Source · Prevention of Future Deaths

Kimberley Parsons

Ref: 2015-0077 Date: 4 Mar 2015 Coroner: P Harrowing Area: Avon Responses identified: 2 / 2 View PDF

Unjustified advice on 'assisted self-harming' was given without research backing, consultant approval, or documentation, indicating a lack of clear protocols for novel treatments and training failures.

Date 4 Mar 2015
56-day deadline 29 Apr 2015 est.
Responses identified 2 of 2
Suicide (from 2015)

Coroner's concerns

AI summary
Unjustified advice on 'assisted self-harming' was given without research backing, consultant approval, or documentation, indicating a lack of clear protocols for novel treatments and training failures.
View full coroner's concerns
(1) The suggestion made to Ms Parsons_ a person with a history of self harming who remained at high risk of self-harming; that she could be assisted with self-harming was not an approach to patient care and treatment which was supported by any reference to the results of any research published in a peer-reviewed professional journal Therefore if this is a bona fide approach to treatment in a high risk patient then the Trust should be able to justify that this is a recognised and generally accepted practice by reference to the published literature andlor results of published research (2) If the Trust cannot provide evidence to support this treatment recognised and generally accepted practice then the Trust must establish proper procedures for the introduction use of novel treatments including the obtaining of any necessary ethical approvals_ (3) This discussion with regard to 'assisted self-harming' was not discussed by the nurse with the consultant psychiatrist nor was any record made of the discussion: The Trust should undertake a proper review of any training with respect to these matters so as to ensure any discussions with regard to proposed treatment are had with the full knowledge and agreement of the consultant in charge and that those discussions are properly recorded,

Responses

2 respondents
CQC Regulator / Inspectorate
4 Mar 2015 PDF
Action Taken

CQC carried out a comprehensive inspection of Avon and Wiltshire Partnership NHS Trust (AWP) in June 2014, leading to enforcement action and four warning notices. AWP addressed the warnings, including physical improvements to Hillview Lodge. A further comprehensive inspection will be undertaken before April 2016. (AI summary)

View full response
Dear the four rating point

Areas of the ward and grounds were staff could not easily observe patients; and The design of the unit did not promote privacy or dignity. Additionally, a number of compliance actions were issued; four were relevant to Hillview. The compliance actions served to inform a AWP that it was not compliant with the regulations These included:- Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2010, Regulation 9 (1) - observation practice_ Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2010, Regulation 16 (1)(b) emergency equipment: Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2010, Regulation 10 learning from incident Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2010, Regulation 23 training: CQC maintained regular contact with AWP following the comprehensive inspection in order to monitor progress its progress in meeting requirements and in addition, in December 2014 carried out a programme of unannounced inspections across AWP to establish whether the trust had complied with the warning notices. We carried out a focussed inspection at Hillview on the 17 December 2014. This identified: Significant financial investment had be made to improve the lines of site_ For example, wall had been knocked down to open up an area thus provided improved observation of patients The ward was clean; Observations were being carried out in line with risk assessments; Significant investment in both finance and time had been undertaken to identifying ligature points across the ward resulting in a complete 'Manchester Tool' ligature assessment. Plans were in place to rectify or manage the risks from existing ligatures. For example, a tree involved in a fatal injury in the garden area had been cut down Therefore, CQC judged that AWP had taken all reasonably practicable steps, within the time frame given, to comply with the relevant two warning notices_ However; the compliance actions remain in place: AWP is not yet fully compliant: For example, not all ligature risk management processes had been completed_ As the inspection in June 2014 was of the 'pilot' programme and not rated further comprehensive inspection will be undertaken at some time in the future (before April 2016) when AWP will be rated. As part of the inspection Hillview Lodge will be visited and particular attention will be paid to progress made against the compliance actions_ In addition, CQC undertakes focused visits to assess compliance with the the Mental Health Act Whilst these visits Iook closely at issues surrounding patients detained under the Mental Health Act they also look at environmental issues and health and safety. An unannounced Mental Health Act visit will be made to Hillview Lodge in the next few months_ part

Thank you for sending us a copy of the report that was issued to AWP regarding to the practice of an individual clinician We have brought this to the attention of Executive Director of Nursing at AWP during one of our routine meetings. will establish and provide further feedback regarding this. The practice of individual clinicians is not within CQCs remit:
Avon Wiltshire NHS Trust NHS / Health Body
23 Apr 2015 PDF
Action Planned

The trust does not endorse harm minimisation strategies, but after a staff member mooted 'safe self-harm' they plan to issue an internal safety alert to all clinical staff to remind them of this position. (AI summary)

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Dear Dr Harrowing am responding to the prevention of future deaths report you issued following the inquest into the death of Kimberly Parsons Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust does not currently endorse the use of harm minimisation strategies in deliberate self-harm We recognise that this is a highly specialised approach which should be undertaken in the most controlled of situations such as in a specialist unit Our staff member should not have mooted the possibility of safe self-harm with Kimberly as this is a term which is easily misinterpreted: am for the distress that this has caused to Kimberly and her family: The Medical Director has liaised with the national expert in this field, who will soon be joining the University of Bristol and our trust We will be looking at the possibility of research into the appropriateness, or not; of employing harm minimisation strategies. think it is important at this point to be clear about terminology: Our staff member, as a witness , spoke about 'safe harming' rather than 'assisted self- harming' . The recognised clinical term for 'safe self- harming' is 'harm minimisation'. This is a legitimate approach which is referenced in the NICE guideline 133: 'Self harm: longer term management' , which was issued in November 2011: 'If stopping self-harm is unrealistic in the short term: consider strategies aimed at harm reduction; reinforce existing coping strategies and develop new strategies as an alternative to self-harm where possible consider discussing less destructive or harmful methods of self-harm with the service user , their family, carers or significant others where this has been agreed with the service user, and the wider multidisciplinary team advise the service user that there is no safe way to self-poison" . only sorry self-

The use of harm minimisation strategies is also recognised by the Royal College of Psychiatrists, under certain circumstances_ We plan to issue an internal safety alert to all clinical staff to remind them of the trust's position regarding harm minimisation: The alert is prepared by our Consultant Nurse for suicide prevention and will be considered by both the trust Critical Incident Overview Group and the Suicide Prevention Group Once approved, will forward you a copy of the alert and confirm that it has been distributed: Thank you for bringing this matter to my attention.

Report sections

Investigation and inquest
On 28th March 2014 commenced an investigation into the death of Kimberley Jane Elizabeth PARSONS, Aged 23. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 6"h February. The conclusion of the Jury was that the medical cause of death was Ia) Hypoxic brain injury; 1b) Hanging and the conclusion was that of an Accidental death.
Circumstances of the death
Since 2008 Ms. Parsons had suffered with mental health problems with suicidal ideation In 2010 she was diagnosed with borderline personality disorder and in May 2010 she was admitted for the first time to Sycamore Ward, Hillview Lodge, Bath owing to suicidal intent; From that time until early 2014 Ms. Parsons took a number of overdoses of medication, self-harmed by cutting herself as well as trying to set herself on Following earlier admissions to Sycamore Ward in August 2013, November 2013 and January 2014 Ms. Parsons was again admitted to Sycamore Ward; Hillview Lodge, Bath, under Section 2, Mental Health Act 1983 on 7th March 2014. On admission it was noted that she had a high level of risk of self-harm in the context of a relapse of her mental health condition; Her prescribed medication on admission was mirtazapine tablets 45mg once daily, quetiapine tablets 50mg once daily and lorazepam 1 2 mg when required (within the dosage range of the British National Formulary) Ms_ Parsons remained distressed, low in mood and expressing a wish to die_ On 9th March 2014 Ms Parsons self-harmed on the ward by cutting her wrist with broken crockery. The wounds were treated appropriately by nursing staff on the ward Consultant Psychiatrist; reported that Ms. Parsons continued to express strong suicidal desires and was not wishing to engage On 12th March 2014 the staff nurse noted that Ms_ Parsons had again self-harmed on the ward and had used piece of broken crockery she had found in the garden to make a superficial to her wrist. On 14th March 2014 Ward Manager; Sycamore Ward, discussed with Ms. Parsons her recent attempts at self-harm on the ward and asked her how best she could be prevented from coming_to harm and to prevent her presentation from escalating: In evidence Istated that she asked Ms. Parsons whether staff allowing and supporting her to self-harm help her in any way; would it ease frustration, anger or urges to harm herself: Ireferred to 'evidence' suggesting that this approach can reduce the risk of infection by avoiding the person using dirty utensils and also that trying to stop an individual from self-harming could lead to more fatal and explorative methods of harming_ However;in evidence Iwas unable to identify any other examples where fire. very cut this approach had been adopted in the unit and she could not provide any references to peer-reviewed papers published in the professional literature: Importantly accepted that she had not discussed this matter with or any of the other medical staff, neither prior to nor after; her discussion with Ms Parsons In addition she made no record of the discussion in the medical records _ was asked whether he was aware of any evidence of this approach being adopted in such patients and in evidence he confirmed that he was not aware of any published papers in the professional journals to which he had access. Notwithstanding this discussion between and Ms_ Parsons there was no evidence that subsequently there had been any assistance provided to Ms. Parsons in the manner described by During the early hours of 16th March 2014 Ms; Parsons was found hanging in her room having used an item of clothing as a ligature Attempts at resuscitation were undertaken by ward staff and the paramedics were summoned: Ms_ Parsons was transferred to the Royal United Hospital, Bath where she was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit However; despite all efforts she died as a result of injuries on 24th March 2014.
Action should be taken
In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and believe you have the power to take such action_

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Report details

Reference
2015-0077
Date of report
4 March 2015
Coroner
P Harrowing
Coroner area
Avon

Responses identified

Responses identified 2 of 2
All listed responses identified

Organisations named in PFD reports are normally expected to respond within 56 days. Deadline: 29 Apr 2015 (estimated).

Sent to

Avon and Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust
Care Quality Commission

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