COVID-M1.1 Accepted

Simplify Emergency Preparedness Structures

COVID-19 Inquiry · Module 1: Resilience and Preparedness · Issued 18 July 2024 · Addressed to: Cabinet Office

Source — verbatim from the inquiry

Inquiry recommendation

The governments of the UK, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland should each simplify and reduce the number of structures with responsibility for preparing for and building resilience to whole-system civil emergencies. The core structures should be: a single Cabinet-level or equivalent ministerial committee (including the senior minister responsible for health and social care) responsible for whole-system civil emergency preparedness and resilience for each government, which meets regularly and is chaired by the leader or deputy leader of the relevant government; and a single cross-departmental group of senior officials in each government (which reports regularly to the Cabinet-level or equivalent ministerial committee) to oversee and implement policy on civil emergency preparedness and resilience. This should be put in place within 12 months of the publication of this Report.

COVID-19 Inquiry, Module 1: Resilience and Preparedness · 18 Jul 2024 Source PDF →

Published evidence summary

Publicly available evidence relating to this recommendation:

- The government accepted this recommendation in its response published 16 January 2025, agreeing that clear governance is needed to build resilience across the UK (UK Government Response to the Covid-19 Inquiry Module 1 Report, Cabinet Office, 16 January 2025).
- The Prime Minister established the National Security Council (Resilience) as a single Cabinet-level committee in July 2024, chaired by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, with the Health Secretary as a standing member (UK Government Response to the Covid-19 Inquiry Module 1 Report, Cabinet Office, 16 January 2025).
- A Resilience Steering Board was created at Director level, meeting monthly, with senior officials from devolved governments attending (UK Government Response to the Covid-19 Inquiry Module 1 Report, Cabinet Office, 16 January 2025).
- The July 2025 implementation update marked this recommendation as CLOSED, confirming governance for catastrophic risks had been refreshed with co-chaired risk boards and increased meeting frequency (Module 1 Implementation Update, Cabinet Office, 8 July 2025).

Response — verbatim from government

Scottish Government — initial response

No formal response published by this government.

Scottish Government · 18 Jul 2024

Welsh Government — follow-up

No formal response published by this government.

Welsh Government · 18 Jul 2024

Northern Ireland Executive — follow-up

No formal response published by this government.

Northern Ireland Executive · 18 Jul 2024

UK Government — follow-up

The government agrees that clear governance is needed to build resilience across the UK.

As per the Inquiry’s recommendation, in July 2024, the Prime Minister established a single ministerial committee to oversee action to build medium to long term resilience, capable of making decisions across government. The National Security Council (Resilience) is a Cabinet Committee, chaired by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. The Committee oversees action to build medium to long term resilience. The Health Secretary is a standing member of this Committee, in line with the Inquiry’s recommendation. The National Security Council (Resilience) is supported by an official-level committee, in line with the Cabinet Manual.

The government also has a cross-departmental group of senior officials to coordinate and drive implementation of policy on civil emergency preparedness and resilience. The Resilience Steering Board is a Director-level meeting, chaired by the Cabinet Office Head of Resilience, that meets monthly. The Board has a clearly defined purpose to provide collective cross-government leadership on resilience matters, within the core structure provided by the National Security Council (Resilience).

Resilience is a wide ranging and complex function that spans different policy areas, both reserved and devolved. The devolution arrangements in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland set out the policy areas that are the responsibility of devolved governments for which they are accountable to devolved legislatures. Risks and emergencies do not recognise borders and it is vital that the four nations across the UK work together to keep communities safe. Senior officials from the devolved governments attend the Resilience Steering Board, to ensure effective understanding and coordination of resilience activity across the whole of the UK. Senior resilience officials across the four nations also meet individually and together on cross-cutting matters with ministerial engagement as needed.

We will look to rationalise and streamline subordinate or supporting groups and committees responsible for whole-system civil emergency preparedness and resilience. Further arrangements to manage whole system risks have been captured later in this response under the relevant recommendations.

UK Government · 16 Jan 2025 Written response →

UK Government — follow-up

[CLOSED] National Security Council (Resilience) established July 2024, chaired by Chancellor of Duchy of Lancaster. Governance refreshed for catastrophic risks with co-chaired risk boards.

UK Government · 8 Jul 2025 Written response →

Evidence trail — what's actually happened since

  • 15 Oct 2025 Status: Completed. The government agrees that clear governance is needed to build resilience across the UK. As per the Inquiry’s recommendation, in July 2024, the Prime Minister established a single ministerial committee to oversee action to build medium to long term resilience, capable of making decisions across government. The National Security Council (Resilience) is a Cabinet Committee, chaired by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. The Committee oversees action to build medium to long term resilience. Source →
  • 8 Jul 2025 · UK Government Implementation update (8 Jul 2025): [CLOSED] National Security Council (Resilience) established July 2024, chaired by Chancellor of Duchy of Lancaster. Governance refreshed for catastrophic risks with co-chaired risk boards. Source →
  • 16 Jan 2025 The government agrees that clear governance is needed to build resilience across the UK. As per the Inquiry’s recommendation, in July 2024, the Prime Minister established a single ministerial committee to oversee action to build medium to long term resilience, capable of making decisions across government. The National Security Council (Resilience) is a Cabinet Committee, chaired by the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. The Committee oversees action to build medium to long term resilience. The Health Secretary is a standing member of this Committee, in line with the Inquiry’s recommendation. The National Security Council (Resilience) is supported by an official-level committee, in line with the Cabinet Manual. The government also has a cross-departmental group of senior officials to coordinate and drive implementation of policy on civil emergency preparedness and resilience. The Resilience Steering Board is a Director-level meeting, chaired by the Cabinet Office Head of Resilience, that meets monthly. The Board has a clearly defined purpose to provide collective cross-government leadership on resilience matters, within the core structure provided by the National Security Council (Resilience). Resilience is a wide ranging and complex function that spans different policy areas, both reserved and devolved. The devolution arrangements in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland set out the policy areas that are the responsibility of devolved governments for which they are accountable to devolved legislatures. Risks and emergencies do not recognise borders and it is vital that the four nations across the UK work together to keep communities safe. Senior officials from the devolved governments attend the Resilience Steering Board, to ensure effective understanding and coordination of resilience activity across the whole of the UK. Senior resilience officials across the four nations also meet individually and together on cross-cutting matters with ministerial engagement as needed. We will look to rationalise and streamline subordinate or supporting groups and committees responsible for whole-system civil emergency preparedness and resilience. Further arrangements to manage whole system risks have been captured later in this response under the relevant recommendations. Source →

Each entry above links to a primary source — gov.uk written statement, consultation response document, or inspection report. The Index does not characterise government intent; it tracks what has been published.

How this page is built

Source and Response are verbatim from primary documents. The Evidence trail records published activity since — written statements, consultation outcomes, inspection findings, parliamentary references. The Index does not paraphrase or characterise intent; it tracks what has been published. Where the evidence is the absence of action (a missed deadline, a slipped timetable), that absence is documented from primary sources rather than inferred.

This recommendation's data is verified periodically against primary sources. The Index is monitored for staleness weekly.