Select Committee · Education Committee

Children’s social care

Status: Closed Opened: 22 Nov 2024 Closed: 2 Feb 2026 14 recommendations 64 conclusions 1 report

In December 2023, the previous Education Committee began an important inquiry into the state of children's social care in England. Unfortunately, this work was interrupted by the General Election and the dissolution of Parliament on 30 May 2024, which meant all select committees were disbanded. Recognising the critical nature of this subject, the new Education …

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
4th Report - Children’s social care HC 430 10 Jul 2025 78 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

78 items
1 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Children’s social care problems persist and worsen without comprehensive reform following the Independent Review.

Evidence given to the Committee during our inquiry indicates that many of the problems highlighted by the Independent Review of Children’s Social Care in 2022 persist, and in a significant number of cases have worsened since the Review. Increases in need coupled with stretched budgets and a lack of serious …

Government response. The government acknowledges the committee's findings on the rising need, costs, and poor outcomes in children's social care. It states it is taking urgent action through substantial investment, new legislation, and the Families First Partnership Programme.
Department for Education
2 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Require Department for Education to issue comprehensive response to Children’s Social Care Review by year-end.

By the end of this year, the Department for Education must issue a comprehensive response to the Independent Review of Children’s Social Care which was published over three years ago. This should set out which recommendations have already been taken forward and a timeline and funding estimate for those which …

Government response. The government commits over £2 billion over the current spending review period, including £1.57 billion for the Families First Partnership Programme rolling out from April 2025, and will update Parliament on implementation plans and timelines for legislative and non-legislative reforms.
Department for Education
3 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Care-experienced young people's voices vital and require broader inclusion across government levels.

We were privileged to hear powerful and insightful evidence from care-experienced young people in this inquiry, and their voices have informed many of the conclusions and recommendations in this report. We are pleased that the Department is regularly hearing from care- experienced young people in its reform programme and would …

Government response. The government details its existing mechanisms for engaging care-experienced young people, including the Children and Young People Board and regular meetings with Ministers, and highlights local authorities' duties to seek feedback.
Department for Education
4 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Ensure care-experienced young people's full engagement and involvement in social care accountability mechanisms.

The Department should ensure that it is engaging with care-experienced young people in all areas of its work on children’s social care and should encourage local authorities to do the same. The Department for Education, 82 Ofsted and the Care Quality Commission should ensure that care- experienced young people are …

Government response. The government details its existing mechanisms for engaging care-experienced young people, including the Children and Young People Board and Ministerial meetings, and highlights existing local authority duties and Ofsted practices in inspections.
Department for Education
5 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Early intervention funding remains insufficient despite welcome grants, requiring urgent additional resources.

The Government’s focus on early intervention is the right one and long overdue. The additional £270 million provided through the Children’s Social Care Prevention Grant is welcome but falls far short of the £1.2 billion that has been removed from early intervention services since 2012, an even greater gap in …

Government response. The government details substantial new and continued funding commitments for prevention and early intervention, including a £300 million increase for the Families First Partnership Programme and a total £555 million investment, directly addressing the need for further resources. It also …
Department for Education
6 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted in Part

Commit to making Families First permanent and restore early intervention funding to 2010 levels.

The Department for Education must commit to making the Families First Partnership programme permanent if it demonstrates a positive impact. The Government must ensure that a significant majority of the new funding announced in the Spending Review is allocated to early intervention programmes and, in future, work towards bringing the …

Government response. The government commits to increasing funding for the Families First Partnership Programme by £300 million over two years (2026-28), continuing £523 million investment annually until 2028-29, and allocating an additional £18 million for 2025-26, with grant conditions ensuring use for …
Department for Education
7 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Publish annual data on children's social care funding allocated to early intervention programmes.

The Department for Education and the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government should publish annual data on the proportion of children’s social care funding allocated to early intervention programmes compared with later-stage interventions so that progress on this can be monitored. (Recommendation, Paragraph 20)

Government response. The government states that DfE already publishes statistics on non-Children Looked After spending on its Children’s social care dashboard, providing data to compare early and later-stage interventions, and proposes to use this metric in a new Local Government Outcomes Framework.
Department for Education
8 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Monitor and report on family group decision-making impact, considering extension to earlier stages.

We welcome the Department’s commitment to working with domestic abuse charities when developing its guidance for family group decision-making (FGDM). The Department should monitor the impact of the new requirement and, after one year, report back to this Committee as to whether FGDM should be extended to an earlier stage …

Government response. The government commits to continue developing best practice guidance for Family Group Decision-Making (FGDM) and to monitor its impact through the Families First Partnership Programme's oversight arrangements and annual local authority data collection after the new legal duty commences.
Department for Education
9 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Rejected

Clarify specific family group decision-making model within statutory guidance for consistent practice.

The Department should clarify the specific model of FGDM in statutory guidance to ensure that best practice is followed in all local authorities. (Recommendation, Paragraph 22)

Government response. The government states it does not prescribe a specific model of Family Group Decision Making (FGDM), leaving the decision to local authorities, but will provide general statutory and best practice guidance to support delivery.
Department for Education
10 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Rising care numbers demand cross-departmental action to address external contributing factors.

The pressure caused by rising numbers of children coming into care is putting serious strain on the system. The only way to effectively reduce these numbers is to address the factors outside the care system which are contributing to this demand, including poverty, poor parental mental health, the number of …

Government response. The government states its commitment to reducing children in care through investment in family help and preventative services. It also details new market management measures via the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill and pledges to work across government on sufficiency, …
Department for Education
11 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Social security reforms risk increasing child poverty; delayed strategy hinders scrutiny.

We are deeply concerned about the Government’s planned reforms to social security set out in the Green Paper Pathways to Work: Reforming Benefits and Support to Get Britain Working, which are set to drive up child poverty and will further increase pressure on the care system. We are also concerned …

Government response. The government acknowledges the concern about child poverty, confirms its Child Poverty Strategy will be published in the autumn, and explains the rationale and consultation process for the Pathways to Work proposals, stating no decisions have been made yet.
Department for Education
12 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Develop comprehensive strategy for children at risk of extra-familial harm, including professional training.

The Department for Education must put in place a strategy for supporting children and young people at risk of extra-familial harm. This should include: better training for professionals to spot and respond to extra- familial risks; ensuring that young people and their families know where to go to access support; …

Government response. The government outlines a multi-pronged strategy including updated statutory guidance, multi-agency Practice Principles, embedding reforms through the Families First Partnership Programme, committing to specialist training for professionals, and strengthening multi-agency working through the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill.
Department for Education
13 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Require Government to implement bold Child Poverty Strategy to significantly reduce children's financial hardship.

We urge the Government to be bold in its upcoming Child Poverty Strategy and take wide-ranging action to reverse this trend and significantly reduce the number of children growing up in financial hardship. (Recommendation, Paragraph 29)

Government response. The government will publish a Child Poverty Strategy in autumn and is already undertaking several specific actions, including expanding Free School Meals, investing in social care and housing, and extending the Holiday Activities and Food (HAF) Programme, to address child …
Department for Education
14 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Mandate DWP to involve disabled children, young carers, and care leavers in Timms Review.

Following the changes agreed to the Universal Credit and Personal Independence Payment Bill on 1 July 2025, we recommend that the Department for Work and Pensions ensures the involvement of organisations working with disabled children, young carers and care leavers in the co- production of the Timms Review. (Recommendation, Paragraph …

Government response. The government commits to concluding the Timms Review by autumn 2026 and to involving disabled people and their organisations. While planning how to best engage disabled children, young carers, and care leavers, the specifics of their co-production are still being …
Department for Education
15 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Additional funding for children's social care welcomed, but full implementation funding gap remains.

We warmly welcome the additional funding for children’s social care and capital investment in children’s homes announced at the recent Spending Review, which will be an important step forward in working towards the amount recommended by the Independent Review of Children’s Social Care. It would now be helpful for the …

Government response. The government states it is investing over £2 billion in children's social care reform this parliament, meeting the funding level recommended by the Independent Review, and will continue to monitor implementation.
Department for Education
16 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Not Addressed

Produce DfE analysis of funding needed for children's social care reforms and implementation plan.

The Department for Education should produce an analysis of the level of funding that is still needed to achieve the necessary reforms to children’s social care and set out how it will work towards achieving the level of funding recommended by the Independent Review of Children’s Social Care. (Recommendation, Paragraph …

Government response. The government did not commit to producing an analysis of needed funding or setting out how it will work towards achieving the recommended level, instead stating they are already investing the recommended amount.
Department for Education
17 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Out-of-area placements traumatise children, despite some local authorities limiting numbers.

Too many children are being sent many miles from home, which has a traumatic and lasting impact on their lives. We were saddened to hear that a care-experienced young person had chosen not to pursue higher education as a direct result of being placed out of area. However, there are …

Government response. The government acknowledges the concern about out-of-area placements, outlining investments in family help and new market management measures through the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill, with further details on sufficiency to be published.
Department for Education
18 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Data on reasons for out-of-area placements is essential for understanding and change.

We disagree with the Department’s view that data on the reasons for out- of-area placements are not needed. While data collection itself may not directly lead to improvements, it is essential to fully understand the nature and scale of the problem in order to effect meaningful change. (Conclusion, Paragraph 45)

Government response. The government agrees with the importance of data for out-of-area placements and commits to improving the evidence base by collecting data on the reasons for such placements, focusing on consistent, timely, and robust collection to distinguish between interest-based and capacity-driven …
Department for Education
19 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Rejected

Publish national children's social care sufficiency strategy and mandate local out-of-area placement reduction plans.

The Department for Education must publish a national sufficiency strategy for children’s social care as a matter of urgency and publish data on the extent to which sufficiency requirements are being met on an annual basis. It should also require all local authorities to develop and publish strategies for reducing …

Government response. The government rejects publishing a national sufficiency strategy, stating that local authorities are best placed for sufficiency planning. Instead, they are supporting regional collaboration through Regional Care Cooperatives and investing £560 million to expand local authority placements.
Department for Education
20 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Collect DfE data distinguishing out-of-area child placements by reasons of interest versus capacity.

The Department for Education should collect data on the proportion of children who are placed out of area because it is in their own interests compared with those placed out of area due to capacity issues, so that the situation can be properly monitored and any improvements can be recognised. …

Government response. The government accepts the recommendation, committing to improving the evidence base and collecting data on the reasons for out-of-area placements, specifically distinguishing between those made in a child’s best interests and those due to capacity issues.
Department for Education
21 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Children's social care market is failing due to excessive profits and provider financial risk.

The children’s social care market is not delivering for children or for local authorities. We are particularly concerned at the reports of excessive profits being made by some providers and the risk of financial failure among large providers. We hope that the reforms set out in the Children’s Wellbeing and …

Government response. The government accepts the committee's conclusion, outlining actions to address market failures, including giving Ofsted greater powers, establishing accountability mechanisms for providers, strengthening financial oversight, and committing to cap profits if profiteering continues.
Department for Education
22 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Proposed social care profit cap lacks parliamentary scrutiny and transparency.

The proposed profit cap has the potential to be a useful tool for the Department if needed, but we do not think it is acceptable for the Department to introduce this significant intervention in the market with 85 only limited opportunities for parliamentary scrutiny and no transparency around how and …

Government response. The government addresses concerns about scrutiny and transparency of the profit cap, stating it would be introduced via secondary legislation and transparency regulations, both subject to parliamentary scrutiny, and notes a technical consultation on the powers has been published.
Department for Education
23 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Consult fully with the sector and consider geography for effective future Regional Care Co-operatives.

We are supportive of the move towards regional commissioning but note that the model of Regional Care Co-operatives (RCCs) being implemented has yet to be evaluated or proven to work. When developing any further RCCs, the Department for Education must consult fully with the sector and pay careful attention to …

Government response. The government accepts the recommendation, agreeing that further RCCs should be informed by local context and strong engagement with stakeholders, committing to a collaborative and iterative approach based on rigorous evaluation and continuous feedback.
Department for Education
24 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Set out plan to monitor children's social care market reforms and update Parliament annually.

The Department for Education should set out how it will monitor the impact of its reforms to the children’s social care market and commit to updating Parliament on an annual basis on the impact they are having. (Recommendation, Paragraph 59)

Government response. The government commits to closely monitoring the impact of its children's social care market reforms, updating Parliament on their progress in the usual way, and sharing formal evaluation reports with the Committee as they are published.
Department for Education
25 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Consult fully with regional organisations on RCC boundaries and ensure local authority flexibility.

If and when any further Regional Care Co-operatives are developed, the Department for Education must consult fully with relevant individuals and organisations in the region, particularly as to the areas covered by the proposed RCC. In cases where there is significant overlap in work between the areas within an RCC …

Government response. The government accepts the recommendation, agreeing that further RCCs should be informed by local context and strong engagement, committing to a collaborative, flexible, and iterative approach based on evaluation and feedback to ensure RCCs meet diverse local needs.
Department for Education
26 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Assess necessity of a profit cap for children's social care providers and consult Committee.

The Department for Education must set out how it will assess whether a profit cap on children’s social care providers is necessary. If the Department decides to introduce a profit cap, it must consult this Committee on the draft regulations before they are laid before Parliament. (Recommendation, Paragraph 61) The …

Government response. The government commits to assessing the necessity of a profit cap only if other market interventions fail, by monitoring profit levels, market state, and placement data. It also commits to consulting the Committee on draft regulations should a profit cap …
Department for Education
27 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Severe shortage of foster carers exacerbated by inadequate support and undervalued work.

The shortage of foster carers is a key cause in the crisis in the supply of placements for children in care, with an additional 6,500 fostering families needed. Yet too many prospective foster carers do not complete the application and approval process, and those who do find themselves left with …

Government response. The government accepts the committee's conclusion, committing to significant investment of £25 million through the Transformation Fund for recruitment and retention, capital investment for foster carer homes, and developing a national Foster Care Statement of Expectations to improve support and …
Department for Education
28 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Positive innovations and good practice, including Mockingbird model, support foster carers.

There are many positive examples of innovation and good practice in local authorities to support foster carers. In particular, we heard clear support for the Mockingbird model and were interested to hear of the Room Makers scheme to enable carers to renovate and expand their homes. We 86 welcome the …

Government response. The government reiterates its commitment to supporting foster carers, investing £25 million via the Transformation Fund for recruitment and retention, capital investment for homes (related to the Room Makers scheme), and developing a national Foster Care Statement of Expectations.
Department for Education
29 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Establish a national fostering strategy, consult on national register, and review financial support.

The Department for Education must put in place a national fostering strategy to complement the existing strategies for adoption and kinship care. As part of this, it should consult on introducing a national register of foster carers and review the financial support available to ensure that it is adequate to …

Government response. The government is considering a national register of foster carers and will engage stakeholders, but has not committed to introducing one. They state they already annually review and uplift the National Minimum Allowance for foster carers, and do not explicitly …
Department for Education
30 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Fund Mockingbird constellations and align housing policy to boost foster carer recruitment.

The Department for Education should fund the planned recruitment hubs to set up Mockingbird constellations in every local authority. The Department should work with the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government to ensure that housing policy is designed to support the recruitment of foster carers. This should include: investing …

Government response. The government states that existing social housing allocation schemes already allow councils to prioritise foster carers for larger homes and that capital funding supports renovations for foster care homes. They do not commit to funding Mockingbird recruitment hubs or specifically …
Department for Education
31 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Not Addressed

Crucial sibling relationships for children in care unprotected due to lack of separation data.

Sibling relationships are crucial for many children in care and, for some, may be the only family relationships they have. They must be protected and supported as much as possible. The lack of any data on the extent of sibling separation makes it difficult to understand the main causes of …

Government response. The government response cuts off mid-sentence and does not engage with the committee's concern about the lack of data on sibling separation in care.
Department for Education
32 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Strengthen legislation for sibling contact, collect and annually publish data on separation.

The Department should strengthen the legislation relating to sibling contact to ensure that children in care are placed with siblings whenever it is in their best interests, and that where they cannot be placed together, regular contact between siblings is facilitated and sustained. The Department should collect data on sibling …

Government response. The Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill will place a duty on local authorities to assess sibling relationships and support contact or placement together. The department is exploring options for collecting data on sibling separation and contact.
Department for Education
33 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Kinship care is essential, but carers require adequate financial and employment support.

Kinship care is an essential part of the care system and the evidence is clear that children in kinship care have an overall better experience than children in other types of care. We welcome the Department for Education’s focus on kinship care, but this must be underpinned by the right …

Government response. The government committed to delivering a Kinship Financial Allowance Pilot as part of a larger £555 million investment and stated it is continuing to invest £40 million to support kinship care.
Department for Education
34 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Ensure kinship allowance pilot provides financial support equivalent to foster carers.

In its upcoming pilot of a kinship allowance, the Department for Education should ensure that the financial support is on a par with that given to foster carers. It must evaluate the pilot at the earliest opportunity and roll it out across the country once it has proven to be …

Government response. The government will launch a £40 million pilot kinship allowance in autumn 2025, providing support to 5,000 children at the same rate as foster care. The pilot will be independently evaluated concurrently, and findings will inform future national rollout decisions.
Department for Education
35 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Legislate for statutory kinship leave, ensuring equal entitlements to adoptive parents.

It was a missed opportunity not to include statutory kinship leave in the recent Employment Rights Bill. The Government should ensure that entitlements to kinship leave are included in its forthcoming review of the parental leave system and legislate for this at the earliest opportunity. As part of the review, …

Government response. The government commits to including kinship carers in its review of the parental leave system, considering whether support meets their needs, but does not commit to legislating for statutory kinship leave. They also highlight existing employer guidance and their own …
Department for Education
36 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Rejected

Extend Pupil Premium Plus and priority school admissions to all kinship care children.

The Department for Education should extend Pupil Premium Plus funding and priority school admissions to all children who meet the new statutory definition of living in kinship care. (Recommendation, Paragraph 85)

Government response. The government rejects extending Pupil Premium Plus funding and priority school admissions to all children in kinship care, citing limited evidence and a lack of national data. They are, however, exploring collecting this data for future policy development.
Department for Education
37 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Adopted children's early trauma impact on education receives insufficient recognition and support.

There is too little recognition of the impact of the early trauma and separation experienced by adopted children, and of the support they need to thrive in education and beyond, with over half of adopted children feeling that they didn’t receive the support they needed at school. (Conclusion, Paragraph 92)

Government response. The government acknowledges the importance of supporting adopted children, highlighting its commitment to the £50 million Adoption and Special Guardianship Support Fund (ASGSF), which is confirmed until 2026-27, and an £8.8 million investment in Adoption England for new support plans.
Department for Education
38 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Review educational support for adopted and previously looked-after children, including statutory framework.

The Department for Education should review the educational support available to adopted children, assessing the impact of the extension of policies to previously looked-after children and whether any further extensions are needed. This review should include: the introduction of a statutory framework for previously looked-after children; requiring local authorities to …

Government response. The government will issue updated statutory guidance for Virtual School Heads and designated teachers, providing a clear framework and updated sections on previously looked-after children. However, it will not extend VSHs' statutory duties beyond advisory at this stage.
Department for Education
39 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Uncertainty surrounds Adoption and Special Guardianship Support Fund continuation and reduced funding limits.

It is unacceptable that the continuation of the Adoption and Special Guardianship Support Fund was not announced until 1 April 2025, leaving families and children uncertain about the future of their support. We also note many concerns about the new funding limits and the impact this will have on children …

Government response. The government confirmed the Adoption and Special Guardianship Support Fund (ASGSF) will continue for 2026-27 and will monitor the impact of recent funding limit changes. It highlighted existing investments and the rollout of an Adoption Support Plan, but provided no …
Department for Education
40 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted in Part

Make Adoption and Special Guardianship Support Fund permanent; consult on a support plan.

The Department must end the annual cliff-edge of uncertainty faced by adoptive families and make funding for the Adoption and Special Guardianship Support Fund permanent. It should monitor the impact of the reduced funding limits after 12 months of the reduced personal limit and engage with organisations representing adoptive families …

Government response. The government confirmed the ASGSF will continue until 2026-27, not permanently, and will monitor funding limit impacts but without committing to increasing limits. It noted a new Adoption Support Plan rollout, but not a consultation on a plan with appropriate …
Department for Education
41 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

High-quality residential care is essential, requiring improved workforce recruitment and training.

We agree that, for most children, a focus on supporting them to live in a family setting is the right one; however, this should not come at the expense of developing and maintaining high-quality residential care for children who need it. We urge the Department for Education to focus on …

Government response. The government details multiple steps to improve the children's home workforce, including improving the manager registration process, using workforce data to understand challenges, exploring capital funding for provision, and committing to review qualifications, standards, and training access for the sector.
Department for Education
42 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Ensure all children's homes are led by registered managers; launch recruitment campaign.

The Department for Education must ensure that all children’s homes are led by a registered manager and set out the steps it intends to take to achieve this. Additionally, it should launch a recruitment campaign to raise the profile of residential care staff and encourage more entrants into the sector. …

Government response. The government stated it is already a legal requirement for children's homes to have registered managers and is improving the registration process. While acknowledging the need to raise the profile of residential care roles, it is still exploring data and …
Department for Education
43 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Review children's home staff qualifications and introduce minimum standards for residential childcare workers.

The Department should use its children’s home workforce census to review the levels of qualifications currently held by residential staff. It should also consult on introducing minimum qualification standards for residential childcare workers and work with local authorities to assess what initial action can be taken to upskill the existing …

Government response. The government has committed to reviewing qualifications, standards, and access to training for the children’s homes workforce in consultation with the sector.
Department for Education
44 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted in Part

Unacceptable placement of vulnerable children in unsuitable homes, requiring full care provision for all.

It is unacceptable that vulnerable children are being placed in unsuitable homes such as barges and caravans with little or no support. The new regulatory and inspection regime is an important step in the right direction, but the Department for Education needs to go further and ensure that all children …

Government response. The government agrees unsuitable settings are unacceptable and points to existing Quality Standards, but states it is focusing on updating out-dated National Minimum Standards and working with Ofsted on inspection reform, rather than developing a single universal set of standards …
Department for Education
45 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Rejected

Develop universal standards of care applicable to all children's homes, including supported accommodation.

The Department for Education must follow the recommendation of the Independent Review of Children’s Social Care and develop universal standards of care that apply to all homes, including supported accommodation, ensuring that children in all settings receive care where they live. (Recommendation, Paragraph 105)

Government response. The government rejected the recommendation to develop a single universal set of standards, stating it is instead focusing on updating outdated National Minimum Standards and aligning them with more recently developed ones.
Department for Education
46 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted in Part

Serious recruitment and retention problems in children's social care workforce require wholesale review.

There is a serious problem with recruitment and retention in the social care workforce. High turnover and overstretched staff are exacerbating the instability experienced by children in care and increase the risk of 89 safeguarding concerns being overlooked. The Department for Education has begun to address this with the planned …

Government response. The government recognises the importance of the social care workforce and outlines several ongoing initiatives to improve recruitment, retention, and training, including gathering evidence and shaping future workforce support through the Families First Partnership Programme, and reviewing qualifications for residential …
Department for Education
47 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Develop comprehensive workforce strategy to improve recruitment, retention, and training across children's social care.

The Department for Education should develop a workforce strategy for children’s social care setting out how it will improve recruitment, retention and training across the children’s social care workforce, including social workers, residential care workers, personal advisers, educational psychologists, health visitors, and personal assistants. This should include measures such as …

Government response. The government acknowledged the importance of the workforce and described ongoing initiatives like the Families First Partnership Programme, graduate training, and reviews of post-qualifying standards and residential care qualifications. However, it did not commit to developing an overarching workforce strategy …
Department for Education
48 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Mental health support for children in care is currently falling far short of needs.

Children in care have experienced trauma, abuse and neglect, and they are over four times more likely to suffer from emotional or mental health problems than their peers. It is therefore essential that there is a strong system in place to support them. Currently, the support available is falling far …

Government response. The government recognises the critical need for mental health support, detailing commitments to pilot multi-disciplinary approaches in 2025-26, review and update statutory guidance on health and wellbeing for looked-after children, expand the mental health workforce by 8,500 staff, and fund …
Department for Education
49 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Prioritise mental health support for children in care and pilot co-located CAMHS services.

The Department for Education should work with the Department of Health and Social Care to ensure that children in care and care leavers are prioritised for mental health support and improve training for mental health practitioners on the impact of trauma. This could be achieved by setting up co-located mental …

Government response. The government is piloting a multi-disciplinary approach in the South-East in 2025-26 to inform future pilots, including potential co-located mental health services. It is also reviewing statutory guidance on promoting the health and wellbeing of looked-after children to improve mental …
Department for Education
50 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Strengthen the role of mental health in health assessments for children in care.

The Department for Education and the Department of Health and Social Care should take forward this Committee’s recommendation to strengthen the role of mental health and emotional wellbeing in health assessments of children in care, ensuring that there is proper, effective accountability for meeting the current requirements. (Recommendation, Paragraph 122)

Government response. The government is reviewing and updating statutory guidance on promoting the health and wellbeing of looked-after children, specifically to strengthen the role of mental health in health assessments and ensure clearer accountability.
Department for Education
51 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Too few children, especially disabled, access entitled independent advocacy support in care.

It is essential that children in care have a voice when important decisions are being made about their lives. Currently, too few children are accessing the advocacy support they are entitled to, with an average referral rate of just 5% across local authorities. It is also essential that disabled children …

Government response. The government committed to introducing new National Standards for Advocacy for Children and Young People and revised statutory guidance in 2025, including new standards on non-instructed advocacy and safeguarding.
Department for Education
52 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Introduce opt-out independent advocacy for all children in care, including disabled children.

The Department for Education must take forward the recommendation of the Independent Review of Children’s Social Care to introduce an opt-out model of independent advocacy for all children in care. It must also act 90 on the Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel’s recommendation for all children with disabilities and complex …

Government response. The government will introduce new National Standards for Advocacy for Children and Young People and revised statutory guidance in 2025, including new standards on non-instructed advocacy and safeguarding.
Department for Education
53 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Effective reunification with birth families positively supports children leaving care.

When done carefully and effectively, reunification of children with their birth families can be a positive way of supporting children to leave care. (Conclusion, Paragraph 132)

Government response. The government highlighted its £500 million investment in Family Help and multi-agency child protection, which is expected to support safe family reunification. It also committed to publishing a practice guide for reunification in summer 2026, building on existing regulations.
Department for Education
54 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Evaluate existing reunification practices and publish national guidance based on local authority good practice.

The Department for Education should evaluate existing reunification practice and publish national guidance on reunification, drawing on the good practice that already exists in many local authorities. (Recommendation, Paragraph 133) Disabled children’s care

Government response. The government has commissioned Foundations to develop a practice guide for reunification, due to be published in summer 2026. It also notes that existing regulations already provide direction and believes whole system change will have a greater impact than additional …
Department for Education
55 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Disabled children are overlooked in social care, lacking access to essential short breaks.

Too often, disabled children are overlooked in the social care system. Parents struggle to understand and access the support available and face a confusing “postcode lottery” of support between local authorities. There is an urgent need to improve access to short breaks, respite care and holiday provision; it is unacceptable …

Government response. The government referenced an existing 2011 statutory duty on local authorities to provide short breaks and noted that a Short Breaks Innovation Programme concluded in March 2025, with a report due in autumn 2025. It largely described existing frameworks and …
Department for Education
56 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Deferred

Address inappropriate assessment processes for disabled children’s parents and implement Law Commission proposals.

It is deeply concerning to hear that parents of disabled children are being treated with suspicion and undergoing inappropriate assessment processes when reaching out for help. The Department for Education must address this as an urgent priority and ensure that it fully implements the Law Commission’s proposals relating to assessment …

Government response. The government deferred action, stating it would follow its protocol for responding to the Law Commission's upcoming report within six months for an interim response and one year for a full response, outlining which recommendations it accepts or rejects.
Department for Education
57 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Deferred

Set out clear implementation plan for Law Commission's disabled children's social care proposals.

The Department for Education must set out how it will implement the proposals in the Law Commission’s review of disabled children’s social care no later than two months following the publication of the review, which is expected shortly. This should include a clear timeframe and assessment of any spending required …

Government response. The government will follow its protocol with the Law Commission, providing an interim response within six months and a full response within one year of the review's publication, outlining accepted/rejected recommendations and implementation timescales if applicable.
Department for Education
58 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Deferred

Introduce national eligibility criteria for disabled children’s social care and communicate to families.

The Department should introduce national eligibility criteria for disabled children’s social care and ensure that local authorities are clearly communicating these to families. (Recommendation, Paragraph 144)

Government response. The government deferred the introduction of national eligibility criteria, stating it is awaiting recommendations from the Law Commission and will assess reforms and set out plans in due course after their submission.
Department for Education
59 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Conduct review of disabled children’s short breaks availability and fund local authority provision.

The Department should conduct a review of the availability of short breaks, respite care and holiday provision for disabled children to understand where the shortages are most acute. It should work with the Ministry of Housing, 91 Communities and Local Government to fund local authorities to be able to offer …

Government response. The government states local authorities already have a statutory duty to provide short breaks and fund them via core budgets. It also mentions a past innovation programme and that a report on lessons learned will be published in autumn 2025, …
Department for Education
60 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Ensure specialist disabled children workforce inclusion in strategy and review social worker training.

The Department should ensure that the specialist workforce for disabled children is included in the children’s social care workforce strategy that we have recommended. The Department must review the training provided to children and families social workers and ensure that social workers are being adequately trained in the specific needs …

Government response. The government is supporting the children's social care workforce, including through the Families First Partnership Programme for training pathways. It has also consulted on new post-qualifying standards and induction support focusing on practice areas like working with disabled children and …
Department for Education
61 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Child protection reforms welcomed, requiring careful monitoring and better data on abuse prevalence.

The Department for Education’s reforms to child protection through the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill are welcome and go some way towards alleviating many of the concerns we have heard in this inquiry. There will be a need for careful testing and monitoring to assess the impact they are having …

Government response. The government is collaborating with the ONS to develop the Safety During Childhood survey, piloting it in 2025-26 with results expected late 2026-2027, to gather better data on child safety and abuse. They are also discussing future funding and will …
Department for Education
62 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Establish clear processes for reviewing and escalating multi-agency child safeguarding disagreements.

Multi-agency working is crucial in child safeguarding processes. Where there is disagreement between children’s social care and other agencies such as health, police and education on a safeguarding matter, there must be clear processes in place to review and escalate concerns providing a clear line of accountability and decision-making. (Recommendation, …

Government response. The government affirms that clear escalation processes are essential, citing existing frameworks like 'Working Together to Safeguard Children 2023'. They also highlight new Multi-Agency Child Protection Teams being introduced via the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill and funding for National …
Department for Education
63 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Make funding available for a national survey on different types of child abuse and neglect.

The Department for Education should make funding available for a national survey on the prevalence of the different types of abuse and neglect, to improve its understanding of these issues and inform the development of future policy interventions. (Recommendation, Paragraph 156)

Government response. The government will continue working with ONS and other bodies to explore further opportunities to strengthen the evidence base on abuse and neglect, without committing to funding a national survey.
Department for Education
64 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Rising child neglect linked to poverty lacks clear DfE strategy and social care response.

Neglect is sadly on the rise in England and is clearly linked to poverty and poor parental mental health. The Department for Education does not appear to have a clear strategy for addressing neglect and there are concerns that the social care system is not set up well to respond …

Government response. The government states that tackling child neglect is a key part of the children’s social care reform programme, embedded in the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill. They describe multiple initiatives including Family Help, multi-agency reforms, early intervention, equipping professionals, and …
Department for Education
65 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Put in place a national strategy to reduce the incidence of child neglect.

The Department for Education must put in place a national neglect strategy to set out how it will reduce the incidence of neglect. (Recommendation, Paragraph 161) 92

Government response. The government states that tackling child neglect is integrated into its broader children’s social care reform programme and the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill. They outline current and forthcoming initiatives like Family Help and multi-agency reforms, indicating these measures collectively …
Department for Education
66 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Integrate neglect reduction measures and parental support into Child Poverty Strategy with a broader approach.

The Department should ensure that measures to reduce neglect and support parents with poor mental health and drug and alcohol addictions are considered as part of its Child Poverty Strategy and recognise that poverty is not the only circumstance in which neglect takes place and take a broader approach to …

Government response. The government recognises the link between deprivation and neglect and states the Child Poverty Taskforce is considering parents across the UK in its child poverty strategy. It also highlights existing support through the Families First Partnership Programme and the Healthy …
Department for Education
67 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Urgent need to implement IICSA recommendations as mandatory reporting is limited.

There is an urgent need to take forward the recommendations of the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse. The introduction of the mandatory reporting duty is an important step forward, but it is limited in scope to instances of a disclosure or witnessing abuse, which are rare occurrences. We were …

Government response. The government confirms the Mandatory Reporting Duty, outlined in the Crime and Policing Bill, is progressing and will come into force one year post-Royal Assent. They commit to working with regulators to communicate the duty and are implementing wider training …
Department for Education
68 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Improve training and guidance for child sexual abuse reporting and implement robust IICSA duty.

The Department for Education should improve training and guidance around reporting of child sexual abuse and work jointly with the Home Office towards implementing the more robust mandatory reporting duty recommended by IICSA, ensuring that the sector is well-prepared for this. (Recommendation, Paragraph 170)

Government response. The government confirms the Mandatory Reporting Duty is progressing through Parliament and will come into force one year after Royal Assent, committing to work with regulators to ensure clear communication. They also outline substantial plans to improve training for social …
Department for Education
69 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Regulatory gaps persist, including child handcuffing and Ofsted ratings deterring complex needs placements.

The Department for Education has made some welcome steps towards increasing Ofsted’s powers of intervention in the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill. However, some key gaps in regulation remain, most notably the worrying practice of using handcuffs to transport children between settings. We are also concerned that fear of negative …

Government response. The government clarifies that children’s homes regulations permit restraint only for preventing injury, damage, or absconding, and must be necessary and proportionate. While these regulations currently apply only to children's home staff, the government states it considers these principles should …
Department for Education
70 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Not Addressed

Strictly limit handcuff use for child transport and ensure provider accountability with Ofsted.

The Department for Education must act to strictly limit the use of handcuffs to those cases where it is otherwise unavoidable or necessary for the child’s own safety, and work with Ofsted to ensure that local authorities and transport providers are held accountable on this. (Recommendation, Paragraph 176)

Government response. The government reiterates that children's homes regulations permit restraint only when necessary to prevent injury, damage, or absconding, and it must be proportionate. While stating these principles should apply across children's social care, the response does not commit to new …
Department for Education
71 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Ensure new inspection system supports complex needs placements and provides clear provider guidance.

Ofsted and the Department for Education should ensure that the inspection system that replaces single-word judgements does not penalise providers who take on children with complex needs, while also ensuring that children with complex needs are placed in settings with the appropriate skills to provide a high quality of care …

Government response. The government is amending legislation to allow deprivation of liberty in more settings and is launching a test-and-learn project to improve placements for children with complex needs. They also confirm continued collaboration with Ofsted as it removes single-headline judgements across …
Department for Education
72 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted in Part

Care leavers face poorest outcomes due to insufficient support and limited Bill measures.

Care leavers have some of the poorest outcomes in society across a range of measures, and the support available to them falls far short of what is needed. The state has a grave responsibility to the children it takes 93 into its care, and these outcomes are simply not good …

Government response. The government will implement a national Staying Close support package through the Children's Wellbeing and Schools Bill to help care leavers with accommodation and independent living. It also notes ongoing cross-government activity to improve support for care experienced adults.
Department for Education
73 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted in Part

Care leavers face unacceptable financial hardship compromising their education upon turning 18.

It is unacceptable that young people are left to support themselves financially on turning 18 while still in full-time education and face having to reduce time spent in education or drop out completely to support themselves. No responsible parent would allow this and the state in its role as parent …

Government response. The government will introduce a national Staying Close support package via the Children's Wellbeing and Schools Bill to help care leavers with accommodation and independent living. It also notes ongoing cross-government work to improve adult care support.
Department for Education
74 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Deferred

Proposed Universal Credit reductions for under-22s will disproportionately impact care leavers.

We welcome the new Youth Guarantee and the focus on supporting young people to access employment, education and training. However, we are deeply concerned about the proposal to reduce support through Universal Credit for those aged under 22. This is likely to have a disproportionate impact on care leavers, who …

Government response. The government is consulting on proposals in the Pathways to Work White Paper, including raising the age for the Universal Credit Health Element to 22. It states no decisions have been made yet and feedback will be considered before implementing …
Department for Education
75 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Accepted

Develop a National Care Offer ensuring minimum, harmonised support for care leavers nationwide.

As a priority, the Department for Education must develop a National Care Offer to harmonise the postcode lottery in entitlements and ensure that care leavers receive a minimum level of support, wherever they live. (Recommendation, Paragraph 194)

Government response. The government outlines the existing core package of support for care leavers under the Children Act 1989, which includes a Personal Adviser, accommodation, and financial support. It states that the Children's Wellbeing and Schools Bill will strengthen this by requiring …
Department for Education
76 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Improve financial and housing support for care leavers, including Universal Credit and bursaries.

The Department for Education should work with other relevant departments, including the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government and the Department for Work and Pensions, to review the financial and housing support available to care leavers and improve it where needed to ensure that care leavers are not left …

Government response. The government has re-established the Care Leaver Ministerial Board to coordinate support. While mentioning a general Universal Credit increase and existing local authority schemes for financial support, it does not commit to a specific review of financial and housing support …
Department for Education
77 Conclusion 4th Report - Children’s social care Deferred

Exempt care leavers from proposed Universal Credit reductions and prioritise Youth Guarantee access.

The Department for Work and Pensions must exempt care leavers from its proposed plans to reduce Universal Credit support for those aged under 22, if these reforms go ahead, and ensure that care leavers are prioritised for access to support through the Youth Guarantee. (Recommendation, Paragraph 196)

Government response. The government is consulting on proposals in the Pathways to Work White Paper, including raising the age for the Universal Credit Health Element to 22. It states no decisions have been made yet and feedback will be considered before implementing …
Department for Education
78 Recommendation 4th Report - Children’s social care Acknowledged

Commission independent evaluation on designating care experience a protected characteristic.

The Department for Education should commission an independent evaluation of the impact of designating care experience a protected characteristic in those areas where local authorities have adopted this, to assess the impact of this on the extent and quality of support for care leavers in those areas. (Recommendation, Paragraph 197) …

Government response. The government notes that new corporate parenting responsibilities will be introduced via the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Bill to tackle stigma against care leavers. It states it will continue to monitor the impact where local authorities have adopted care experience …
Department for Education

Oral evidence sessions

8 sessions
Date Witnesses
18 Mar 2025 Fran Oram · Department for Education, Janet Daby MP · The Department for Education View ↗
11 Feb 2025 Dan Turnbull · Competition and Markets Authority (CMA), Georgia Sullivan, Jake Hartley, Lamar Mohsen, Louise Fitt, Mr Sam Turner · Kinship, Mrs Denise Rawls · The National Network for the Education of Care Leavers (NNECL), Roger Gough · The County Councils Network (CCN) View ↗
21 Jan 2025 Andy Smith · Association of Directors of Children’s Services (ADCS), Anna Edmundson · National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC), Annie Hudson · Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel, Claire Throssell MBE, Lynn Perry MBE · Barnardo’s, Rob Williams · National Association of Head Teachers View ↗
17 Dec 2024 Councillor Arooj Shah · Local Government Association (LGA), Dr Mark Kerr · Children’s Homes Association, Harriet Edwards · Sense, James Bury · CoramBAAF, Jo Harrison · National Network of Parent Carer Forums (NNPCF), Katharine Sacks-Jones · Become, Maris Stratulis · British Association of Social Workers England, Matthew Horne · Innovation Unit View ↗
30 Apr 2024 Annie Hudson · Child Safeguarding Review Panel, Ms Katie Ghose · Kids, Professor Michelle McManus, Professor of Safeguarding and Violence Prevention, Stephen Kingdom · Disabled Children’s Partnership, Tina Emory OBE · National Network of Parent Carer Forums, Yvette Stanley · Ofsted View ↗
16 Apr 2024 Emily Frith · Adoption UK, Lucille Allain · Association of Professors of Social Work, Lucy Peake · Kinship, Mary Jackson · Frontline, Matt Clayton · Coventry City Council, Sarah Thomas · The Fostering Network View ↗
26 Mar 2024 Dan Turnbull · Competition and Markets Authority (CMA), Dr Mark Kerr · Children’s Homes Association, John Pearce · Association of Directors of Children’s Services, Mr Andrew Isaac · Children’s Services Development Group, Ms Lucy Croxton · Together Trust, Roger Gough · The County Councils Network (CCN), Stuart Ashley · Hampshire County Council View ↗
27 Feb 2024 Dinithi Wijedasa · Bristol University, Dr Ray Jones · Kingston University, June Thoburn CBE · University of East Anglia, Katharine Sacks-Jones · Become, Lynn Perry MBE · Barnardo’s, Will McMahon · Care Leavers’ Association View ↗

Correspondence

5 letters
DateDirectionTitle
15 Jul 2025 To cttee Letter from Minister for Children and Families on New Children's Homes dated 09…
23 Apr 2025 To cttee Letter from Minister for Children and Families on Children's Social Care, dated…
8 Apr 2025 From cttee Letter to Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State (Minister for Children and Fam…
7 Jan 2025 To cttee letter from Maris Stratulis, National Director, BASW England on Children's Soci…
24 May 2024 Correspondence to the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Children, Fami…