Source · Prevention of Future Deaths

Pauline Russell

Ref: 2020-0149 Date: 4 Aug 2020 Coroner: Yvonne Blake Area: Norfolk Responses identified: 1 / 1 View PDF

Hospital staff did not check if the deceased could read, impacting her ability to understand menus and discharge instructions; this practice remained unchanged eight months after her death.

Date 4 Aug 2020
56-day deadline 29 Sep 2020
Responses identified 1 of 1
Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths Hospital Death (Clinical Procedures and medical management) related deaths

Coroner's concerns

AI summary
Hospital staff did not check if the deceased could read, impacting her ability to understand menus and discharge instructions; this practice remained unchanged eight months after her death.
View full coroner's concerns
The MATTERS OF CONCERNS are as follows: That no-one checked whether Mrs Russell could read, her admission pack has a long section on communication but not once is the question asked can you read/write or something of that nature. Mrs Russell would have been given menus to select from and been expected to read other things whilst in hospital, but nobody checked that she could do this. On discharge no one checked that could read and understand the discharge summary. The inquest was 8 months after Mrs Russells’ death and when I asked the nurse who discharged her about his current practice around patients being asked about literacy his reply was “I’m thinking about it” so even a death had not altered his practice. The hospital has not introduced anything during this long period of time to ascertain if their patients can read/write. I appreciate that it can be embarrassing to ask the staff and patient, but it is vital that if people are being discharged home with written instructions, they can read them to check those instructions, or be shown in a different way what the instructions are, eg. a diagram, getting a relative to read them or a carer. I find it surprising that nothing has been done on the hospital’s own initiative in 8 months and I remain concerned that a similar incident may occur again.

Responses

1 respondent
James Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust NHS / Health Body
21 Sep 2020 PDF
Action Taken

The hospital trust has amended admission and discharge documentation to include additional checks regarding literacy support, shared updated documentation with ward managers, and will carry out monthly audits to ensure compliance. The pharmacy department also implemented a new system which communicates patient's discharge letter to their usual community pharmacy. (AI summary)

View full response
Dear Ms Blake Re: Regulation 28 Report to Prevent Future Deaths following the inquest into the death of Mrs Pauline Russell. Thank you for your letter received on 10 August 2020 following your inquest into the death of Pauline Russell. Firstly, I would like· to offer my condolences on behalf of the Trust to Pauline's family for her sad passing. Following the evidence heard at your inquest, the medical cause of death was given as: 1 a) Aspiration Pneumonia 1 b) Hypoglycaemic Coma 1c) - ·
2) Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitis, Previous Stroke I understand that you have made this report under paragraph 7, Schedule 5, of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009 and regulations 28 and 29 of the Coroners (Investigations) Regulations
2013. The Trust has carefully considered the issues set out in your letter in order to respond to your concerns. Following your inquest, the hospital's Director of Nursing instigated a review of the admission and discharge documentation used across the Trust to identify any required changes. As a result of this review, the admission and discharge documentation has been amended to include additional checks relating to literacy support. The Multi-Disciplinary Care Recorc:rh-ow requires staff to check whether the patient is able to read English and if any additional support is required. The 'Discharge Checklist' also highlights language and literacy skills to the completing staff and signposts them to the new admissions booklet. Please see enclosed copy of the amended documentation. The updated documentatior:, has been

shared with. ward managers to cascade accordingly and the documentation will be formally launched at the Clinical Leaders Event on 7 October 2020. To ensure compliance, the Trust will carry out a monthly audit of this documentation with the first results available at the end of October. During the discharge proce~s, nursing staff are expected to discuss medications With patients and their relatives (if appropriate) to ensure that they have a full understanding of their medication administration. This discussion should include specific information about the dosage to avoid any misinterpretation. If concerns are identified during the medicines reconciliation process, this would be assessed and the patient and their carers. supported accordingly. Staff are encouraged to use a 'Check and Challenge' approach to ensure patients have a full and safe understanding of their medications. This approach includes staff asking questions to patients and carers to evaluate their understanding and identify if further assistance is required, for example an interpreter. In March 2020, the pharmacy department implemented a new system which communicates a patient's _discharge letter to· their usual community pharmacy: this allows a further opportunity to offer medication support. In addition, the discharge letter is sent to the patient's General Practitioner to arrange any require~ follow up and make them aware of any medication changes. I understand in this case, nursing staff were unaware of the patient's and carer's literacy difficulties and I am satisfied that the cha,nges to documentation and learning from this case will help prevent a similar inciqent occurring. I would like to thank you for bringing your concerns to my attention. If you require anything further, then please do not hesitate to contact me. I understand that this letter may be shared with Paulina's family and I would like to take this opportunity to personally extend my sincere condolences for their loss.

Report sections

Investigation and inquest
On 25 November 2019 I commenced an investigation into the death of Pauline Russell aged 61. The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 31/07/2020. The conclusion of the inquest was a narrative conclusion as follows: Mrs Pauline Russell died at the James Paget Hospital, Lowestoft Road, Gorleston, Norfolk on 22 November 2019 from Aspiration Pneumonia following her collapsing in a hypoglycemic coma. Mrs Russell had been injecting a higher incorrect dose of insulin since her discharge from hospital on 11 November 2019. The Medical Cause of Death is 1a Aspiration Pneumonia 1b Hypoglycaemic Coma
2. Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitis, Previous stroke.
Circumstances of the death
Mrs Russell, a poorly controlled diabetic, was admitted to the James Paget Hospital, Gorleston, Gt. Yarmouth on 6/11/19 with a history of falls, and a urinary tract infection. She took amongst other things, insulin twice daily. Her insulin was increased to 64 units twice daily and she was discharged on 8/11/19 on this regime. Neither or Mrs Russell can read or write. Mrs Russell went home first, and her husband returned to the hospital to collect her medication. He was given a bag of medication and saw a letter inside. The staff nurse gave evidence that he went through Mrs Russell’s medications with using the discharge letter as reference. In any event Mrs Russell told her husband when he returned home that the doctor had increased her insulin to 92 units twice daily. queried this, but she was adamant that is what she had been told. The correct dose to be given was listed on the discharge summary which neither could read. Mrs Russell received 5 days of 92 units of insulin B.D. drew it up in the pen because Mrs Russell had cataracts and she injected it herself. On the morning of the 17/11/19 a carer arrived, and Mrs Russell was unresponsive and so she began resuscitation and called an ambulance. Mrs Russell was given glucose by paramedics which slightly improved her condition, but she did not wake up. Life support was withdrawn, and Mrs Russell died on 22/11/19.
Inquest conclusion
Mrs Pauline Russell died at the James Paget Hospital, Lowestoft Road, Gorleston, Norfolk on 22 November 2019 from Aspiration Pneumonia following her collapsing in a hypoglycemic coma. Mrs Russell had been injecting a higher incorrect dose of insulin since her discharge from hospital on 11 November 2019. The Medical Cause of Death is 1a Aspiration Pneumonia 1b Hypoglycaemic Coma
2. Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitis, Previous stroke.

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Report details

Reference
2020-0149
Date of report
4 August 2020
Coroner
Yvonne Blake
Coroner area
Norfolk

Responses identified

Responses identified 1 of 1
All listed responses identified

Organisations named in PFD reports are normally expected to respond within 56 days. Deadline: 29 Sep 2020.

Sent to

James Paget University Hospital

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