Source · IMB Annual Report
Lincoln
Year: 2025
Published: 4 Nov 2025
Type: Prison · Cat B
Population: 654
Recommendations: 12
Key concerns
Positive findings
HMP Lincoln, a Category B reception and resettlement prison, held 654 prisoners at the end of the reporting period, slightly below its operational capacity of 664. The report highlights improvements in safety with the use of body scanners and a professional staff approach, yet notes significant increases in self-harm incidents (455, up from 277) and ACCTs opened (446, up from 351). Key concerns include persistent issues with building maintenance, healthcare waiting times, the management of IPP prisoners, and problems with prisoner property and cleanliness.
Safety statistics
| Indicator | This year | Previous |
|---|---|---|
| Deaths in custody | 5 | — |
| Self-harm incidents | 455 | 277 |
| ACCT cases opened | 446 | 351 |
| Prisoner assaults | 90 | 98 |
| Assaults on staff | 61 | 72 |
| Use of force | 706 | — |
| Drug finds | 141 | 241 |
Positive findings
The Board observed a high level of professionalism and care from staff and peer mentors, and notes that the use of body scanners has positively impacted safety by intercepting unauthorised items. Prisoners are generally treated fairly and with respect, with continued efforts to improve cleanliness and an emphasis on safety processes and individual care. The mental health team is available daily, and the Board views their wait times as acceptable. Significant work has also been done to reduce hepatitis and other blood-borne diseases through a successful weekly vaccine clinic.
Key concerns
Estate/Conditions
Repeated
The Board still remains concerned about the length of time taken and the subsequently poor quality of work undertaken when dealing with numerous repair and maintenance jobs across the establishment.
Healthcare
Repeated
Healthcare waiting times are unsatisfactory; some men continue to not be satisfied with the service provided. There continues to be a shortage of staff during this reporting period, for which they were working to fill the gaps.
Mental Health
Repeated
The Board still remains concerned about this issue: will the Minister speak to colleagues in the Department for Health and Social Care to improve prisoners’ timely access to specialist mental health facilities, where required?
Regime/Time Out of Cell
Repeated
As referenced in our previous annual report and whilst there have been significant changes in the recall process, there continues to be little tangible progress in the situation of IPP prisoners. What further changes does the Minister plan to make to ensure positive outcomes for IPP prisoners?
Resettlement/Release
Accommodation is important for the resettlement of prisoners. For those prisoners being released with no fixed abode (NFA), how is this being addressed?
Overcrowding
In order to maintain the significant gains made in safety, decency, and culture since 2019, can the planned increases in the operational capacity be monitored closely?
Education/Purposeful Activity
Lincoln Prison has an increasing transient population, and therefore it is difficult for prisoners to access and complete training opportunities to assist with reducing reoffending. Can sufficient time be given to complete these courses prior to transfer?
Other
Repeated
There continues to be a problem with prisoners’ property not always arriving in its entirety on completion of a transfer. Prisoners can face a long wait for their property, which sometimes contain personal memorabilia and legal documents relating to their situation and on occasions this goes missing. What work is being carried to address this issue?
Estate/Conditions
The Victorian infrastructure of the prison gives rise to problems surrounding the increasing numbers of frail older people, particularly those with dementia, end of life care and disabled prisoners. What provision is in hand to deal with this?
Food/Catering
It continues to be difficult to provide nutritional meals within the daily allowance. Are there any plans to increase this amount?
Estate/Conditions
Repeated
As in previous annual reports, the Board continues to have concerns about the length of time taken and the quality of work undertaken when dealing with the repair and maintenance jobs across the establishment. This year we include the delays to project work starting and then when the work starts, there are continued delays. What action will be taken to rectify this?
Estate/Conditions
Problems continue with the heating and hot water systems on the wings. What plans are in place to address the delays in preventative maintenance and repairs?
Estate/Conditions
Repeated
There is still a large amount of food waste and debris outside of the accommodation wings, having been thrown from the windows. Members of the Board have witnessed material being thrown from the windows. This detritus attracts both pigeons and vermin. The Board acknowledge that these areas are regularly cleaned, however they soon become soiled again very quickly. What action is being taken to better address this issue?
Other
Repeated
The problem around kit collection and distribution continues, with insufficient items in reception to cover until the first change on the wing. Can provision be made to ensure that adequate amounts of kit are available. Furthermore, can a system be devised to ensure that the laundry which is sent out from the wings matches that which is returned, in both condition and numbers?
Safety
The in-cell phones in the care and separation unit (CSU) had not been working for over one month, with no indication of a completion date.
Estate/Conditions
Rats continue to be a problem during this reporting period. Amey, the maintenance contractor, continues to request the necessity to bring the food being thrown out of the windows under control, to assist the action they take. However, no records have been produced to show the number of rats reported and how promptly any increase in rats has been addressed.
Staffing
Due to the essential duties needing to be covered for staff sickness and essential duties such as constant watch or bed watch, the key worker sessions have been regularly dropped both in the morning and/or the afternoon.
Recommendations
| # | Recommendation | Addressee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
The Board recommends that the Minister speaks to colleagues in the Department for Health and Social Care to improve prisoners’ timely access to specialist mental health facilities, where required.
Repeated
Response
I do understand the Board’s continued concerns about the timely transfer of prisoners to mental health facilities. I am pleased to say that the Mental Health Bill received Royal Assent on 18 December 2025. This introduces the statutory 28-day transfer limit to ensure timely transfers and prevent courts from detaining individuals with severe mental illness in prison as a place of safety. The Ministry of Justice is working closely with NHS England to support the national Mental Health and Justice Strategic Advisory Group which is focused on meeting the requirements of the legislation and will report directly to Parliament. The group will have oversight of the transfer process and brings together key partners to identify and deliver solutions to address common causes of delays. NHS-Led Provider Collaboratives for the Midlands also have newly developed action plans to accelerate prison transfers, which includes remodelling of bed capacity and care pathways as well as procurement of additional beds. Progress is being reported to the national group, and the Midlands Health and Justice Commissioning Team continues to engage with the commissioners and providers of secure mental health services bi-weekly to support the timely assessment and transfer of prisoners. I can also assure the Board that prisoners at HMP/YOI Lincoln who are awaiting a transfer to a secure facility receive daily welfare checks from a senior operational manager and healthcare staff, and multidisciplinary reviews take place to determine their individualised care plan. |
Ministry of Justice | In progress |
| 2 |
The Board recommends that the Minister outlines further changes to ensure positive outcomes for IPP prisoners.
Repeated
Response
I can also appreciate your ongoing frustrations about the progress of Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) prisoners. As the Board rightly recognises, the Victims and Prisoners Act 2024 introduced significant reforms, such as reducing the point where licence termination is considered and enabling quicker re-release when recalled to custody. As of 30 September 2025 the number of IPP prisoners in custody and those that had never been released before both reduced from the same point the year before. In 2024, which was most of your reporting year, the 619 recalls to custody were the lowest since 2017 and the 602 IPP re-releases following recall, were the highest recorded. We remain determined to support those serving IPP sentences towards release through a refreshed IPP Action Plan. This was published in the IPP Annual Report on 17 July 2025 and sets measurable targets to ensure transparency and accountability and confirms how we intend to go further. The action plan includes increasing access to Release on Temporary License and expanding the Approved Premises pilot to improve resettlement support. Whilst HMP/YOI Lincoln is not intended to hold IPP prisoners long term, aiming to transfer them to other prisoners that can better meet their needs, the prison is in the early stages of developing a team of keyworkers dedicated to Indeterminate Sentence Prisoners and those subject to IPP. Prison Offender Managers have also received additional training focused on this cohort and quarterly forums and multidisciplinary progression panels have been reinstated under the new policy introduced in July 2025 to ensure IPP prisoners are on the right progression pathway, with access to interventions, at the right time. |
Ministry of Justice | In progress |
| 3 |
The Board recommends that the Minister addresses the issue of accommodation for prisoners being released with no fixed abode (NFA).
Response
Regarding your concerns about the importance of securing accommodation on release, HM Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) is working with the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government and other government departments on the development of a new cross-government strategy to put us back on track to ending homelessness. Community Accommodation Service (CAS) 3 provision can provide transitional accommodation for up to 12 weeks for prison leavers and those moving on from CAS1 and CAS2, who are subject to probation supervision and would otherwise be homeless. There are also 50 Strategic Housing Specialists, based across England and Wales, one of which is based at HMP/YOI Lincoln. These work with local authorities and Homelessness Prevention Teams to develop and deliver a range of solutions that remove barriers to accommodation. One of these is pre-release panels, which aim to reduce the likelihood of homelessness on release and all the local authorities in the East Midlands are engaging in these. At HMP/YOI Lincoln, the risk of homelessness is identified on reception and referrals are made prior to release to ensure needs are considered by a Resettlement Board meeting, where possible, at 12 weeks, four weeks and one week before release. In addition, there is a duty to refer anyone who is at risk of becoming homeless to the Local Housing Authority of the person’s choice under the Homelessness Reduction Act 2017. |
Ministry of Justice | In progress |
| 4 |
The Board recommends that the planned increases in the operational capacity be monitored closely to maintain the significant gains made in safety, decency, and culture since 2019.
Response
Capacity is monitored closely by the East Midland Prison Group across all its prisons, with additional support offered where required for high levels of reception and discharges. At present, HMP/YOI Lincoln is operating at a temporarily reduced capacity due to fire safety improvement works scheduled until 2028. The Board can be assured that where capacity is increased in a prison, the national workforce planning team reviews the staffing offer and increases the resource as appropriate in line with national guidance. Whilst there are currently no plans for new build expansions at the prison, if this were proposed in future, impacts on safety, decency and regime delivery would be key considerations. It remains the case that the East Midlands Prison Group is confident that HMP/YOI Lincoln can effectively manage a changing staffing group with a high level of relatively new staff, but the regime and staffing profiles will be reviewed regularly. |
HMPPS | Accepted |
| 5 |
The Board recommends that sufficient time be given for prisoners, particularly those in the increasing transient population, to access and complete training opportunities to assist with reducing reoffending prior to transfer.
Response
There is no national directive requiring completion of educational or vocational training before a prisoner is transferred. However, The HMPPS Education Group works nationally with Heads of Education Skills and Work to ensure progression routes between prisons and within prisons are considered. The new Prison Education Service contract supports continuity of learning enabling a prisoner’s work to transfer with them, a list of common awarding organisations ensures all prisons use the same qualification exam boards, and the number of learning hours completed is tracked and monitored on a central IT system. HMP/YOI Lincoln’s Annual Delivery Plan has been designed to align courses with those commonly available in receiving prisons, as well as the local and national labour market needs. It is recognised that as a local reception prison, the primarily focus is on accommodating prisoners from courts, which may necessitate transferring prisoners to create space. The prison tries to delay moves until critical interventions are completed wherever possible to avoid mid-course transfers, but a minimum period of stay cannot be guaranteed. |
HMPPS | Partial |
| 6 |
The Board recommends that work is carried out to address the problem of prisoners’ property not always arriving in its entirety on completion of a transfer, which can lead to long waits or missing personal items and legal documents.
Repeated
Response
HMPPS has now considered carefully the IMB national thematic report on the impact of property loss on prisoners, and the thematic review by the Independent Prisoner Complaint Investigations of the property complaints they have received over the last five years. In considering the reports, consultation with prison staff took place and a revised version of the Prisoners’ Property Policy Framework was published on 17 November 2025. This includes additional guidance on the sending on of excess property, the handling of prisoners’ laundry and the correct completion of the cell clearance certificate, as these were identified as common areas of difficulty. In addition, HMPPS has reminded Governors and other senior leaders of key points around handling property, including the importance of prisoners complying with volumetric limits. Compliance with volumetric control remains of key importance, since property within those limits will be moved with the prisoner when they transfer by the Prisoner Escort and Custody Service supplier and is tracked digitally. Staff at HMP/YOI Lincoln, are trained to accurately log property and maintain an audit trail which is quality assured by the Reception Custody Manager. Where complaints do arise these are logged, tracked and reported to the Senior Management Team. HMPPS remains committed to improving the management of prisoners’ property and considers possible areas for improvement on an ongoing basis. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 7 |
The Board recommends that provision is put in hand to deal with the problems arising from the Victorian infrastructure for the increasing numbers of frail older people, particularly those with dementia, end of life care and disabled prisoners.
Response
It is recognised that there has been an increase in the number of older prisoners in custody in recent years. This has created some challenges for prisons due to the complex health and social care needs and the physical design of the prison estate. However, the new prison places being introduced across the estate are accessible by design and will significantly increase the number of cells adapted to the needs of those with mobility issues and physical disabilities. A strategy for older prisoners was also recommended by the recent Independent Sentencing Review, and as part of this strategy, how best to use the estate to support older prisoners across all prisons is being considered. Due to the age of HMP/YOI Lincoln, it was never designed for the current patient demographic. However, the prison has demonstrated its commitment to meeting the individual needs of older prisoners and works closely with the Local Authority Social Care Team to enable them to complete assessments, as local authorities are responsible for commissioning and delivering social care. Reasonable adaptations have been made to support frail, elderly, and disabled prisoners, including installing handrails in showers and cells. There are two disabled cells located on A and E Wings, a lift on A Wing to aid mobility and the care suite is utilised for those with long-term illnesses or disabilities. The Healthcare Provider works closely with the prison to arrange ‘open door policies’ for appropriate dementia patients, there is in-house neurodiversity support available, and a ‘buddy’ scheme to support older prisoners with daily tasks. Primary health care also provides an over 50’s health check and there is good support from Social Service in-reach teams and Marie Curie for end-of-life care. For prisoners with co-morbidities or complex conditions, these are regularly monitored and discussed at multidisciplinary meetings and if it is felt HMP/YOI Lincoln is unsuitable for them, all efforts are made to transfer them to a prison or other facility more able to meet their needs. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 8 |
The Board recommends that plans are made to increase the prisoner’s daily food allowance as providing nutritional meals is increasingly difficult.
Response
The new Food in Prisons Framework which was published in July 2025, prioritises nutrition and supports medical and specialist diets, and promotes dignity, wellbeing, and rehabilitation through food. Assurance visits are conducted by the HMPPS National Food Team to support prisons in areas such as prisoner consultation, reviewing menus, and monitoring food budgets and spending. Quarterly regional forums also bring together senior leaders and catering teams to address challenges being experienced, share best practice, and shape future decisions to improve prison food. At HMP/YOI Lincoln, cost-efficiency measures are being introduced aligned with new menus which are due to launch in February 2026. Healthier cooking methods, such as oven baking instead of frying and reduced oil have been successfully trialled for the new menu and weekly fresh produce sourced from HMP/YOI North Sea Camp is helping the prison to provide healthy food options. Feedback from prisoners will continue to be captured in comments books that are available on each wing and to address portion control concerns, meal services are being monitored with the kitchen manager conducting quality assurance checks. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 9 |
The Board recommends action is taken to rectify the length of time taken and the quality of work undertaken when dealing with numerous repair and maintenance jobs across the establishment, including delays to project work starting and then continued delays when work begins.
Repeated
Response
Any delays in carrying out routine maintenance are managed via the contract escalation process with delays reviewed at a monthly tripartite meeting between the Facilities Management (FM) provider, MoJ Property Operations Management and the Governor. The FM provider has instigated a programme to reduce the number of outstanding work orders and this is having a positive impact with the total number reduced by over 50%. Planned and reactive maintenance continues to be monitored via a monthly validation process and any urgent requests are escalated immediately with the FM provider. A Green Route Approval process is also in place allowing the FM provider to carry out maintenance tasks without the need for approval that are business critical or would result in a breach of health and safety, security or other legislation if not carried out. Fire Safety work, which includes upgrades to the cell call and general alarm systems, commenced on site in February 2025 and is progressing as planned. A plant room legionella mitigation project is awaiting final quotes and is scheduled for completion by the end of the current financial year. The prison has also seconded a Custodial Manager to the MoJ Projects Team as a dedicated single point of contact to ensure the smooth coordination of logistics to maintain prison safety, security, and minimising regime disruption. In addition, bids have been made for three major projects which are a site-wide cell window replacement, high-voltage upgrade, and secondary site-wide pipe replacement. These three projects are being considered for funding in future financial years as HMPPS must prioritise works very carefully to make best use of that funding, focusing on risk to life and risk to capacity and decency. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 10 |
The Board recommends that plans are put in place to address the ongoing problems with heating and hot water systems on the wings and to address the delays in preventative maintenance and repairs.
Response
It is recognised that the heating and hot water system continues to rely on temporary boilers pending completion of a replacement project of all primary heat delivery which has commenced but is not expected to be completed until approximately 2028. Contingency measures do include portable heaters being deployed where appropriate and safe to do so. However, the prison has established robust arrangements with the FM provider, who is responsible for the maintenance of the temporary boiler systems, to attend the prisons daily briefings to allow issues to be escalated promptly and ensure these are prioritised and restored as soon as is practicable. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 11 | The Board recommends that better action is taken to address the issue of a large amount of food waste and debris outside the accommodation wings, which attracts both pigeons and vermin. Repeated | Governor / Director | |
| 12 | The Board recommends that provision is made to ensure adequate amounts of kit are available for those arriving in reception, and an effective system is devised to ensure the laundry sent out from the wings matches that which is returned, in both condition and numbers. Repeated | Governor / Director |
Applications to the IMB
| Category | Current | Previous |
|---|---|---|
| Accommodation (including transfers) | 59 | 26 |
| Canteen | 40 | 46 |
| Discipline | 4 | 11 |
| Family contact | 6 | 5 |
| Finance | 12 | 11 |
| Food | 1 | 0 |
| Healthcare | 85 | 52 |
| Other | 187 | 207 |
| Property (including property on transfer) | 83 | 71 |
| Staff conduct | 3 | 2 |
| Total applications to the IMB | 491 | 491 |
| Work/education/activities | 11 | 11 |
Related inspections & investigations
Other reports for Lincoln
Report details
- Establishment
- Lincoln
- Type
- Prison · Cat B
- Report year
- 2025
- Published
- 4 November 2025
- Responsible body
- HMP Lincoln
- Recommendations
- 12
- MoJ rating (2024/25)
- 2 — Concern
Population
| Population | 654 |
| Operational capacity | 664 |
Service providers
Cleaning
Amey
Education
PeoplePlus
Escort contractor
GEOAmey
Food and Catering
Aramark
Healthcare
Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
Laundry
DHL