Recommendations & Conclusions
25 items
2
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
We welcome the former Minister’s announcement that the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office is developing an Antarctic Strategy to define the UK’s interests and ambitions in the region. A publicly available strategy will enhance transparency of the UK’s interests in Antarctica, and promote greater parliamentary interest and debate on Antarctic …
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We welcome the former Minister’s announcement that the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office is developing an Antarctic Strategy to define the UK’s interests and ambitions in the region. A publicly available strategy will enhance transparency of the UK’s interests in Antarctica, and promote greater parliamentary interest and debate on Antarctic issues. (Conclusion, Paragraph 30)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts this conclusion and commits to publishing an Antarctic strategy before the end of the year, taking the committee’s report and recommendations into consideration during its production.
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3
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
We recommend that the current Government follow through on this commitment and ensure the strategy is delivered as planned. The Government should consider this report, including its conclusions and recommendations, as a valuable guide highlighting key areas the strategy should contain. (Recommendation, Paragraph 31)
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We recommend that the current Government follow through on this commitment and ensure the strategy is delivered as planned. The Government should consider this report, including its conclusions and recommendations, as a valuable guide highlighting key areas the strategy should contain. (Recommendation, Paragraph 31)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, committing to publish an Antarctic strategy before the end of the year and to consider the Committee's report and recommendations during its production.
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12
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
Antarctica is warming at a rate up to twice that of the global average, disrupting its ecosystems, ocean dynamics, atmospheric processes, and ice systems. Despite its crucial role in regulating Earth’s heat balance and influencing global climate, the continent remains under-observed. The far-reaching implications of climate change in Antarctica necessitate …
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Antarctica is warming at a rate up to twice that of the global average, disrupting its ecosystems, ocean dynamics, atmospheric processes, and ice systems. Despite its crucial role in regulating Earth’s heat balance and influencing global climate, the continent remains under-observed. The far-reaching implications of climate change in Antarctica necessitate immediate, coordinated, and sustained action at both national and international levels to mitigate these impacts and adapt to future changes. (Conclusion, Paragraph 98)
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Government response AI summary
The government partially accepts this conclusion, highlighting ongoing polar research collaborations like the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration and British Antarctic Survey's strategic science themes. These initiatives provide fundamental data and knowledge for improving sea level models and understanding climate change impacts, aiming to address the …
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13
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
We recommend that the Government work with international partners through the Antarctic Treaty System to improve coordination of long- term climate monitoring in Antarctica, ensuring that the data outputs from such monitoring is openly shared and feeds directly into global climate assessments and decision-making processes. This is critical given the …
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We recommend that the Government work with international partners through the Antarctic Treaty System to improve coordination of long- term climate monitoring in Antarctica, ensuring that the data outputs from such monitoring is openly shared and feeds directly into global climate assessments and decision-making processes. This is critical given the current US administration’s potential budget cuts to their science programmes. (Recommendation, Paragraph 99)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, agreeing on the importance of long-term monitoring and data sharing within the Antarctic Treaty System. They confirm ongoing work to develop an international framework for environmental monitoring and a planned joint workshop in May 2026.
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16
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
Evidence presented during the course of this inquiry highlights the critical importance of limiting global warming to 1.5°C. Achieving this target is essential for preventing further destabilisation of Antarctica’s ice sheets and glaciers, which are already experiencing significant changes due to rising temperatures. Maintaining this limit is key to safeguarding …
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Evidence presented during the course of this inquiry highlights the critical importance of limiting global warming to 1.5°C. Achieving this target is essential for preventing further destabilisation of Antarctica’s ice sheets and glaciers, which are already experiencing significant changes due to rising temperatures. Maintaining this limit is key to safeguarding the integrity of the Antarctic environment and mitigating the global consequences of rising sea levels and climate disruption. (Conclusion, Paragraph 105)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts this conclusion, affirming its full commitment to the Paris Agreement's 1.5°C target and outlining ongoing efforts, including accelerating the transition to net zero through initiatives like the Global Clean Power Alliance and delivering on its 2035 Nationally Determined Contribution target.
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18
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
To safeguard Antarctica’s environment, it is crucial to integrate Antarctic research and preservation into broader international climate strategies. Rising sea levels, driven by climate change in Antarctica, pose an existential risk to the UK, making it imperative to act now to protect both the Antarctic ecosystem and the UK’s coastlines. …
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To safeguard Antarctica’s environment, it is crucial to integrate Antarctic research and preservation into broader international climate strategies. Rising sea levels, driven by climate change in Antarctica, pose an existential risk to the UK, making it imperative to act now to protect both the Antarctic ecosystem and the UK’s coastlines. (Conclusion, Paragraph 107)
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Government response AI summary
The government partially accepts this conclusion, highlighting ongoing polar research collaborations like the International Thwaites Glacier Collaboration and British Antarctic Survey's strategic science themes, which aim to understand ice loss and improve sea level models. It also mentions the Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership (MCCIP) …
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19
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
We recommend that the Government strengthen its domestic climate and nature policies to meet its legally binding targets. Achieving these targets is crucial for making a fair and proportionate contribution to global emissions reduction efforts and for lending authority to the UK’s leadership role on climate and biodiversity on the …
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We recommend that the Government strengthen its domestic climate and nature policies to meet its legally binding targets. Achieving these targets is crucial for making a fair and proportionate contribution to global emissions reduction efforts and for lending authority to the UK’s leadership role on climate and biodiversity on the international stage. (Recommendation, Paragraph 108)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, affirming its commitment to the Paris Agreement, its 2035 Nationally Determined Contribution, and the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity framework, stating it will continue to accelerate the transition to net zero and champion biodiversity efforts.
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21
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
Geoengineering proposals which seek engineered approaches to avert or mitigate the effects of climate change in polar regions appear to us to be impractical owing to high costs, technical challenges, and environmental risks. Relying on such interventions rather than seeking to address the causes of Antarctic ice loss risks delay …
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Geoengineering proposals which seek engineered approaches to avert or mitigate the effects of climate change in polar regions appear to us to be impractical owing to high costs, technical challenges, and environmental risks. Relying on such interventions rather than seeking to address the causes of Antarctic ice loss risks delay to the implementation of actions necessary to reduce carbon emissions. (Conclusion, Paragraph 114)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts this conclusion, stating it is not in favour of Solar Radiation Management (SRM) and has no plans to deploy it. It also highlights ongoing international work to address geoengineering research and governance challenges, including discussions at the ATCM which confirmed serious concerns …
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22
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
We strongly recommend that the Government firmly prioritise decarbonisation as the most effective, affordable, and sustainable response to climate change in Antarctica. Ministers should use international fora, including the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting and the UNFCCC COP process, to advocate for rapid emissions cuts and the protection of fragile polar …
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We strongly recommend that the Government firmly prioritise decarbonisation as the most effective, affordable, and sustainable response to climate change in Antarctica. Ministers should use international fora, including the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting and the UNFCCC COP process, to advocate for rapid emissions cuts and the protection of fragile polar environments. (Recommendation, Paragraph 115)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, agreeing that decarbonisation is fundamental and detailing British Antarctic Survey's net-zero by 2040 commitment through specific initiatives like HVO fuel, renewable energy, and AI. It also notes efforts to advocate for decarbonisation in international fora like the ATCM and UNFCCC.
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24
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The accelerating environmental changes in Antarctica, driven by climate change, sea ice loss, and increasing human activity, are having serious and compounding impacts on the continent’s biodiversity. These changes demand urgent, science led responses. (Conclusion, Paragraph 141)
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The accelerating environmental changes in Antarctica, driven by climate change, sea ice loss, and increasing human activity, are having serious and compounding impacts on the continent’s biodiversity. These changes demand urgent, science led responses. (Conclusion, Paragraph 141)
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Government response AI summary
The government partially accepts, explaining that current Antarctic research priorities and existing funding through UKRI and the National Academies, including over £900m allocated for 2025/26, are already focused on understanding biodiversity changes and other impacts of climate change.
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27
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
Biosecurity must continue to be a central pillar of UK Antarctic operations. The Government should ensure biosecurity facilities and protocols are in place across the BAS supply chain, including at key gateway ports such as Punta Arenas and the Falkland Islands, as well as on all UK research stations. This …
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Biosecurity must continue to be a central pillar of UK Antarctic operations. The Government should ensure biosecurity facilities and protocols are in place across the BAS supply chain, including at key gateway ports such as Punta Arenas and the Falkland Islands, as well as on all UK research stations. This is essential to ensure full compliance with the Antarctic Act 1994 and to reduce the risk of non-native species introductions. (Recommendation, Paragraph 144)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, agreeing that biosecurity is critical and detailing existing measures such as BAS Biosecurity Regulations, biosecurity information in UK permits, encouragement of the IMO Ballast Water Convention, and a BAS horizon scan for marine species.
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28
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The Government should safeguard the long-term future of the Blue Belt Programme by committing to sustained funding through the Official Development Assistance budget or alternative mechanisms. Particular focus should be given to supporting science, monitoring, and enforcement in the South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Marine Protected Area. Given its …
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The Government should safeguard the long-term future of the Blue Belt Programme by committing to sustained funding through the Official Development Assistance budget or alternative mechanisms. Particular focus should be given to supporting science, monitoring, and enforcement in the South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Marine Protected Area. Given its ecological significance within the Southern Ocean, continued investment is essential to uphold the UK’s role in Antarctic marine protection and sustainable fisheries management. (Recommendation, Paragraph 145)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, committing to safeguard the long-term future of the Blue Belt Programme by providing sustained funding for marine protection and sustainable management to both ODA and non-ODA eligible territories.
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32
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The failure of negotiations at CCAMLR in 2024 exposed significant vulnerabilities in the governance of Southern Ocean fisheries. As diminishing sea ice makes Antarctica more accessible, effective regulation, particularly of krill fishing, is becoming increasingly urgent. CCAMLR’s consensus-based decision-making has proven inadequate in moments of political tension, undermining its ability …
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The failure of negotiations at CCAMLR in 2024 exposed significant vulnerabilities in the governance of Southern Ocean fisheries. As diminishing sea ice makes Antarctica more accessible, effective regulation, particularly of krill fishing, is becoming increasingly urgent. CCAMLR’s consensus-based decision-making has proven inadequate in moments of political tension, undermining its ability to maintain precautionary fishing limits. Without reform, the risk of future deadlock will grow, leaving key marine ecosystems exposed to overexploitation. (Conclusion, Paragraph 176)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the conclusion's findings regarding the vulnerabilities in CCAMLR governance and states it is actively advocating for Marine Protected Areas and improvements to CCAMLR's decision-making process to prevent future deadlock.
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33
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The UK should work to prevent a recurrence of this regulatory stalemate. In recognition of the challenges of achieving unanimity, the Government should promote a pragmatic, compromise-based approach that enables interim conservation measures to be adopted while longer-term agreements are negotiated. This would help safeguard marine ecosystems while maintaining CCAMLR’s …
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The UK should work to prevent a recurrence of this regulatory stalemate. In recognition of the challenges of achieving unanimity, the Government should promote a pragmatic, compromise-based approach that enables interim conservation measures to be adopted while longer-term agreements are negotiated. This would help safeguard marine ecosystems while maintaining CCAMLR’s credibility. (Recommendation, Paragraph 177)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation and states it is actively working to prevent regulatory stalemate by advocating for improvements to CCAMLR's decision-making process and pragmatic, compromise-based solutions to enable conservation measures.
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35
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The need to establish new Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) has become increasingly urgent, as pressures from fishing, tourism, research activity, and climate change intensify. Proposals for MPAs in East Antarctica, the Weddell Sea, and the Antarctic Peninsula have repeatedly been blocked by China and Russia, despite strong scientific backing and …
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The need to establish new Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) has become increasingly urgent, as pressures from fishing, tourism, research activity, and climate change intensify. Proposals for MPAs in East Antarctica, the Weddell Sea, and the Antarctic Peninsula have repeatedly been blocked by China and Russia, despite strong scientific backing and widespread international support. Breaking this impasse must now be a diplomatic priority. (Conclusion, Paragraph 179) 100
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation and states it is making the establishment of new Marine Protected Areas a diplomatic priority, actively working with like-minded members and engaging bilaterally with China and Russia to garner support for their adoption.
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36
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The Government should intensify its diplomatic engagement, using both bilateral and multilateral channels to address the concerns of China and Russia and to highlight the global and regional benefits of marine protection. It should also strengthen coordination with like-minded CCAMLR members such as the EU, Australia, and the United States …
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The Government should intensify its diplomatic engagement, using both bilateral and multilateral channels to address the concerns of China and Russia and to highlight the global and regional benefits of marine protection. It should also strengthen coordination with like-minded CCAMLR members such as the EU, Australia, and the United States to maximise collective influence. (Recommendation, Paragraph 180)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating it is actively working with like-minded members, including through bilateral engagements, to secure support for marine protection measures and advocate for improvements to CCAMLR's decision-making process.
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38
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The Government should advocate procedural changes within CCAMLR, such as time-limited objections or consensus-building mechanisms, to reduce the ability of a single nation to exercise an indefinite veto over conservation measures. (Recommendation, Paragraph 182)
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The Government should advocate procedural changes within CCAMLR, such as time-limited objections or consensus-building mechanisms, to reduce the ability of a single nation to exercise an indefinite veto over conservation measures. (Recommendation, Paragraph 182)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating it is actively working to increase the efficiency of CCAMLR and advocating for improvements to its decision-making process to enable conservation measures.
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41
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The Government should actively engage with allies during Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings to press Russia to reaffirm its commitment to the Protocol’s mining prohibition. Additionally, Russia should be encouraged to provide comprehensive data on its seismic surveys in accordance with the Treaty’s open science principles. (Recommendation, Paragraph 192) 101
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The Government should actively engage with allies during Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meetings to press Russia to reaffirm its commitment to the Protocol’s mining prohibition. Additionally, Russia should be encouraged to provide comprehensive data on its seismic surveys in accordance with the Treaty’s open science principles. (Recommendation, Paragraph 192) 101
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Government response AI summary
The government accepted the recommendation and committed to actively engage with allies to press Russia to reaffirm its commitment to the Antarctic Protocol's mining prohibition and provide comprehensive data on its seismic surveys.
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43
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The UK’s efforts in steering a framework for sustainable management of tourism in Antarctica are commendable and helpful in ensuring the long- term viability of tourism activities. (Conclusion, Paragraph 210)
Government response AI summary
The government accepts the commendation, outlining its consistent advocacy for a robust regulatory framework for Antarctic tourism, including dynamic site management and visitor number limitations, and leading by example with rigorous environmental scrutiny.
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46
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The UK should lead by example through continued refinement of its own permitting processes, ensuring thorough environmental scrutiny, transparent reporting, and dynamic site management approaches. It should also support the development of a strategic framework for assessing site capacity and limiting visitor numbers at sensitive landing sites. (Recommendation, Paragraph 213)
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The UK should lead by example through continued refinement of its own permitting processes, ensuring thorough environmental scrutiny, transparent reporting, and dynamic site management approaches. It should also support the development of a strategic framework for assessing site capacity and limiting visitor numbers at sensitive landing sites. (Recommendation, Paragraph 213)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating it leads by example through rigorous environmental scrutiny and transparent reporting, and consistently advocates for a robust regulatory framework for Antarctic tourism, including a strategic framework for dynamic site management and limiting visitor numbers.
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47
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
Tourism in Antarctica can have positive outcomes, including enhancing public understanding of environmental and scientific issues and fostering a community of informed ambassadors for polar conservation. However, these benefits depend on effective governance. To minimise environmental risks and support small-scale scientific operations, visitor numbers and activities must be carefully regulated. …
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Tourism in Antarctica can have positive outcomes, including enhancing public understanding of environmental and scientific issues and fostering a community of informed ambassadors for polar conservation. However, these benefits depend on effective governance. To minimise environmental risks and support small-scale scientific operations, visitor numbers and activities must be carefully regulated. (Conclusion, Paragraph 221)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, detailing its consistent advocacy for a robust, comprehensive, and enforceable regulatory framework for Antarctic tourism, including strategic frameworks for dynamic site management and limiting visitor numbers based on scientific evidence.
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49
Conclusion
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
To protect Antarctica’s fragile ecosystems and ensure tourism supports environmental and scientific priorities, a consistent, science-led approach to managing visitor access is essential. The UK Government should advocate for a clear and enforceable regime that ensures each visit contributes meaningfully to conservation and education. (Recommendation, Paragraph 223)
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To protect Antarctica’s fragile ecosystems and ensure tourism supports environmental and scientific priorities, a consistent, science-led approach to managing visitor access is essential. The UK Government should advocate for a clear and enforceable regime that ensures each visit contributes meaningfully to conservation and education. (Recommendation, Paragraph 223)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating it consistently advocates for a robust, comprehensive, and enforceable regulatory framework for Antarctic tourism, including a strategic framework for dynamic site management and limitations on visitor numbers.
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53
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
The Government should advocate for the harmonisation of permitting processes among treaty parties, preventing operators from circumventing national restrictions by seeking approval from multiple authorities would enhance regulatory coherence and close potential loopholes in environmental oversight. (Recommendation, Paragraph 227)
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The Government should advocate for the harmonisation of permitting processes among treaty parties, preventing operators from circumventing national restrictions by seeking approval from multiple authorities would enhance regulatory coherence and close potential loopholes in environmental oversight. (Recommendation, Paragraph 227)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, committing to continue bringing permitting matters to the attention of Treaty Parties, sharing best practice, and raising awareness about operators seeking authorisation from multiple National Competent Authorities.
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57
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
We commend Government investment in polar infrastructure, which strengthens UK research capabilities. We nevertheless note that the capital expenditure has yet to translate into measurable scientific outcomes. Given the unparalleled logistical gateway and facilities provided by the Antarctic Infrastructure Modernisation Project, the Government should outline, in its forthcoming Antarctic Strategy, …
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We commend Government investment in polar infrastructure, which strengthens UK research capabilities. We nevertheless note that the capital expenditure has yet to translate into measurable scientific outcomes. Given the unparalleled logistical gateway and facilities provided by the Antarctic Infrastructure Modernisation Project, the Government should outline, in its forthcoming Antarctic Strategy, how these opportunities can be maximised to advance an understanding of Antarctica’s response to a changing climate. This will ensure the UK is well-prepared to address the likely consequences, including sea level rise and climatic shifts. (Recommendation, Paragraph 247)
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, confirming that the forthcoming Antarctic strategy will outline how the Antarctic Infrastructure Modernisation Project's opportunities will be maximised to advance vital climate change research.
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68
Recommendation
3rd Report - The UK and the Antarctic e…
Accepted
We further recommend that the Natural Environment Research Council strengthen its successful support for multilateral research initiatives by developing mechanisms to coordinate international funding more effectively. This includes reducing the burden of “double jeopardy” where researchers must apply for and secure multiple streams of funding from different national agencies—often facing …
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We further recommend that the Natural Environment Research Council strengthen its successful support for multilateral research initiatives by developing mechanisms to coordinate international funding more effectively. This includes reducing the burden of “double jeopardy” where researchers must apply for and secure multiple streams of funding from different national agencies—often facing incompatible timelines or processes. More integrated funding approaches, including shared peer review and harmonised grant rounds, would support high-impact collaborative science and ensure that promising international projects are not lost due to administrative barriers. (Recommendation, Paragraph 283) 106
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Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating that NERC already supports multilateral research initiatives and reduces 'double jeopardy' through existing mechanisms like the Belmont Forum and Horizon Europe, which employ harmonised processes including shared peer review and grant rounds.
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