the exclusion regime within 12 months of the enactment of the Procurement Act (February 2026). (Recommendation, Paragraph 231) Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepted the recommendation, stating the Procurement Review Unit (PRU) will consider all relevant evidence and plans to conduct regular reviews of its debarment investigation processes to capture and implement lessons learned.
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Ministry of Justice
46 Conclusion 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

The Committee are encouraged by the Minister for Energy’s assurance that GBE will take action...

The Committee are encouraged by the Minister for Energy’s assurance that GBE will take action on issues or concerns relating to forced labour raised by the JCHR. (Conclusion, Paragraph 237)

Government response AI summary
The government confirms Great British Energy (GBE) will follow strict ethical standards, detailing steps like issuing a Statement of Strategic Priorities, requiring GBE to develop a Strategic Plan, appointing a Director for Ethical Supply Chains, and publishing an annual report by July 2026.
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Ministry of Justice
47 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

Great British Energy must inform the Committee 12 months after this report is published to...

Great British Energy must inform the Committee 12 months after this report is published to set out (i) how the objective on measures for ensuring that slavery and human trafficking are not taking place in Great British Energy’s business or supply chain has been implemented, and (ii) what their plans … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states Great British Energy (GBE) has been directed via a Statement of Strategic Priorities to proactively tackle forced labour and become a sector leader in ethical supply chains, including developing and publishing a Strategic Plan, and has appointed a senior non-executive director and …
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Ministry of Justice
51 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

GBE and other public buyers must ensure that solar procurement decisions are made on the...

GBE and other public buyers must ensure that solar procurement decisions are made on the basis of independent assessments and not rely solely on the SSI to provide assurance of supply chains. (Recommendation, Paragraph 256)

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, confirming that procurement decisions are not made solely on SSI assessments. It highlights existing legal frameworks and policies, and details Great British Energy's recruitment of a senior ethical supply chain lead to embed procurement standards.
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Ministry of Justice
53 Recommendation 6th Report - Forced Labour in UK Supply… Accepted

The Government should urgently address the omissions in the Solar Roadmap in relation to global...

The Government should urgently address the omissions in the Solar Roadmap in relation to global supply chains and develop a viable strategy to address the risks of forced labour in the UK’s solar supply chain. In developing this strategy, government should engage with trade bodies, relevant NGOs, academics, civil society … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating it is working collaboratively with a broad range of stakeholders as part of its Solar Roadmap commitment to develop and implement solutions for forced labour risks in the UK’s solar supply chain. It will also monitor the Solar Stewardship …
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Ministry of Justice

Oral evidence sessions

5 sessions
Date Witnesses
7 May 2025 Daniel Cox · Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, Matthew Davies · Cabinet Office, Sarah Jones · Department for Energy Security and Net Zero and Department for Business and Trade View ↗
23 Apr 2025 Alex Murray · National Crime Agency, Eleanor Lyons, Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner, Phillip Holliday · Border Force View ↗
19 Mar 2025 Chris Hewett · Solar Taskforce, J.J. Messner de Latour · Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance (IRMA), John Morrison · MG Alba, Katharine Bryant · Walk Free View ↗
5 Mar 2025 Dr Roger Barker · Institute of Directors (IoD), Mr Craig Melson · techUK, Mr Oliver Holland · Leigh Day, Mr Scott Steedman CBE · British Standards Institution (BSI), Professor Olga Martin-Ortega · University of Greenwich View ↗
22 Jan 2025 Michael Rudin · BBC, Professor Alexander Trautrims · Rights Lab at the University of Nottingham, Rahima Mahmut · World Uyghur Congress View ↗

Who gave evidence

18 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Alex Murray · Director of Threat Leadership National Crime Agency 1
Chris Hewett · Co-Chair Solar Taskforce 1
Daniel Cox · Deputy Director Department for Energy Security and Net Zero 1
Dr Roger Barker · Director of Policy and Corporate Governance Institute of Directors (IoD) 1
Eleanor Lyons, Independent Anti-Slavery Commissioner 1
J.J. Messner de Latour · Sector Lead, Purchasing Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance (IRMA) 1
John Morrison · Chair MG Alba 1
Katharine Bryant · Director of Operations Walk Free 1
Matthew Davies · HR Deputy Director Cabinet Office 1
Michael Rudin · Executive Producer, BBC Eye Investigations BBC 1
Mr Craig Melson · Associate Director techUK 1
Mr Oliver Holland · Partner Leigh Day 1
Mr Scott Steedman CBE · Director-General British Standards Institution (BSI) 1
Phillip Holliday · Central Region Director Border Force 1
Professor Alexander Trautrims · Associate Director Rights Lab at the University of Nottingham 1
Professor Olga Martin-Ortega · Leader of the Business, Human Rights and Environm… University of Greenwich 1
Rahima Mahmut · UK Director World Uyghur Congress 1
Sarah Jones · Minister for Industry Department for Energy Security and Net Zero and Department for Business and Trade 1

Correspondence

22 letters
DateDirectionTitle
16 Oct 2025 Correspondence from the Minister of State for Trade to the Committee regarding …
25 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the Minister of State for Industry regardi…
18 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the Secretary of State for Business & Trad…
10 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the NCA regarding the Forced Labour in UK …
10 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the Minister for Energy regarding the Forc…
3 Jul 2025 Correspondence to the Committee from the Chair of Great British Energy regardin…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Minister for Energy relating to Forced…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to Mr Alexander Murray relating to Forced Lab…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to Mr Juergen Maier relating to Forced Labour…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Secretary of State for Business and Tr…
13 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Minister for Industry relating to Forc…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Minister for Energy relating to Forced…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from The Rt Hon the Baroness May of Maidenhead relating to Force…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Minister of state for Industry Department for Energy Se…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from The Minister for Energy relating to Great British Energy’s …
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Secretary of State for Business & Trade and President o…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the National Crime Agency relating to Forced Labour dated 1…
12 Jun 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to Secretary of State for Business and trade …
15 May 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Secretary of state for Business and Tr…
8 Apr 2025 Correspondence from the Committee to the Minister of Energy regarding Human Rig…