Source · IMB Annual Report

Thorn Cross

Year: 2025 Published: 18 Jul 2025 Type: Prison · Cat open, YOI Recommendations: 11 Key concerns Positive findings

HMP/YOI Thorn Cross maintains a safe and rehabilitative environment with positive staff-prisoner relationships and strong support for education and community employment. Despite these strengths, significant concerns include an inadequate kitchen, persistent issues with illicit items, and challenges in mental health engagement. Delays in infrastructure projects and restricted gym access during non-working hours also require urgent attention.

Safety statistics

Incidents during reporting year
IndicatorThis yearPrevious
Deaths in custody00
Self-harm incidents00
ACCT cases opened51
Prisoner assaults41
Assaults on staff00
Use of force2552
Drug finds11197

Positive findings

HMP/YOI Thorn Cross remains a safe establishment with low levels of violence and no self-harm incidents. The Board commends positive staff-prisoner relationships, good accommodation standards, and excellent health provision with good access to GPs and dental services. A strong rehabilitative culture supports tailored education and vocational training, leading to a notable increase in men working in the community and high employment rates post-release.

Key concerns

10 items
Food/Catering Repeated The kitchen is inadequate for the size of the prison, with equipment needing replacement and a promised new kitchen delayed.
Substance Misuse Illicit items, including steroids, continue to be brought in and found, leading to a worrying increase in adjudications.
Mental Health Engagement challenges remain regarding mental health support, despite rebranding to ‘wellbeing’ and increased provision, leading to a persistently low caseload.
Overcrowding Repeated New arrivals are placed in double cells that the Board continues to feel are too small.
Estate/Conditions The need to remove an existing unit by 2026-27, combined with long delays in planned capacity expansion, raises concerns about future accommodation.
Staffing A shortage of skilled cleaners exists due to poor pay, leading to men seeking better-compensated work and units looking tired.
Healthcare The increasing trend of men being transferred to Thorn Cross without their essential medication is a worrying concern.
Regime/Time Out of Cell Reduced gym access and activities during evenings and weekends, due to staffing restrictions, frustrates men, especially those working in the community.
Estate/Conditions Repeated The new OMU building was demolished due to significant faults, leading to considerable delays and wasted resources, despite previous recommendations on monitoring building projects.
Regime/Time Out of Cell Problems with the unit phone system, coupled with a lack of in-cell phones, impact family contact and prisoner privacy.

Recommendations

11 items · 3 repeated
#RecommendationAddresseeStatus
1 What plans are there to reduce the number of men serving imprisonment for public protection sentences? (7.3.2) Repeated
Response
I note the Board’s concerns regarding men serving Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences. These sentences pose some of the most complex challenges in our system and I am mindful of the frustration they continue to cause for those subjects to them and their families. In July 2025 the Government published a refreshed IPP Action Plan, which sets measurable targets and focuses on strong frontline delivery across prisons and probation. This ensures those serving IPP sentences have clear, effective sentence plans and are located in prisons best suited to their rehabilitative needs. The Action Plan is a key tool to help men reduce risk and progress towards safe release. This national work is complemented by the dedicated unit at HMP/YOI Thorn Cross, where IPP and life-sentence prisoners benefit from enhanced provision. This includes weekly life skills classes delivered by Novus, enrichment activities such as wellbeing walks and peer-led sessions and access to a CV suite. I am also pleased to note the Governor’s plans to build further on this support, including through a bid for innovation funding. Taken together with the wider findings of the Independent Sentencing Review, these steps represent determined progress towards ensuring that IPP prisoners can work towards safe and sustainable release, while keeping public protection at the forefront.
Ministry of Justice In progress
2 When will the coverage provided by CCTV be improved? (4.5.4) Repeated
Response
£12,500 has already been spent this financial year on CCTV repairs and upgrades. While a previous capital bid was unsuccessful, HMP/YOI Thorn Cross has scoped self-funded improvements to replace and realign cameras in the most needed areas. In addition, a full site CCTV upgrade has now been approved nationally and is in development, with delivery expected to commence before the end of the financial year.
HMPPS In progress
3 What plans are there to replace the Sycamore course with another restorative justice programme? (5.5.2)
Response
The Sycamore Tree programme was withdrawn nationally following review under the National Framework for Interventions, which sets evidence-based standards for all rehabilitative interventions. Both the internal panel and the Independent Correctional Service Advice and Accreditation Panel concluded that the programme did not meet the minimum threshold for approval. This decision was not linked to funding. HMPPS nonetheless recognises the valuable role played by Prison Fellowship in supporting those in custody and we look forward to continuing our partnership with them through activities outside the Sycamore Tree programme. At present there is no direct national replacement for Sycamore Tree, as programmes with a primary focus on victim empathy have not been shown to reduce reoffending. However, if prisons identify a gap in provision supported by population needs data, they may explore local options provided these meet the national standards set out in the policy framework. In the meantime, men at HMP/YOI Thorn Cross who wish to access restorative justice can apply through their offender managers, who will signpost them to appropriate services.
HMPPS Rejected
4 What is being done to reduce the number of men who arrive without their medication? (6.1.8)
Response
The expectation is that prisoners are transferred with at least a seven-day supply of medication, though this is not always possible in circumstances such as court transfers. All new arrivals are seen immediately by healthcare staff, who take action to address urgent medical needs. Where the process is not followed, an incident report is logged by healthcare and followed up appropriately.
HMPPS Implemented
5 A new building was almost complete when it had to be demolished because there were so many faults with it. What lessons have been learnt to prevent this happening again? (7.3.4) Repeated
Response
The original OMU building was demolished and rebuilt using alternative materials to prevent the issues previously experienced. This project caused avoidable inconvenience locally, delaying the move of the Offender Management Unit (OMU) into purpose-built accommodation and creating disruption to site operations and the surrounding community. To prevent recurrence, Technical Assurance teams now carry out more frequent visits and project meetings are held regularly to resolve challenges at an early stage. On completion, a comprehensive lessons-learned review will take place, including evaluation of multidisciplinary services, to strengthen future delivery.
HMPPS Implemented
6 What plans are there to introduce in-cell phones? (7.4.3)
Response
HMPPS intends to pilot the use of mobile PIN phones in parts of the open estate where in-cell telephony is not available, subject to senior approval. Locally, BT has upgraded hardware and software to improve call quality and HMP/YOI Thorn Cross continues to report and resolve any PIN phone issues promptly.
HMPPS In progress
7 How is the work of the unit for men serving long sentences to be evaluated? (5.1.2) Governor / Director
8 What plans are there to ensure there are adequate numbers of skilled cleaners? (5.1.4) Governor / Director
9 Are the current arrangements for prisoner consultation through consultative committees and the Queensland meeting as effective as they could be? (5.3.2) Governor / Director
10 What plans are there to increase the opening hours of the gym in the evenings and at weekends? (6.5.4) Governor / Director
11 What steps have been put in place to ensure that men are not incorrectly released? (7.3.3) Governor / Director

Applications to the IMB

CategoryCurrentPrevious
Accommodation, including laundry, clothing, ablutions 5 2
Canteen, facility list, catalogues 0 0
Discipline, including adjudications, incentives scheme, sanctions 0 0
Equality 0 0
Finance, including pay, private monies, spends 0 2
Food and kitchens 1 1
Health, including physical, mental, social care 1 4
Letters, visits, telephones, public protection, restrictions 0 5
Miscellaneous 0 0
Property during transfer or in another facility 4 2
Property within the establishment 1 0
Purposeful activity, including education, work, training, time out of cell 3 0
Sentence management, including HDC, ROTL, parole, release dates, re-categorisation 8 18
Staff/prisoner concerns, including bullying 0 1
Transfers 1 0

Related inspections & investigations

2 May 2023 HMIP · Unannounced Safety 4 · Respect 3 · Activity 4 · Release 4
PPO fatal incident Andrew Bullough · Natural causes
30 Jun 2019 PPO fatal incident Paul David Horrocks · Other non-natural
7 Oct 2018 PPO fatal incident Carl Russell · Homicide

Other reports for Thorn Cross

2024 Published 15 Aug 2024 · Self-harm 0 · Concerns
2023 Published 4 Aug 2023 · Self-harm 1 · Concerns
2022 Published 18 Jul 2022 · Self-harm 1 · Concerns
2021 Published 2 Sep 2021 · Self-harm 3 · Concerns
2020 Published 14 Jul 2020 · Self-harm 0 · Concerns

Report details

Establishment
Thorn Cross
Type
Prison · Cat open, YOI
Report year
2025
Published
18 July 2025
Responsible body
HMP Thorn Cross
Recommendations
11
MoJ rating (2024/25)
4 — Outstanding

Population

Operational capacity429

Service providers

Dental Services
Time for Teeth
Healthcare
Practice Plus Group
Mental Health
GMMH (Greater Manchester Mental Health)
Substance Misuse
Change, Grow, Live

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