Select Committee · Business and Trade Committee

Liberty Steel and the Future of the UK Steel Industry

Status: Closed Opened: 27 Apr 2021 Closed: 20 Jan 2022 23 recommendations 19 conclusions 1 report

The BEIS Committee is holding an inquiry into Liberty Steel and the Future of the UK Steel Industry. On 8 March 2021, the supply chain finance firm Greensill Capital collapsed into administration after months of speculation about its financial viability. Greensill was the principal financial backer of GFG Alliance, owner of Liberty Steel, which is … Show more

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the future of the UK stee… HC 821 5 Nov 2021 42 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

14 items
1 Conclusion Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

The corporate structure and governance of GFG Alliance companies resulted in no formal oversight or...

The corporate structure and governance of GFG Alliance companies resulted in no formal oversight or accountability of the decisions taken by Sanjeev Gupta. Mr Gupta put members of his staff in an unacceptable position by employing them with job titles associated with traditional executive functions in well run companies, without … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees that complex corporate structures should not be a legal barrier to proper scrutiny of companies like the GFG Alliance, while noting it does not wish to restrict business structuring.
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Department for Business and Trade
2 Recommendation Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We recommend that Ministers reflect on the systemic risks to UK industry posed by such...

We recommend that Ministers reflect on the systemic risks to UK industry posed by such unusual corporate structures and, if deemed necessary, bring forward amendments to the Companies Act. (Paragraph 29) Audit

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges that complex corporate structures should not hinder scrutiny but states it does not wish to restrict the ability of businesses to structure themselves, without committing to bringing forward amendments to the Companies Act.
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Department for Business and Trade
3 Conclusion Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We were not reassured by the evidence presented by King & King and note the...

We were not reassured by the evidence presented by King & King and note the legal restrictions placed upon Mr Patel, and other auditors who had previously audited GFG Alliance companies, by Sanjeev Gupta.

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges that complex corporate structures should not be a legal barrier to scrutiny but expresses a desire not to restrict business structuring, without committing to specific actions.
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Department for Business and Trade
10 Conclusion Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We note the recent developments within GFG Alliance and Liberty Steel UK and welcome the...

We note the recent developments within GFG Alliance and Liberty Steel UK and welcome the injection of capital at Liberty Steel’s Rotherham plant. However, we note that once again Sanjeev Gupta has decided to set up an additional corporate entity to provide financial support to Liberty Steel UK companies without … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government, via BEIS and the FRC, acknowledged the public interest in the issues of opaque funding at Liberty Steel, outlining the FRC's investigative remit and procedures for handling such cases, noting the specific entities are not usually within FRC's scope but can be reclaimed.
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Department for Business and Trade
17 Conclusion Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We did not receive evidence that the use of circular trading between companies is a...

We did not receive evidence that the use of circular trading between companies is a systemic issue, but note the potential criminal liability associated with the worst examples of financial engineering between businesses. Despite repeated reassurances from GFG Alliance, we remain unconvinced by Sanjeev Gupta’s attempts to re- structure and … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government notes that the International Accounting Standards Board has proposed amendments to reporting supply chain finance, which the UK Endorsement Board and Financial Reporting Council will consider for adoption. The government also states it will continue to closely monitor Liberty Steel UK's restructuring and …
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Department for Business and Trade
18 Conclusion Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We note that concerns were raised by HM Treasury and shared with BEIS about GFG...

We note that concerns were raised by HM Treasury and shared with BEIS about GFG Alliance and Wyelands Bank during the accreditation process of Greensill Capital to the CLBIL scheme.

Government response AI summary
The government welcomes the Committee's acknowledgment that BEIS acted properly and the British Business Bank operated independently, implicitly addressing the noted concerns about GFG Alliance and Wyelands Bank.
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Department for Business and Trade
19 Conclusion Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We recognise that the subsequent level of interest from the BEIS Department about the accreditation...

We recognise that the subsequent level of interest from the BEIS Department about the accreditation of Greensill Capital was “unusual” but we are confident that this did not impact the approval process and the British Business Bank’s decision remained independent. Given the potential impact of the financial position of Greensill … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government welcomes the Committee’s acknowledgment that BEIS acted properly and that the British Business Bank operated independently in the Greensill Capital accreditation process.
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Department for Business and Trade
34 Conclusion Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

There is a clear lack of direction with respect to the future of the nation’s...

There is a clear lack of direction with respect to the future of the nation’s blast furnaces both within the Government and in industry. A range of options exist for the decarbonisation of primary steelmaking, including carbon capture and storage (CCS), hydrogen, or a mixture of technologies running in parallel. … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the sector's decarbonisation plans, stating that the optimal route is a commercial decision for individual companies, and points to existing support mechanisms in the Net Zero Strategy.
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Department for Business and Trade
35 Recommendation Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We found broad agreement that the UK should retain a primary steelmaking capacity rather than...

We found broad agreement that the UK should retain a primary steelmaking capacity rather than push its emissions and business abroad, a point recognised in the Government’s own Industrial Decarbonisation Strategy. However, if the Government is serious about its emissions targets and given that the nation’s blast Liberty Steel and … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states it is working with the steel sector to understand decarbonisation plans and highlights existing support through the Net Zero Strategy. It emphasizes that the optimal decarbonisation route is a commercial decision for companies, without committing to new specific actions to provide immediate …
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Department for Business and Trade
36 Recommendation Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We identified enthusiasm from many witnesses for the use of hydrogen direct reduced iron as...

We identified enthusiasm from many witnesses for the use of hydrogen direct reduced iron as a technology well-suited to decarbonising the UK steel industry. However, as with other potential solutions, it is a technology that remains untested at scale. A pilot of hydrogen-based steel production in the UK would help … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states it is working with the sector to understand decarbonisation investment plans, noting that the optimal route is a commercial decision for companies, and points to existing support in the Net Zero Strategy for which the steel sector can bid, without committing to …
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Department for Business and Trade
39 Recommendation Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

Many of the challenges facing the UK steel industry today are long-running and have led...

Many of the challenges facing the UK steel industry today are long-running and have led to crises in the past. Without fundamental reform of energy pricing and a clear decarbonisation strategy, the sector will fail to attract much needed investment and continue on a path of accelerating decline. The Government’s … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledged the pressures faced by businesses due to rising energy prices and stated that extensive engagement with industry continues, but did not commit to fundamental reform of energy pricing or a clear decarbonisation strategy.
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Department for Business and Trade
40 Conclusion Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

A successful transition to net zero will be dependent on addressing the wider challenges and...

A successful transition to net zero will be dependent on addressing the wider challenges and opportunities facing the UK steel industry. These issues will need to be tackled as part of a broader, strategic approach to decarbonisation.

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledged pressures from energy prices and noted ongoing engagement with industry but did not specifically commit to a broader, strategic approach to decarbonisation for the steel industry as suggested.
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Department for Business and Trade
41 Recommendation Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

The steel industry has faced a number of crises in recent years but action to...

The steel industry has faced a number of crises in recent years but action to support the sector has been taken on a mostly ad hoc, reactive basis. The sector cannot continue to lurch from crisis to crisis and action is needed now if the UK is to retain a … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government recognises the pressures on businesses due to energy prices and states that extensive engagement with industry is continuing across government.
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Department for Business and Trade
42 Recommendation Fourth Report - Liberty Steel and the f… Acknowledged

We call on Ministers to establish a new Sector Deal for the steel industry.

We call on Ministers to establish a new Sector Deal for the steel industry. The Sector Deal should address long-running challenges to the sector’s competitiveness as part of a cohesive plan for decarbonising the industry. It should set out a range of supportive policies to assist this transition and a … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government recognizes the pressures on businesses and ongoing engagement with the industry but does not commit to establishing a new Sector Deal for the steel industry or providing a decarbonisation roadmap as recommended.
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Department for Business and Trade

Oral evidence sessions

5 sessions
Date Witnesses
20 Jul 2021 Charlotte Baker · Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, Rt Hon Christopher Pincher MP · Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government, Rt Hon Kwasi Kwarteng · Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy View ↗
6 Jul 2021 Cynthia O'Murchu · Financial Times, Dr Javed Siddiqui · Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, S. Alex Yang · London Business School View ↗
29 Jun 2021 Milan Patel · King & King Chartered Accountants, Patrick Magee · British Business Bank, Stephen Rose · Wyelands Bank View ↗
22 Jun 2021 Anton Krull · Liberty Steel UK, Henrik Adam · Tata Steel Europe, Jon Bolton · GFG Global Advisory Board View ↗
25 May 2021 Chris McDonald · Materials Processing Institute, Edwin Basson · World Steel Association, Gareth Stace · UK Steel, Roy Rickhuss · Community Trade Union, Roz Bulleid · Green Alliance, Rt Hon Kwasi Kwarteng · Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy View ↗

Who gave evidence

17 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Rt Hon Kwasi Kwarteng · Secretary of State Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 2
Anton Krull · Chief Financial Officer Liberty Steel UK 1
Charlotte Baker · Director of Net Zero and Greener Buildings Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government 1
Chris McDonald · Chief Executive Officer Materials Processing Institute 1
Cynthia O'Murchu · Investigative Reporter Financial Times 1
Dr Javed Siddiqui · Professor of Accounting Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester 1
Edwin Basson · Director General World Steel Association 1
Gareth Stace · Director General UK Steel 1
Henrik Adam · Chief Executive Officer Tata Steel Europe 1
Jon Bolton · Board Member GFG Global Advisory Board 1
Milan Patel · Partner King & King Chartered Accountants 1
Patrick Magee · Chief Commercial Officer British Business Bank 1
Roy Rickhuss · General Secretary Community Trade Union 1
Roz Bulleid · Head of Policy Green Alliance 1
Rt Hon Christopher Pincher MP · Minister for Housing Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government 1
S. Alex Yang · Associate Professor of Management Science and Ope… London Business School 1
Stephen Rose · Chief Executive Officer Wyelands Bank 1

Correspondence

23 letters
DateDirectionTitle
2 Nov 2021 To cttee Letter from the Secretary of State on Liberty Steel and the UK steel industry
2 Nov 2021 To cttee Letter from the Secretary of State on evidence given on Liberty Steel and the f…
2 Nov 2021 To cttee Letter from the Secretary of State on the possibility of a deal for the UK stee…
2 Nov 2021 To cttee Letter from GFG Alliance in response to BEIS Committee written questions
2 Nov 2021 Email to the Chair from Lex Greensill relating to Greensill Capital, received 2…
2 Nov 2021 To cttee Letter from Grant Thornton UK LLP relating to Greensill Capital
22 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from the British Business Bank on Greensill Capital's application for ac…
22 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from Grant Thornton UK LLP responding to questions on the financial arra…
19 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from the Chair to Grant Thornton UK LLP regarding Greensill Capital
14 Jul 2021 Email to the Chair from Lex Greensill relating to Greensill Capital
14 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from the Chair to Sanjeev Gupta on GFG Alliance and Liberty Steel
13 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from the British Business Bank on CLBILS and Greensill Capital
13 Jul 2021 From cttee Letter to Grant Thornton UK LLP on Simec Lochaber Hydropower 2
13 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from the Secretary of State and the Secretary of State for International…
8 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from GFG Alliance declining the invitation to give oral evidence to the …
8 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from the Secretary of state for International Trade and the Secretary of…
8 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from the Chair of the British Business Bank relating to Greensill Capital
8 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from the former CEO of the British Business Bank relating to Greensill C…
8 Jul 2021 To cttee Letter from Grant Thornton UK LLP relating to Simec Lochaber Hydropower 2
30 Jun 2021 To cttee Response from Mr Lex Greensill in answer to the Chair's letters of 7 and 16 Jun…