Select Committee · Education Committee

Solving the SEND Crisis

Status: Open Opened: 20 Dec 2024 27 recommendations 68 conclusions 1 report

A number of recent reports have set out in detail the extent of the crisis in the Special Educational Needs and Disabilities (SEND) system, which is letting down children and their families, creating intense pressure on local authority funding and on schools. This inquiry will focus on how to achieve both short term stability and … Show more

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis HC 492 18 Sep 2025 95 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

14 items
5 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Assess funding required for SEND reforms and plan short-to-medium term investment aligning with timelines.

The Department must urgently assess the funding required to implement meaningful reforms to SEND provision. There must be a clear plan for how the Department will work towards this level of investment in the short and medium term, which aligns with the timeline for SEND reforms. (Recommendation, Paragraph 38) Read more

Government response AI summary
The government details current and future funding allocations for SEND, including an increase of £4.2 billion by 2028-29 and £740 million in high needs capital for 2025-26, and will extend the Statutory Override for local authority deficits. However, it defers setting out a clear plan …
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Department for Education
15 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Strengthen local authorities' ability to deliver EHC plans by compelling other services

Where EHC plans are issued, they carry a statutory duty which must be delivered in full. To make this a reality, the Department for Education should strengthen the ability of local authorities to meet these obligations by ensuring that the necessary levers are in place to compel other services, for … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the importance of accountability and will work with the Ombudsman and Tribunal to define their roles in a reformed SEND system. They also commit to giving full consideration to the Committee's recommendations on strengthening local authority powers and cross-departmental coordination.
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Department for Education
25 Recommendation 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Extend Local Government Ombudsman powers to cover SEND complaints in education settings

The Government must extend the powers of the Local Government Ombudsman to cover complaints about the delivery of EHC plans, SEN support and other appropriate inclusive education for children with SEND in schools, multi-academy trusts and other education settings. This would strengthen accountability, provide families with a clearer route to … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government will work closely with the Ombudsman and Tribunal to determine their roles in a reformed SEND system, but does not commit to extending the Ombudsman's powers as recommended.
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Department for Education
32 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Extend SEND Tribunal powers to issue binding recommendations on health services with clear consequences.

The powers of the SEND Tribunal should be extended to allow it to issue binding recommendations to health services, not just education providers. This would ensure that when a failure to deliver a health provision specified in an EHC plan occurs, health bodies are legally obligated to take corrective action. … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government notes that SEND Tribunal decisions for health services are currently non-binding but usually followed, and states it will give full consideration to extending the Tribunal's powers to issue binding recommendations to health services.
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Department for Education
50 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Implement continuous review for ITT and ECF, increase placements, and mandate specialist setting experience.

The Department for Education must implement a continuous review and update cycle for the ITT and ECF to keep training relevant and effective. It must urgently increase the number of ITT placements and explore the viability of mandating every teacher to complete a placement in a specialist setting during ITT … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government defers the implementation of a continuous review cycle for ITT and ECF to a full review in 2027, and does not address the urgent increase in ITT placements or exploring mandatory specialist placements.
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Department for Education
60 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Learning Support Assistants and Teaching Assistants lack adequate SEND-specific training

Learning support assistants and teaching assistants are integral to the effective delivery of SEND support and resourcing their deployment properly can help reduce the need for expensive specialist placements. To sustain and strengthen their contribution, improvements are urgently needed in the recruitment, training, CPD and retention of this workforce. We … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states that the newly established School Support Staff Negotiating Body (SSSNB) will advise on suitable training and career progression routes for TAs and LSAs, thereby deferring action on these improvements and the concern about SEND-specific training.
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Department for Education
61 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Integrate SEND content into teaching assistant training with regular CPD opportunities

SEND content should be an integral part of teaching assistant training, and they should be provided with regular opportunities for CPD and peer support. This could be through incentivised or ring-fenced funding for schools and multi-academy trusts to release teaching assistants and learning support assistants for SEND CPD, removing practical … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government defers action on ensuring SEND content in TA training, providing regular CPD, and offering incentivised funding to the new School Support Staff Negotiating Body (SSSNB), which will advise on suitable training routes.
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Department for Education
76 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Permanent solution for local authority SEND funding requires coordinated cross-departmental action.

The extension of the statutory override until 2027/28 is a welcome step, but it remains a temporary measure in response to the ongoing financial instability facing local authorities across England. Reducing deficits is essential to achieving long-term financial sustainability however, this 171 cannot be done at the expense of local … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the need to support local authorities in managing SEND system deficits and reiterates the extension of the Statutory Override until 2027–28, stating that further details on plans for historic deficits will be set out in the upcoming Local Government Finance Settlement.
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Department for Education
85 Recommendation 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Place a clear statutory duty on health services for full participation in SEND provision.

The Government should place a clear statutory duty on health services, including ICBs and NHS providers, to ensure their full and accountable participation in the planning, commissioning, and delivery of SEND provision. This duty must align with the Children and Families Act 2014 and the SEND Code of Practice, which … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the essential role of ongoing health and social care engagement and notes the non-binding nature of SEND Tribunal decisions for health bodies. They do not commit to placing a clear statutory duty on health services but state they will give full consideration …
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Department for Education
88 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Develop and implement a comprehensive capital investment strategy for sustainable SEND provision.

The Department for Education should develop and implement a comprehensive capital investment strategy for SEND. This strategy should provide clarity over future funding streams, enable better forecasting and planning, and support the development of high-quality, fit-for- purpose settings across both mainstream and specialist provision. (Recommendation, Paragraph 311) Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the important role of capital funding and the £740 million for 2025–26. However, they do not commit to developing and implementing a comprehensive capital investment strategy for SEND, stating only that more detail on their approach across the spending review period will …
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Department for Education
91 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Designate highest-performing state specialist schools as Centres of Excellence for SEND expertise development.

As part of the expansion of specialist SEND, the highest-performing state specialist schools should be designated as Centres of Excellence. These schools would play a leading role in supporting the development of expertise across other schools, local authorities or multi-academy trusts by providing training, sharing best practice, and offering targeted … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government thanks the committee and states it will carefully consider the recommendations while engaging with stakeholders, ahead of publishing its SEND system plans in the Schools White Paper in the new year.
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Department for Education
92 Recommendation 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Review local authority powers to fulfil SEND obligations, addressing mismatches from past reforms.

The Government should continue to review whether local authorities have the necessary powers to fulfil their legal obligations to children and young people with SEND in order to address the mismatch between powers and responsibilities which has arisen as a consequence of previous reforms. (Recommendation, Paragraph 315) 175 Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states it appreciates the committee's consideration and will respond to their recommendations concerning improving local authority accountability, including matters related to the SEND tribunal.
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Department for Education
93 Recommendation 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Monitor and report annually on SEND pupil numbers across all school types.

As it seeks to expand the capacity of specialist state schools and deliver inclusive mainstream schools, the Government should monitor and report on an annual basis on the number of pupils with SEND in mainstream schools, in specialist independent schools and specialist state schools. (Recommendation, Paragraph 316) Read more

Government response AI summary
The government thanks the committee and states it will carefully consider the recommendations while engaging with stakeholders, ahead of publishing its SEND system plans in the Schools White Paper in the new year.
Read full response →
Department for Education
95 Conclusion 5th Report - Solving the SEND Crisis Deferred

Implement national SEND data strategy requiring standardised reporting from local authorities and schools.

To plan effectively for future capacity and ensure the right support is in place, the Department must take a data driven approach, developing a more robust understanding of need by systematically gathering and analysing relevant, high-quality data. This should include a national SEND data strategy that requires local authorities and … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government thanks the committee and states it will carefully consider the recommendations while engaging with stakeholders, ahead of publishing its SEND system plans in the Schools White Paper in the new year.
Read full response →
Department for Education

Oral evidence sessions

7 sessions
Date Witnesses
1 Jul 2025 Alison Ismail · Department for Education, Catherine McKinnell MP · Department for Education View ↗
10 Jun 2025 Conrad Bourne · The Mercian Trust, Daniel Constable-Phelps · St Mary’s Primary and Nursery School, Dr Peter Gray · SSCYP (Strategic Services for Children & Young People), Dr Susana Castro-Kemp · UCL Faculty of Education and Society (IOE), Jo Hutchinson · Education Policy Institute, Nicole Dempsey · Dixons Academies Trust View ↗
13 May 2025 Adam Sproston · Ofsted, Georgina Downard · Independent Provider of Special Education Advice (IPSEA), Lucy Harte · Care Quality Commission (CQC), Sharon Chappell · Local Government and Social Care Ombudsman (LGSCO) View ↗
29 Apr 2025 Alison Stewart · South West London Integrated Care Board, Janet Harrison · The Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists, Lisa O’Connor · Association of Educational Psychologists, Ms Marie Gascoigne · Better Communications CIC, Professor Ian Kessler · Kings College London, Sarah Walter · NHS Confederation View ↗
11 Mar 2025 Catherine McLeod MBE · Dingley's Promise, Clare Howard · Natspec, Joanna Hall, Katie Nellist, Madeline Thomas, Margaret Mulholland · Association of School and College Leaders (ASCL), Miss Lucy Bowerman, Ms Annamarie Hassall MBE · The National Association for Special Educational Needs (nasen), Sarah Cobb View ↗
25 Feb 2025 Claire Dorer OBE · National Association of Independent Schools and Non-Maintained Special Schools, Councillor Kate Foale · County Councils Network, Dr Luke Sibieta · Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS), Phil Haslett · F40, Rob Williams · National Association of Head Teachers View ↗
28 Jan 2025 Agnes Agyepong · Global Black Maternal Health, Amanda Allard · Council for Disabled Children, Jo Harrison · National Network of Parent Carer Forums (NNPCF), Miss Imogen Steele · Contact, Mrs Hayley Harding · Let Us learn Too, Ms Katie Ghose · Kids, Tania Tirraoro · Special Needs Jungle Ltd View ↗

Who gave evidence

39 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Adam Sproston · Senior inspector for SEND and Alternative Provisi… Ofsted 1
Agnes Agyepong · CEO and founder Global Black Maternal Health 1
Alison Ismail · Director of SEND Department for Education 1
Alison Stewart · Head of SEND South West London Integrated Care Board 1
Amanda Allard · Director Council for Disabled Children 1
Catherine McKinnell MP · Minister for School Standards Department for Education 1
Catherine McLeod MBE · CEO Dingley's Promise 1
Claire Dorer OBE · Chief Executive National Association of Independent Schools and Non-Maintained Special Schools 1
Clare Howard · CEO Natspec 1
Conrad Bourne · Director for SEND The Mercian Trust 1
Councillor Kate Foale · Spokesperson for Special Educational Needs and Di… County Councils Network 1
Daniel Constable-Phelps · Executive Headteacher St Mary’s Primary and Nursery School 1
Dr Luke Sibieta · Research Fellow Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) 1
Dr Peter Gray · Co-coordinator of the National SEN Policy Researc… SSCYP (Strategic Services for Children & Young People) 1
Dr Susana Castro-Kemp · Associate Professor in Psychology and Special Nee… UCL Faculty of Education and Society (IOE) 1
Georgina Downard · Senior Solicitor Independent Provider of Special Education Advice (IPSEA) 1
Janet Harrison · Head of Service at Leicestershire Partnership NHS… The Royal College of Speech and Language Therapists 1
Jo Harrison · Director and Co-Chair National Network of Parent Carer Forums (NNPCF) 1
Jo Hutchinson · Director for SEND and additional needs Education Policy Institute 1
Joanna Hall 1
Katie Nellist 1
Lisa O’Connor · Vice President Association of Educational Psychologists 1
Lucy Harte · Deputy Director of Multi-agency Operations Care Quality Commission (CQC) 1
Madeline Thomas 1
Margaret Mulholland · Head of SEND & Inclusion Policy Association of School and College Leaders (ASCL) 1
Miss Imogen Steele · Policy and Public Affairs Officer Contact 1
Miss Lucy Bowerman 1
Mrs Hayley Harding · Founder Let Us learn Too 1
Ms Annamarie Hassall MBE · CEO The National Association for Special Educational Needs (nasen) 1
Ms Katie Ghose · CEO Kids 1
Ms Marie Gascoigne · speech, language and communication policy expert,… Better Communications CIC 1
Nicole Dempsey · Director of SEND and Safeguarding Dixons Academies Trust 1
Phil Haslett · Deputy Chair F40 1
Professor Ian Kessler · Professor of Public Policy and Management Kings College London 1
Rob Williams · Senior Policy Advisor National Association of Head Teachers 1
Sarah Cobb 1
Sarah Walter · Director, ICS Network NHS Confederation 1
Sharon Chappell · Assistant Ombudsman Local Government and Social Care Ombudsman (LGSCO) 1
Tania Tirraoro · Co-Director Special Needs Jungle Ltd 1

Correspondence

19 letters
DateDirectionTitle
30 Jun 2026 To cttee Letter from Secretary of State on Inclusion Strategy for Education settings dat…
16 Jun 2026 From cttee Letter to Secretary of State for Education on Investment in the SEND Workforce …
30 Apr 2026 From cttee Letter to Secretary of State on response to SEND consultation dated 30.04.26
30 Apr 2026 From cttee Letter to Minister of State for School Standards on response to SEND consultati…
3 Mar 2026 To cttee Letter from Secretary of State for Education on Schools White Paper and SEND Co…
6 Jan 2026 Correspondence with the Royal British Legion on Solving the SEND Crisis, dated …
6 Jan 2026 Correspondence with Minister for School Standards on supporting pupils with med…
9 Dec 2025 To cttee Letter from Secretary of State for Education on Solving the SEND crisis, dated …
12 Nov 2025 From cttee Letter to Secretary of State for Education on Schools White Paper, dated 11.11.…
12 Nov 2025 From cttee Letter to Secretary of State for Education on Schools White Paper, dated 11.11.…
11 Nov 2025 To cttee Letter from Joanna Parry National Officer Education and Children’s Services, UN…
11 Nov 2025 From cttee Letter to Joanna Parry National Officer Education and Children’s Services, UNIS…
28 Oct 2025 To cttee Letter from Chris Coghlan MP Member of Parliament for Dorking and Horley on Sol…
2 Sep 2025 To cttee Letter from Joint Unions on Solving the SEND Crisis, dated 28.05.25
22 Jul 2025 To cttee Letter from Association of Educational Psychologists on Funding for training of…
24 Jun 2025 To cttee Letter from Adam Sproston HMI, Ofsted and Lucy Harte, Deputy Director, Multi-ag…
24 Jun 2025 To cttee Letter from Adam Sproston HMI, Ofsted on Multi-academy trust inspections and Co…
20 May 2025 To cttee Letter from Minister for School Standards on SEND White Paper 27.03.25
11 Mar 2025 To cttee Letter from Chair to Catherine McKinnell MP, Minister of State for School Stand…