Source · IMB Annual Report
Berwyn
Year: 2025
Published: 15 Aug 2025
Type: Prison · Cat C
Recommendations: 11
Key concerns
Positive findings
HMP Berwyn, a Category C training prison with an operational capacity of 2000, also accommodates B category and remand prisoners. While the Board noted improvements in staff training, purposeful activity, and resettlement outcomes, the prison continues to face significant challenges. These include high levels of self-harm, violence, and drug use, as well as critical issues with mental health provision, particularly long waiting times for secure hospital transfers and the appropriateness of holding mentally unwell individuals in the CSU. Substandard cell conditions, inconsistent key worker provision, and difficulties ensuring adequate time out of cell for working prisoners remain ongoing concerns.
Safety statistics
| Indicator | This year | Previous |
|---|---|---|
| Deaths in custody | 2 | — |
| Self-harm incidents | 1,689 | — |
| Prisoner assaults | 525 | — |
| Assaults on staff | 212 | — |
| Drug finds | 2,245 | — |
Positive findings
The Board noted an improvement in staff levels and training, leading to more proficient staff who generally treat prisoners as individuals. Efforts to reduce self-harm increased, contributing to a good atmosphere over Christmas and New Year. Significant improvements were seen in the heating system, now functioning well after extensive repairs, and the new wellbeing hub has opened, offering a range of facilities and accredited courses. The prison also achieved the highest rate of prisoners in employment on release within its comparator group, and HMIP noted an improvement in preparation for release.
Key concerns
Substance Misuse
In common with the rest of the prison estate, HMP Berwyn experiences ingress of drugs.
Safety
In-cell fires and vandalism have increased. These are often the result of men fearing violence, leading to demands to be relocated.
Safety
Incidents of prisoners being found under the influence (UTI) of an illicit substance, as well as violence incidents, remain high. Fear of violence and boredom exacerbate this.
Resettlement/Release
Many prisoners are brought in from out of the area, which adds additional challenges, such as, for example, maintaining family contact.
Mental Health
There are large numbers of prisoners with mental health issues. As prisons are not designed for people with mental health challenges, officer training across the prison estate is not adequate for managing these prisoners.
Healthcare
As there are not enough spaces in secure hospitals, many prisoners who have been assessed as suitable for transfer are waiting for longer than the 28 days set out in the policy. This means that prison staff, who are not mental health practitioners, have to care for people with complex needs.
Resettlement/Release
The early release schemes meant there was less time for prisoners to complete courses and get qualifications, and much less time for resettlement to be managed.
Regime/Time Out of Cell
As many prisoners are in HMP Berwyn for shorter lengths of time, they do not always have time to settle or complete rehabilitation work.
Resettlement/Release
The policy of Wrexham Borough Council means prisoners are not assessed for housing until the day of release, which can lead to homelessness.
Resettlement/Release
IPPs: can assistance with life after release be improved to reduce the level of recalls? Will the process of releasing these prisoners be speeded up?
Overcrowding
It was anticipated that there would be a reduction in short-term sentences, but this has not yet materialised and the number of incoming prisoners on short sentences is high.
Resettlement/Release
There is a discrepancy between post-release arrangements for prisoners returning to Wales and for those returning to England.
Mental Health
Repeated
The Board continues to be concerned about men with diagnosed, or obviously diagnosable, mental health issues not being transferred to a secure mental health facility within the timescale specified in the protocol. It is further exacerbated by prisoners waiting lengthy periods of time for a suitable location. Some of these men are held in the care and separation unit (CSU), awaiting the transfer. However, there are a further 190 men in Berwyn with these types of mental health conditions.
Segregation
Repeated
As referenced above, we continue to be concerned about the number of men with mental health or personality disorders being held in the CSU. Men with these conditions are being held in CSU with limited mental stimulation.
Estate/Conditions
Paint is peeling off the walls of some of the cells. A programme of refurbishment was started several years ago to close a unit at a time, reducing capacity by 88 beds. This was stopped due to pressure demands in the prison estate, leading to men living in substandard cells.
Healthcare
If prisoners arrive late on Fridays, the pharmacist will not be available until the Monday. This is a major issue, as it means that medication cannot be dispensed over the weekend.
Food/Catering
Repeated
A new set of digital food thermometers was purchased earlier in the year. Unfortunately, we continue to record that these units are not working, as the batteries have been stolen.
Staffing
Repeated
We are still receiving reports from prisoners saying that they do not know who their key worker is.
Regime/Time Out of Cell
We have received many complaints from men who work all day. When they return to their units, they do not always get their allocated time in the open air.
Segregation
The CSU is often full.
Recommendations
| # | Recommendation | Addressee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
IPPs: can assistance with life after release be improved to reduce the level of recalls? Will the process of releasing these prisoners be speeded up?
Response
The Government is very mindful of the specific challenges faced by those serving Imprisonment for Public Protection (IPP) sentences. Whilst we are determined to make further progress to support this cohort towards a safe and sustainable release, it will not be in a way that compromises public protection. The refreshed IPP Action Plan, published on 17 July 2025, set a target in the plan to ensure that all IPP offenders recalled for being out of touch, or in relation to allegations which were quickly found to be unsubstantiated, will be considered for Risk Assessed Recall Review (RARR). The power of RARR has already been used to release a number of IPP prisoners, in some cases, months ahead of a parole hearing. I can assure the Board that we are not standing still on the issue of progressing those serving IPP sentences towards a prospective future release. As mentioned above, the refreshed IPP Action Plan puts an important emphasis on effective frontline delivery in our prisons and the Probation Service to ensure that those serving IPP sentences have robust and effective sentence plans, which they are actively engaging with, and that they are in the most appropriate prison for their needs. This is the most effective way to help them to reduce their risk so that they can progress towards safe release from custody. The refreshed Action Plan and IPP Annual Report can be accessed on the GOV.UK website. |
Ministry of Justice | In progress |
| 2 |
It was anticipated that there would be a reduction in short-term sentences, but this has not yet materialised and the number of incoming prisoners on short sentences is high. What steps will the Minister take to address this issue?
Response
I appreciate your concerns around prisoners arriving on short-term sentences. The Sentencing Bill, introduced on 2 September 2025, takes forward many recommendations made by the Independent Sentencing Review that require primary legislation. The reforms in the Sentencing Bill will ensure the demand on prisons is on a more sustainable footing going forwards. The Government is now delivering a series of reforms through the Bill that is currently before Parliament. These reforms will reduce reliance on short-term custody, while ensuring public protection and maintaining judicial discretion. The measures within the Sentencing Bill include: a presumption for courts to suspend short custodial sentences of 12 months or less (subject to exceptions); extension of suspended sentence orders up to three years from the current two years; enhanced community sentences such as bans on driving or from attending pubs or sports together with new tough restriction zones restricting offenders to a specific geographical area; and a new progression model including intensive supervision with tagging and new licence conditions but subject to exceptions. |
Ministry of Justice | In progress |
| 3 |
There is a discrepancy between post-release arrangements for prisoners returning to Wales and for those returning to England. What will the Minister do to rectify this?
Response
Turning to post-release arrangements, the Wales Resettlement Model delivers an assessment of immediate resettlement needs via a Guided Interview with all prisoners at HMP Berwyn regardless of their geographical home area. It ensures that every prisoner has an opportunity to discuss their needs and for follow-up signposting and referral to a range of resettlement provisions on-site or in the community to facilitate timely preparation for release. The Community Probation Practitioner and staff within the establishment are advised of the assessment findings and any actions that have been commenced or require their intervention to progress. Whilst early release schemes have put a pressure on this service, staff have prioritised those by proximity to release to ensure all prisoners are supported. |
Ministry of Justice | Noted |
| 4 |
The Board continues to be concerned about men with diagnosed, or obviously diagnosable, mental health issues not being transferred to a secure mental health facility within the timescale specified in the protocol. This is evidenced by 26 men transferred from HMP Berwyn in 2022-2023 and 36 in 2023-2024, but only 18 in 2024-2025. It is further exacerbated by prisoners waiting lengthy periods of time for a suitable location. Some of these men are held in the care and separation unit (CSU), awaiting the transfer. However, there are a further 190 men in Berwyn with these types of mental health conditions. Does the Minister consider prison and, in particular, the CSU, a suitable location for these men?
Repeated
Response
During 2024-25 HMP Berwyn received a high proportion of prisoners originating from the North West of England and needing hospital admission to a medium secure unit. It is acknowledged that there is a considerable waiting time and pressure on the availability of medium secure spaces in the North West of England. NHS commissioners consequently resorted to sourcing secure private beds that resulted in delays over the recommended 28 days. I can confirm that officials from Wales are working closely with the UK Government on the Mental Health Bill. The Bill recently completed Committee Stage in the House of Commons and the reforms include introducing a new statutory time limit of 28-days for the transfer of patients with a mental disorder from prison and other places of detention to hospital. This time limit, together with operational improvements, aims to reduce unnecessary delays and deliver swifter access to treatment. Whilst I cannot comment on individual cases and operational decisions, my officials assure me that the prison tries to avoid locating prisoners in segregation pending a transfer. Segregation is only used as a last resort to protect staff and prisoners and following multidisciplinary meetings. |
Ministry of Justice | In progress |
| 5 |
As referenced above, we continue to be concerned about the number of men with mental health or personality disorders being held in the CSU. Men with these conditions are being held in CSU with limited mental stimulation. Are these appropriate conditions to hold men?
Repeated
Response
During 2024-25 HMP Berwyn received a high proportion of prisoners originating from the North West of England and needing hospital admission to a medium secure unit. It is acknowledged that there is a considerable waiting time and pressure on the availability of medium secure spaces in the North West of England. NHS commissioners consequently resorted to sourcing secure private beds that resulted in delays over the recommended 28 days. I can confirm that officials from Wales are working closely with the UK Government on the Mental Health Bill. The Bill recently completed Committee Stage in the House of Commons and the reforms include introducing a new statutory time limit of 28-days for the transfer of patients with a mental disorder from prison and other places of detention to hospital. This time limit, together with operational improvements, aims to reduce unnecessary delays and deliver swifter access to treatment. Whilst I cannot comment on individual cases and operational decisions, my officials assure me that the prison tries to avoid locating prisoners in segregation pending a transfer. Segregation is only used as a last resort to protect staff and prisoners and following multidisciplinary meetings. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 6 |
Paint is peeling off the walls of some of the cells. A programme of refurbishment was started several years ago to close a unit at a time, reducing capacity by 88 beds. This was stopped due to pressure demands in the prison estate. Given the scale of the problem, and men living in substandard cells, is this acceptable and how can it be rectified?
Response
As the Board have noted, the rolling programme of cell painting improvements has had to be halted due to general prison population pressures preventing cells being taken out of use. However, when cells require repairs for reasons other than painting the opportunity is taken to improve the paintwork and work in this way has now been completed in approximately 300 cells. This work is undertaken by the Clean, Rehabilitative, Enabling & Decent (CRED) team of prisoners who may also receive formal training in plastering. CRED prisoners have described the job as the best they have ever had while in prison and the details of their training and experience is passed to employers as part of their preparations for release. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 7 |
If prisoners arrive late on Fridays, the pharmacist will not be available until the Monday. This is a major issue, as it means that medication cannot be dispensed over the weekend.
Response
Prison pharmacies are expected to comply with professional standards for medicines optimisation in secure environments as described by the Royal Pharmaceutical Society. All prisons in Wales have been subject to an external review against these standards. Services should be modelled to maximise prisoners’ access to medicines during initial hours following admission such as first night medications. Out-of-hours dispensing needs at HMP Berwyn is met is met via several ‘Mediwell’ facilities located in the healthcare building and on the house blocks where a range of medications is stored. Alongside this primary option, the healthcare provider has access to the emergency 24-hour pharmacy at the local hospital in the event a particular medication is required and not available on-site. These options ensure required medications are available over the weekends and out of hours. The only caveat is if a prisoner arrives at HMP Berwyn prescribed with a rare type of medication (usually prescribed by a specialist unit). In such circumstances there may be a delay as the hospital may not stock the required medication or the healthcare team are required to obtain the same from the prescribing specialist unit. |
HMPPS | Implemented |
| 8 | A new set of digital food thermometers was purchased earlier in the year. Unfortunately, we continue to record that these units are not working, as the batteries have been stolen. Repeated | Governor / Director | |
| 9 |
We are still receiving reports from prisoners saying that they do not know who their key worker is.
Repeated
Response
The response to the last report on key workers noted that 'New initiative being planned None yet in the reporting period'. |
Governor / Director | |
| 10 | We have received many complaints from men who work all day. When they return to their units, they do not always get their allocated time in the open air. | Governor / Director | |
| 11 | The CSU is often full. How will this problem be managed? | Governor / Director |
Applications to the IMB
| Category | Current | Previous |
|---|---|---|
| Accommodation, including laundry, clothing, ablutions | 20 | 38 |
| Canteen, facility list, catalogues | 1 | 11 |
| Discipline, including adjudications, incentives scheme, sanctions | 15 | 21 |
| Equality | 7 | 9 |
| Finance, including pay, private monies, spends | 9 | 17 |
| Food and kitchens | 4 | 16 |
| Health, including physical, mental, social care | 26 | 44 |
| Letters, visits, telephones, public protection, restrictions | 17 | 41 |
| Miscellaneous | 35 | 58 |
| Property during transfer or in another facility | 10 | 31 |
| Property within the establishment | 20 | 42 |
| Purposeful activity, including education, work, training, time out of cell | 8 | 20 |
| Sentence management, including HDC (home detention curfew), ROTL (release on temporary licence), parole, release dates, re-categorisation | 21 | 44 |
| Staff/prisoner concerns, including bullying | 20 | 58 |
| Transfers | 10 | 12 |
Related inspections & investigations
27 Jan 2025
HMIP · Unannounced
5 Nov 2025
PFD
Matthew Singh Prevention of future deaths report · State Custody related deaths | Wales prevention of future deaths reports (2019 onwards)
3 Dec 2019
PFD
Luke Jones · Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths; State Custody related deaths; Wales prevention of future deaths reports (2019 onwards)
Other reports for Berwyn
Report details
- Establishment
- Berwyn
- Type
- Prison · Cat C
- Report year
- 2025
- Published
- 15 August 2025
- Responsible body
- HMP Berwyn
- Recommendations
- 11
- MoJ rating (2024/25)
- 2 — Concern
Population
| Operational capacity | 2,000 |
Service providers
Education
Coleg Cambria
Healthcare
Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board
Maintenance
Amey