Select Committee · Scottish Affairs Committee

Welfare policy in Scotland

Status: Closed Opened: 14 Oct 2020 Closed: 17 Feb 2022 37 recommendations 111 conclusions 1 report

The inquiry will examine the effect of welfare policies on the lives of claimants and poverty and inequality levels more broadly in Scotland. It will: assess the effectiveness of Scottish Choices which provide a unique degree of flexibility for those on Universal Credit in Scotland explore the consequences of Universal Credit policies specific to Scotland, … Show more

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Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotland HC 55 23 Jun 2021 148 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

27 items
18 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We recommend that the UK Government closely review the issue of making permanent the £20...

We recommend that the UK Government closely review the issue of making permanent the £20 uplift in the run up to the expiration of this policy at the end of September 2021, whilst also taking into account the significant financial costs such a change would impose. We also recommend that … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the recommendation to extend the £20 uplift to legacy benefits, stating there was never a plan to do so, and implies the uplift for UC was a temporary measure during the pandemic, now focusing on the 'Plan for Jobs' for economic recovery.
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Scotland Office
19 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We also recommend that DWP raise the work allowance for Universal Credit claimants and re-establish...

We also recommend that DWP raise the work allowance for Universal Credit claimants and re-establish work allowances for single adult claimants so that they can keep more of the money they earn, to allow them to work their way out of poverty.

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the recommendation to extend work allowances to single adults, stating it has no such plans and that work allowances are targeted at those with the greatest barriers to the labour market. It highlights previous increases and annual uprating.
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Scotland Office
20 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We welcome the improvements made to the advance payment system, such as the doubling of...

We welcome the improvements made to the advance payment system, such as the doubling of the amount of time to repay, and a reduction in the rate at which deductions can be made. We also acknowledge the advance system is in place for people who require money quickly, however, the … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government explains the existing advance payment system, including extended repayment periods, and rejects non-repayable advances due to fraud risk, administrative burden, and high costs.
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Scotland Office
21 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We recommend that the DWP consider alternative arrangements to the five week wait for a...

We recommend that the DWP consider alternative arrangements to the five week wait for a first payment and associated advances system (which currently acts as an interest free loan) and should consider again the recommendation from the Work and Pensions Select Committee of implementing a ‘starter payment’ to a claimant … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects alternative arrangements like a 'starter payment', defending its existing New Claim Advances system and citing increased fraud risk, administrative burden, and high costs for non-repayable grants.
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Scotland Office
23 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Whilst the economy is in the midst of recovering from the covid-19 pandemic, and with...

Whilst the economy is in the midst of recovering from the covid-19 pandemic, and with the jobs market in great difficulty and 490,000 people (as of March 2021) in Scotland claiming Universal Credit, based on the overwhelming evidence from witnesses, now is not the right time to sanction claimants should … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the recommendation to pause sanctioning, stating that Work Coaches already ensure claimant commitments are reasonable and consider Covid-19 circumstances, and existing appeal and hardship payment processes are in place.
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Scotland Office
94 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We recommend that there should be an increase in resources and support for claimants who...

We recommend that there should be an increase in resources and support for claimants who struggle or cannot make a claim online—for example telephone and or video call appointments. The DWP should provide more financial resources for the Help to Claim service run by Citizens Advice Scotland to ensure it … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the call for increased resources, stating existing provisions are sufficient, including the Freephone helpline, Jobcentre support, recruitment of additional Work Coaches, and continued funding for Citizens Advice Scotland's Help to Claim service.
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Scotland Office
98 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Many of the stakeholders told us that increasing the amount of money that claimants receive...

Many of the stakeholders told us that increasing the amount of money that claimants receive through Universal Credit would be effective in reducing poverty in Scotland. We heard from Kirsty McKechnie at the Child Poverty Action Group that ‘the way to alleviate poverty is to give people more money and … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government stated that the Universal Credit uplift was temporary, focusing instead on supporting people back into work through schemes like Kickstart rather than a permanent increase in benefits.
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Scotland Office
102 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We are also aware of other Parliamentary Committees and statutory bodies that have investigated the...

We are also aware of other Parliamentary Committees and statutory bodies that have investigated the issue of making the £20 uplift permanent and extending it to legacy benefit claimants. The Work and Pensions Select Committee recommended in their Report into DWP’s response to the coronavirus outbreak that the DWP should … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejected making the £20 uplift permanent or extending it to legacy benefits, stating the uplift was temporary and focused on Universal Credit/Working Tax Credit claimants due to the pandemic's specific economic shock. Instead, the government emphasized its Plan for Jobs.
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Scotland Office
103 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

The Scottish Government in their evidence to us highlighted that they had a ‘number of...

The Scottish Government in their evidence to us highlighted that they had a ‘number of concerns around the adequacy of the payment [on Universal Credit] even before coronavirus.’259 The Cabinet Secretary for Social Security and Older People also said that the Scottish Government’s view on whether the £20 uplift should … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the view that the Universal Credit uplift should be made permanent and extended to legacy benefits, stating it was a temporary measure and there was no plan to extend it, focusing instead on helping people into work through its Plan for Jobs.
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Scotland Office
104 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

The UK Government announced in the Budget in March 2021 that the £20 uplift would...

The UK Government announced in the Budget in March 2021 that the £20 uplift would remain until the end of September 2021.265 In explaining to us why the uplift was not made permanent the Minister for Welfare Delivery noted the expense of the policy saying that the ‘cost of extending … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government reiterated that the Universal Credit uplift was a temporary measure during the pandemic, and its strategy focuses on supporting people back into work through initiatives like the Plan for Jobs and Kickstart Scheme.
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Scotland Office
105 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We have heard in evidence that there are other levers that the DWP could pull...

We have heard in evidence that there are other levers that the DWP could pull to change the Universal Credit system to help to tackle poverty in Scotland alongside increasing adequacy of payments. One option that Citizens Advice Scotland and the Joseph Rowntree Foundation recommended was that the DWP could … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government explicitly states it has no plans to extend the work allowance to single adults, explaining its current policy of targeting those with the greatest barriers to the labour market and detailing past increases.
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Scotland Office
107 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Should a claimant earn more than their work allowance, their Universal Credit payments will be...

Should a claimant earn more than their work allowance, their Universal Credit payments will be reduced at a rate (known as a taper rate) of 63p for every £1 earned.275 However, since 2015 ‘only people with limited capability for work, or, people with a child or children are entitled to … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government defends its policy of targeting the work allowance to those with the greatest barriers to the labour market, stating it has no plans to extend it to single adults, and highlights past increases to work allowances.
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Scotland Office
108 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Neil Cowan from The Poverty Alliance told us that with current work allowance arrangements have...

Neil Cowan from The Poverty Alliance told us that with current work allowance arrangements have led to employment ‘becoming less, rather than more, reliable as a route out of poverty.’279 Nina Ballantyne of Citizens Advice Scotland called for the work allowance to be increased so that people can take on … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects extending the work allowance to single adults, stating it is targeted at those with the greatest barriers to the labour market and is increased annually as part of the normal uprating process.
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Scotland Office
111 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We recommend that the UK Government closely review the issue of making permanent the £20...

We recommend that the UK Government closely review the issue of making permanent the £20 uplift in the run up to the expiration of this policy at the end of September 2021, whilst also taking into account the significant financial costs such a change would impose. We also recommend that … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the recommendation, stating the £20 uplift was always a temporary measure for Universal Credit claimants and there was never a plan to extend it to legacy benefits, instead focusing on helping people into work.
Read full response →
Scotland Office
112 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We also recommend that DWP raise the work allowance for Universal Credit claimants and re-establish...

We also recommend that DWP raise the work allowance for Universal Credit claimants and re-establish work allowances for single adult claimants so that they can keep more of the money they earn, to allow them to work their way out of poverty. Universal Credit and the five week wait for … Read more

Government response AI summary
The UK Government rejects extending the work allowance to single adults and states that work allowances are increased annually as part of normal uprating, highlighting a past increase in 2018, but does not commit to a specific new raise beyond routine adjustments.
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Scotland Office
113 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Beyond the adequacy of the Universal Credit system we heard further evidence highlighting that there...

Beyond the adequacy of the Universal Credit system we heard further evidence highlighting that there were other issues with how Universal Credit works and that these issues were causing hardship for claimants in Scotland. A particular issue was the five week wait for a first payment of Universal Credit for … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government explained how Universal Credit Advance payments function to mitigate the five-week wait, including an extended repayment period, and rejected the introduction of non-repayable advances due to fraud risks, administrative burden, and significant costs.
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Scotland Office
114 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Universal Credit is paid once a month, usually into a claimant’s bank, building society or...

Universal Credit is paid once a month, usually into a claimant’s bank, building society or credit union account. After applying for Universal Credit, it usually takes around five weeks for a new claimant to get their first payment. Universal Credit is paid monthly and in arrears. This is a deliberate … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government details the existing repayable advance system and rejects the introduction of non-repayable advances, citing increased fraud risk, potential for inappropriate gain, and estimated costs between £2.2 and £2.8 billion.
Read full response →
Scotland Office
117 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

The Poverty Alliance in their written evidence to us highlighted that from their research they...

The Poverty Alliance in their written evidence to us highlighted that from their research they found that the five week wait was ‘the most negative aspect of Universal Credit for many people.’295 They argue that the policy is a major driver of poverty and destitution and has forced people into … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government stated that claimants can access advances on their Universal Credit payment, detailing the repayment terms and recent changes. It rejected the idea of non-repayable advances, citing increased fraud risk, administrative burden, and significant costs.
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Scotland Office
118 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Should a claimant require money before the five week wait has been completed they can...

Should a claimant require money before the five week wait has been completed they can apply for an advance payment. This means a claimant can receive an advance worth the amount of their first estimated payment on Universal Credit.299 According to the Minister for Welfare Delivery, Will Quince MP, these … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government outlines the existing repayable advance system, including the extended 2-year repayment period for advances, and rejects the introduction of non-repayable advances due to fraud risks, potential for inappropriate gain, and significant costs.
Read full response →
Scotland Office
119 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Again, the UK Government provides an example on their website: • Your first estimated payment...

Again, the UK Government provides an example on their website: • Your first estimated payment is £344 and you get £344 as an advance. 291 Department for Work and Pensions, Universal Credit: How you’re paid, accessed 14 April 2021 292 Q46 293 Q115 294 The Trussell Trust (WPS0006) 295 The … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government explained that New Claim Advances allow claimants to access their estimated Universal Credit payment upfront, with repayment now spread over 2 years for advances issued from April 2021. It rejected the introduction of non-repayable advances, citing fraud risk, administrative burden, and estimated costs …
Read full response →
Scotland Office
120 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

The advance payment system was commented on critically by our witnesses.

The advance payment system was commented on critically by our witnesses. Kirsty McKechnie of the Child Poverty Action Group said that advances ‘contribute to the ongoing hardship that people experience on Universal Credit and the difficulty in making ends meet from one end of the month to the next.’303 Nina … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government details the existing repayable advance system, including recent changes, and rejects the introduction of non-repayable advances, citing fraud risks, potential for inappropriate gain, and significant costs between £2.2 and £2.8 billion.
Read full response →
Scotland Office
121 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Our colleagues on the Work and Pensions Select Committee recently held an inquiry entitled Universal...

Our colleagues on the Work and Pensions Select Committee recently held an inquiry entitled Universal Credit: the wait for a first payment. They recommended the DWP should: pay all first time claimants of Universal Credit a “starter payment” equivalent to three weeks of the Standard Allowance of Universal Credit. This … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the introduction of non-repayable advances, explaining that New Claim Advances already allow claimants to receive payment upfront and arguing that non-repayable grants would increase fraud risk, impose administrative burdens, and be costly.
Read full response →
Scotland Office
123 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

We recommend that the DWP consider alternative arrangements to the five week wait for a...

We recommend that the DWP consider alternative arrangements to the five week wait for a first payment and associated advances system (which currently acts as an interest free loan) and should consider again the recommendation from the Work and Pensions Select Committee of implementing a ‘starter payment’ to a claimant … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the recommendation to consider alternative arrangements, such as a starter payment, stating that introducing non-repayable advances would increase fraud risk, allow inappropriate gain, and cost between £2.2 and £2.8 billion.
Read full response →
Scotland Office
129 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Whilst the economy is in the midst of recovering from the covid-19 pandemic, and with...

Whilst the economy is in the midst of recovering from the covid-19 pandemic, and with the jobs market in great difficulty and 490,000 people (as of March 2021) in Scotland claiming Universal Credit, based on the overwhelming evidence from witnesses, now is not the right time to sanction claimants should … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government implicitly rejects pausing sanctions, stating that Work Coaches will continue to ensure claimant commitments are reasonable and consider 'good reason' for failures, including Covid-19 related circumstances, when deciding on sanctions.
Read full response →
Scotland Office
138 Conclusion Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Another barrier to people signing up to Scottish Choices is that claimants cannot access the...

Another barrier to people signing up to Scottish Choices is that claimants cannot access the choices immediately, instead having to wait until they have received their first Universal Credit payment before taking up one or both options. Citizens Advice Scotland highlighted to our predecessor Committee on their inquiry on welfare … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government explains that the Scottish Government's policy is to offer Scottish Choices in the second assessment period, allowing time for Alternative Payment Arrangements to protect vulnerable claimants, effectively justifying the current delay in access.
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Scotland Office
142 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

Polly Jones from The Trussell Trust told us that: There are quite complicated discussions and...

Polly Jones from The Trussell Trust told us that: There are quite complicated discussions and arrangements between DWP and Scottish Government on how this is managed and how many minutes a work coach can spend talking about Scottish Choices in the second assessment interview.348 They recommend that instead: ‘It would … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the implied recommendation to present Scottish Choices in the first interview, stating that the current policy offers them in the second assessment period to allow claimants time to consider DWP Alternative Payment Arrangements.
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Scotland Office
148 Recommendation Second Report - Welfare policy in Scotl… Rejected

The Scottish Government and the DWP should work together and seek agreement before announcing further...

The Scottish Government and the DWP should work together and seek agreement before announcing further Scottish Choices options to ensure there is no delay in roll out. We therefore recommend the following: a) That Scottish Choices be made available to a claimant from the start of their Universal Credit claim. … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejected the recommendation to make Scottish Choices available from the start of a Universal Credit claim, stating current policy offers it from the second assessment period to allow consideration of DWP Alternative Payment Arrangements.
Read full response →
Scotland Office

Oral evidence sessions

6 sessions
Date Witnesses
17 Jun 2021 Bless Kuri · Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks, Claire Mack · Scottish Renewables, Lucy Whitford · RES, Matthieu Hue · EDF Renewables, Steven McMahon · Ofgem View ↗
18 Mar 2021 Andrew Latto · Department for Work & Pensions, Justin Tomlinson · Department for Work & Pensions, Margarita Morrison · Department for Work & Pensions, Will Quince · Department for Work & Pensions View ↗
11 Mar 2021 Callum Smith · Scottish Government, Catherine Reeves · Scottish Government, Shirley-Anne Somerville MSP · Scottish Government View ↗
11 Feb 2021 Councillor Richard Bell · Glasgow City Council, Polly Jones · The Trussell Trust, Suzanne Lavelle · Southside Housing Association View ↗
21 Jan 2021 Kirsty McKechnie · Child Poverty Action Group Scotland, Marion Davis · One Parent Families Scotland, Nina Ballantyne · Citizens Advice Scotland View ↗
16 Dec 2020 Chris Birt · Joseph Rowntree Foundation, David Eiser · Fraser of Allander Institute, Neil Cowan · The Poverty Alliance, Professor Gráinne McKeever · Ulster University, Professor John McKendrick · Glasgow Caledonian University, Professor Paul Spicker · Robert Gordon University View ↗

Who gave evidence

24 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Andrew Latto · Deputy Director, Devolution, Pensioner Benefits a… Department for Work & Pensions 1
Bless Kuri · Head of System Planning Scottish and Southern Electricity Networks 1
Callum Smith · Reserved and Working Age Benefits Team Leader Scottish Government 1
Catherine Reeves · Social Security Programme Management Office Scottish Government 1
Chris Birt · Associate Director Scotland Joseph Rowntree Foundation 1
Claire Mack · Chief Executive Scottish Renewables 1
Councillor Richard Bell · Treasurer Glasgow City Council 1
David Eiser · Knowledge Exchange Fellow Fraser of Allander Institute 1
Justin Tomlinson · Minister for Disabled People, Health and Work Department for Work & Pensions 1
Kirsty McKechnie · Welfare Rights Worker Child Poverty Action Group Scotland 1
Lucy Whitford · Managing Director for UK & Ireland RES 1
Margarita Morrison · Director Work and Health Services Department for Work & Pensions 1
Marion Davis · Head of Policy and Strategy One Parent Families Scotland 1
Matthieu Hue · Chief Executive Officer EDF Renewables 1
Neil Cowan · Senior Policy and Parliamentary Officer The Poverty Alliance 1
Nina Ballantyne · Policy Manager Citizens Advice Scotland 1
Polly Jones · Head of Scotland The Trussell Trust 1
Professor Gráinne McKeever · Professor of Law and Social Justice Ulster University 1
Professor John McKendrick · Professor in Social Justice Glasgow Caledonian University 1
Professor Paul Spicker · Emeritus Professor of Public Policy Robert Gordon University 1
Shirley-Anne Somerville MSP · Cabinet Secretary for Social Security and Older P… Scottish Government 1
Steven McMahon · Deputy Director, Electricity Distribution and Cro… Ofgem 1
Suzanne Lavelle · Advice Team Leader Southside Housing Association 1
Will Quince · Minister for Welfare Delivery Department for Work & Pensions 1

Correspondence

5 letters
DateDirectionTitle
7 Feb 2022 Correspondence with Chloe Smith MP, Minister for Disabled People, Health and Wo…
13 May 2021 To cttee Letter from the Minister for Disabled People, Health and Work, Justin Tomlinson…
13 May 2021 To cttee Letter from the Chair to the Department for Work and Pensions Ministers, Will Q…
25 Mar 2021 To cttee Letter from Shirley-Anne Somerville MSP, Cabinet Secretary for Social Security …
25 Mar 2021 To cttee Letter from Shirley-Anne Somerville, Cabinet Secretary for Social Security and …

Meetings & visits

3 items
DateTypeDetail
21 Apr 2021 Formal meeting (private meeting) · Virtual meeting
21 Jan 2021 Informal meeting · Virtual meeting
2 Dec 2020 Formal meeting (private meeting) · Virtual meeting