Select Committee · Women and Equalities Committee

Reform of the Gender Recognition Act

Status: Closed Opened: 28 Oct 2020 Closed: 12 Dec 2022 24 recommendations 6 conclusions 1 report

The Government has published its proposals for changes to the gender recognition process and set out how it plans to move forward. The Women and Equalities Committee will examine these proposals, gathering evidence on whether the Government’s proposed changes are the right ones and whether they go far enough. This inquiry will explore what changes, … Show more

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Third report- Reform of the Gender Recognition Act HC 977 21 Dec 2021 30 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

30 items
1 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Accepted

We consider the reduction in the fee for a Gender Recognition Certificate from £140 to...

We consider the reduction in the fee for a Gender Recognition Certificate from £140 to £5 to be a step in the right direction. This new nominal amount will however contribute virtually nothing to the running of the Gender Recognition Certificate system and appears tokenistic. The Government’s consultation showed that … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejected the claim that the £5 fee reduction was 'tokenistic', explaining that it allowed for quick implementation via secondary legislation, unlike full removal which would require primary legislation. They noted a significant increase in GRC applications since the fee reduction, demonstrating its positive …
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Government Equalities Office
2 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Accepted

We welcome the move to offer applicants a digital route.

We welcome the move to offer applicants a digital route. This will bring the process up to date with other Government services, which can be accessed online. The Government must ensure it is a system that can be accessed via smartphones as well as other devices. It will also need … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepted the recommendation, confirming the digitised GRC application process is in its testing phase and will be operational by summer 2022. It assured the system's accessibility on smartphones and mobiles, and committed to retaining a paper-based application process for those who prefer it.
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Government Equalities Office
3 Conclusion Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Acknowledged

The wording of the statement by the Minister for Women and Equalities suggested that the...

The wording of the statement by the Minister for Women and Equalities suggested that the three clinics she referred to were new initiatives, driven by the Government Equalities Office in response to its consultation. The three pilot clinics in question had, in fact, already been announced and were a product … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government detailed that NHSEI is committed to commissioning a new service model, is evaluating existing pilot clinics by an independent third party, and will use these findings to develop a new service specification to ensure reduced waiting times are maintained.
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Government Equalities Office
4 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

The length of time taken by the Government Equalities Office to respond to its own...

The length of time taken by the Government Equalities Office to respond to its own consultation is unacceptable. Not only did this delay exacerbate tensions between an already polarised group of stakeholders, but it also caused real distress to many within the transgender community. The Government’s own Consultation Principles make … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledged the importance of engaging with the committee but did not address the specific criticism regarding the unacceptable delay in responding to its consultation or the failure to communicate progress during the delay. It highlighted that a response was eventually published and Ministers …
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Government Equalities Office
5 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Rejected

The Government’s reforms should improve the process for transgender people, whilst ensuring the appropriate safeguards...

The Government’s reforms should improve the process for transgender people, whilst ensuring the appropriate safeguards for those with concerns. The Government should bring back an action plan for reform to the Gender Recognition Act within 12 72 Reform of the Gender Recognition Act weeks in those areas where there was … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government explicitly rejected the recommendation for an action plan to reform the Gender Recognition Act, stating its September 2020 position on spousal consent, living in acquired gender, and diagnosis requirements remains correct and provides robust checks and balances. They clarified that the consultation was …
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Government Equalities Office
6 Conclusion Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

Ministers are fundamentally accountable to Parliament and have a duty to make themselves available for...

Ministers are fundamentally accountable to Parliament and have a duty to make themselves available for scrutiny by the House and its committees. The same applies, with certain qualifications, to other public servants and public officeholders. We are deeply disappointed by the approach taken by both the Government Equalities Office and … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response did not address the committee's deep disappointment regarding the GEO and EHRC's perceived evasion of parliamentary scrutiny and failure to engage with the inquiry. Instead, it focused on rejecting the claim that the GRC fee reduction was 'tokenistic' and explained its rationale.
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Government Equalities Office
7 Conclusion Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

The Government Equalities Office response to the consultation on the Gender Recognition Act was minimal...

The Government Equalities Office response to the consultation on the Gender Recognition Act was minimal and ignored areas where there was a majority in support for change. The Minister for Women and Equalities committed to reducing the fee, placing the process online and opening at least three new gender clinics … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response defended the £5 fee reduction, arguing it was not 'tokenistic' and was implemented quickly via secondary legislation, leading to a significant increase in GRC applications. However, it did not directly address the committee's broader criticism that the overall consultation response was minimal …
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Government Equalities Office
8 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

We remain frustrated at the degree of engagement by the Government Equalities Office and the...

We remain frustrated at the degree of engagement by the Government Equalities Office and the Equality and Human Rights Commission. These key bodies have a vital role to play in enforcing and enacting real change in this area. They should be willing to participate in ongoing discussions with this Committee … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response discusses the digitisation of the GRC application process, which is unrelated to the committee's call for ministerial cooperation and compliance with accountability procedures.
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Government Equalities Office
9 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

We believe that the requirement of a diagnosis of gender dysphoria in order to obtain...

We believe that the requirement of a diagnosis of gender dysphoria in order to obtain a Gender Recognition Certificate should be removed from the Gender Recognition Act, moving the process closer to a system of self-declaration. The legal recognition Reform of the Gender Recognition Act 73 process should not involve … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response details progress on digitising the GRC application process, which does not address the recommendation to remove the requirement for a gender dysphoria diagnosis.
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Government Equalities Office
10 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Rejected

The Government should remove the diagnosis of gender dysphoria from the Gender Recognition Act by...

The Government should remove the diagnosis of gender dysphoria from the Gender Recognition Act by 2023, reflecting the support for this in responses to its own consultation. It must ensure that appropriate safeguards are in place when doing so, including retaining the requirement for a statutory declaration. Robust guidance on … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects removing the diagnosis of gender dysphoria from the Gender Recognition Act, stating its current position is appropriate and that diagnosis requirements ensure a robust process. It will amend the reference to 'disorder' but not the diagnosis requirement itself, and highlights existing safeguards.
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Government Equalities Office
11 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Rejected

There are significant problems with the requirement to have lived in the acquired gender.

There are significant problems with the requirement to have lived in the acquired gender. There is no clear, accepted or agreed definition of what living like a man or a woman is. This makes it difficult for a person to demonstrate whether they are masculine or feminine enough to obtain … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejected the recommendation to remove the requirement to have lived in the acquired gender, stating its September 2020 position on evidential requirements in the GRA remains appropriate and robust. They clarified that the assessment relies on routine documentary evidence rather than gender stereotypes.
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Government Equalities Office
12 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Rejected

The requirement for an applicant legally transitioning to complete a statutory declaration is an essential...

The requirement for an applicant legally transitioning to complete a statutory declaration is an essential safeguard which ensures that they are doing so with genuine intent. We believe this requirement must be retained. We accept that there are cases where some individuals might regret their decision to legally transition. We … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects amending the wording of the statutory declaration, stating that its current position, including the evidential and diagnosis requirements in the Gender Recognition Act, strikes the correct balance and ensures a robust process.
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Government Equalities Office
13 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Rejected

We have carefully considered the arguments for and against the spousal consent provision.

We have carefully considered the arguments for and against the spousal consent provision. The choice to transition by one spouse can, for some, fundamentally change the nature of the relationship and the marriage contract. The spouse of the person transitioning must be informed of their spouse’s decision to change their … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejected the committee's implicit recommendation that spousal consent or annulment should not cause delay in obtaining a GRC. It maintained that its existing position, set out in September 2020, is correct, asserting that the current legislation strikes the right balance with proper checks …
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Government Equalities Office
14 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

We recommend the requirement for spousal consent should be removed.

We recommend the requirement for spousal consent should be removed. When an application is made, the non-transitioning spouse should be notified by the body 74 Reform of the Gender Recognition Act processing the application (currently the Gender Recognition Panel) that their transitioning spouse has applied for a Certificate. The non-transitioning … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response commits to engaging fully with the Committee and building a constructive relationship, which does not address the recommendation to remove the spousal consent requirement for a Gender Recognition Certificate.
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Government Equalities Office
15 Conclusion Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

We agree with the Government Equalities Office that the age of 18 is the appropriate...

We agree with the Government Equalities Office that the age of 18 is the appropriate age at which an individual should be able to decide on whether they want to apply for legal gender recognition. Part of the process of applying for legal recognition is making a statutory declaration. It … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response did not address the committee's conclusion agreeing that 18 is the appropriate age for legal gender recognition. Instead, it provided a generic statement acknowledging the importance of committee engagement and committing to a constructive relationship.
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Government Equalities Office
16 Conclusion Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Acknowledged

We are aware that there has been a significant increase in the number of referrals...

We are aware that there has been a significant increase in the number of referrals to Gender Identity Development Services in recent years. We strongly believe that improved support is needed to help young people seeking to transition, especially mental health support. Young people should have access to services which … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the need for improved support, detailing ongoing evaluation of pilot clinics to inform a new service model for adults and reiterating its commitment to investing in general mental health services through the NHS Long Term Plan, but not specific new actions for …
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Government Equalities Office
17 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Rejected

Transparency around the operation and decision-making of the Gender Recognition Panel is a concern to...

Transparency around the operation and decision-making of the Gender Recognition Panel is a concern to many people applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate. It is clear to us that the existence of the Panel itself can, at times, discourage people from applying for a GRC. We believe that another system … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the recommendation to replace the Gender Recognition Panel or conduct a review of its structure, stating it is satisfied the Panel is fulfilling its duties and that a replacement would not be appropriate. It highlights existing efforts to simplify the application process.
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Government Equalities Office
18 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

Section 22 of the Gender Recognition Act is important.

Section 22 of the Gender Recognition Act is important. It ensures the privacy of transgender people by making it a criminal offence for a person who has acquired information about a person’s GRC, in an official capacity, to disclose it without the transgender person’s consent (except in limited circumstances). No … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response did not address the recommendation to amend Section 22 of the Gender Recognition Act to cover only deliberate and knowing disclosures. Instead, it reiterated its view that the overall diagnosis requirements in the GRA are robust and appropriate.
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Government Equalities Office
19 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

We reiterate our predecessor Committee’s recommendation for better guidance on the single-sex and separate-sex exceptions...

We reiterate our predecessor Committee’s recommendation for better guidance on the single-sex and separate-sex exceptions and urge the Government Equalities Office and Equality and Human Rights Commission to publish this guidance, using worked examples and case studies from organisations providing these services. We also strongly recommend that the Government Equalities … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response states its view on the appropriateness of diagnosis requirements in the GRA, which does not address the recommendation to publish guidance on single-sex/separate-sex exceptions and trans/non-binary inclusive services.
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Government Equalities Office
20 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Deferred

We recommend that the Government Equalities Office conduct a review into the use of the...

We recommend that the Government Equalities Office conduct a review into the use of the occupational requirement exception and how it is currently being applied. This review should consider the role of the GRA and how it interacts with the Equality Act and employment laws, and make recommendations to strengthen … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government redirected the recommendation for the GEO to conduct a review into occupational requirement exceptions, stating that the EHRC has committed to issuing separate guidance on these provisions. It did not commit to the broader scope of a review, making recommendations, or setting targets …
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Government Equalities Office
21 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Acknowledged

Guidance on the application of the sports exception continues to be confused and inadequate, leaving...

Guidance on the application of the sports exception continues to be confused and inadequate, leaving many sports providers feeling unclear about its application. The Sports Council Equality Group has produced some guidance to try and bridge this gap. However, both the Government Equalities Office and Equality and Human Rights Commission … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government notes that the EHRC is currently looking to update its guidance on single-sex exceptions in the Equality Act. However, it does not commit to the specific recommendation for EHRC and GEO to work with various groups to publish supplementary guidance or develop comprehensive …
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Government Equalities Office
22 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

The conflation of the terms sex and gender in both the Gender Recognition Act and...

The conflation of the terms sex and gender in both the Gender Recognition Act and Equality Act has led to widespread confusion and disagreement. We welcome the Equality and Human Rights Commission guidance on sex and gender reassignment and believe it is clear in explaining the rights of those who … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government reiterated its view that the position set out in September 2020 is appropriate and that GRA evidential requirements ensure a robust legal gender recognition process, but did not address the recommendation on updating language in acts and official documents.
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Government Equalities Office
23 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

We recognise the importance of collecting and monitoring data on natal sex, especially in cases...

We recognise the importance of collecting and monitoring data on natal sex, especially in cases of equality monitoring. We also recognise the sensitives around collecting and monitoring data on natal sex and the distress it can cause trans and gender non-conforming people. The Government Equalities Office should work closely with … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government reiterated its view that the position set out in September 2020 is appropriate and that GRA evidential requirements ensure a robust legal gender recognition process, but did not address the recommendation on developing data collection guidelines.
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Government Equalities Office
24 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Accepted in Part

We commend the work undertaken by NHS England to open more gender identity clinics and...

We commend the work undertaken by NHS England to open more gender identity clinics and welcome the announcement of the opening of a further two pilot clinics. We are, however, concerned to learn that waiting times for these clinics continue to be lengthy. There also appears to be a lack … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states NHSEI is committed to commissioning a new adult service model and evaluating pilot clinics to inform permanent commissioning. They are working to move services in the South West to a new model by 2023, and reference existing mental health funding and ongoing …
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Government Equalities Office
25 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Accepted

NHS England should also consider more appropriate and effective responses and services to patients facing...

NHS England should also consider more appropriate and effective responses and services to patients facing lengthy waiting list times than the current communications. This must include access to trans/gender non-conforming inclusive or specific mental health services. The GEO, DHSC and NHS England should provide this Committee Reform of the Gender … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepted the recommendation, committing DHSC to provide annual updates on pilot clinics and their impact on waiting times. It outlined new pilot clinics for holistic care, including psychological services, established regional professional support services, and allocated an additional £500 million for mental health …
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Government Equalities Office
26 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

There is undoubtedly an urgent need for more trained and specialist clinicians who have the...

There is undoubtedly an urgent need for more trained and specialist clinicians who have the knowledge and understanding to work in the growing number of gender identity clinics. We welcome NHS England’s funding of a programme in gender dysphoria medicine. However, we are concerned that NHS England do not have … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response did not address the recommendation for DHSC and NHS England to attract more trainee doctors to specialise in gender identity healthcare. Instead, it discussed the necessity and retention of the statutory declaration requirement for GRC applications.
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Government Equalities Office
27 Conclusion Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

We are aware that the COVID-19 pandemic has made access to primary healthcare more difficult...

We are aware that the COVID-19 pandemic has made access to primary healthcare more difficult for everybody, including transgender and non-binary people. In her response to the Gender Recognition Act Consultation, the Minister for Women and Equalities argued that the most important concern for transgender people was the state of … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response discusses the necessity of a statutory declaration for gender recognition and does not address the committee's concerns about the Government Equalities Office's work on transgender and non-binary primary healthcare.
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Government Equalities Office
28 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

The Government Equalities Office and Department for Health and Social Care should develop a healthcare...

The Government Equalities Office and Department for Health and Social Care should develop a healthcare strategy for transgender and non-binary people within the next year. The strategy should include: • improved and mandatory training for GPs around treating trans and non- binary patients; • guidance for healthcare professionals, including how … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response defines the term 'spouse' and does not address the recommendation to develop a healthcare strategy for transgender and non-binary people.
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Government Equalities Office
29 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Not Addressed

We welcome confirmation from the Department of Health and Social Care that the LGBT Action...

We welcome confirmation from the Department of Health and Social Care that the LGBT Action Plan is considered a point of reference for the Department. However, we are concerned that the Government Equalities Office appears to have abandoned it. This demonstrates how disjointed the Governments approach to LGBT+ issues is. … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response defines the term 'spouse' and does not address the recommendation to commit to the LGBT Action Plan or reinstate the LGBT Advisory Panel.
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Government Equalities Office
30 Recommendation Third report- Reform of the Gender Reco… Rejected

When the previous Government launched its consultation into the reform of the Gender Recognition Act,...

When the previous Government launched its consultation into the reform of the Gender Recognition Act, it explicitly stated that one of its aims was to gather evidence to further advance equality for non-binary and intersex people. The LGBT Action Plan also made a commitment to improve the Government’s understanding of … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government stated its position that no changes are needed to the Gender Recognition Act (GRA), asserting that UK law defines individuals as male or female on their birth certificate. While acknowledging its previous work exploring experiences of VSC and non-binary people, the government essentially …
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Government Equalities Office

Oral evidence sessions

6 sessions
Date Witnesses
16 Jun 2021 Jo Churchill MP · Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, Melanie Field OBE · Equality and Human Rights Commission, The Baroness Falkner of Margravine · Equality and Human Rights Commission View ↗
12 May 2021 Dr Harriet Hutchinson · Action for Trans Health Durham, Dr John Chisholm CBE · British Medical Association, Dr Michael Brady · NHS England, John Stewart · NHS England, Leigh Chislett · 56 Dean Street View ↗
21 Apr 2021 Dr Judith Green · Woman's Place UK, Dr Nicola Williams · Fair Play for Women, Raquel Rosario-Sanchez · FiLiA View ↗
17 Mar 2021 Cat Burton · Gender Identity Research and Education Society, Dr Jane Hamlin · Beaumont Society, Lui Asquith · Mermaids, Nancy Kelley · Stonewall View ↗
10 Feb 2021 Karon Monaghan QC · Matrix Chambers, Naomi Cunningham · Outer Temple Chambers, Robin White · Old Square Chambers, Sally Brett · The Law Society View ↗
9 Dec 2020 Dr Kathleen Stock · University of Sussex, Dr Ruth Pearce · Trans Learning Partnership, Professor Alex Sharpe · University of Warwick, Professor Alice Sullivan · University College, London, Professor Rosa Freedman · University of Reading School of Law, Professor Stephen Whittle OBE · Manchester Metropolitan University View ↗

Who gave evidence

25 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Cat Burton · Chair Gender Identity Research and Education Society 1
Dr Harriet Hutchinson · Community Organiser Action for Trans Health Durham 1
Dr Jane Hamlin · President Beaumont Society 1
Dr John Chisholm CBE · Chair of the Medical Ethics Committee British Medical Association 1
Dr Judith Green · Co-founder Woman's Place UK 1
Dr Kathleen Stock · Professor of Philosophy University of Sussex 1
Dr Michael Brady · National Adviser for LGBT Health NHS England 1
Dr Nicola Williams · Director Fair Play for Women 1
Dr Ruth Pearce · Research Coordinator Trans Learning Partnership 1
Jo Churchill MP · Minister for Agri-Innovation and Climate Adaptati… Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 1
John Stewart · National Director of Specialised Commissioning NHS England 1
Karon Monaghan QC · Barrister Matrix Chambers 1
Leigh Chislett · Clinical Manager 56 Dean Street 1
Lui Asquith · Director of Legal and Policy Mermaids 1
Melanie Field OBE · Executive Director for Policy, Strategy and Wales Equality and Human Rights Commission 1
Nancy Kelley · Chief Executive Stonewall 1
Naomi Cunningham · Barrister Outer Temple Chambers 1
Professor Alex Sharpe · Professor at the School of Law University of Warwick 1
Professor Alice Sullivan · Professor of Sociology University College, London 1
Professor Rosa Freedman · Professor of Law, Conflict and Global Development University of Reading School of Law 1
Professor Stephen Whittle OBE · Professor of Equalities Law Manchester Metropolitan University 1
Raquel Rosario-Sanchez · Spokeswoman and Trustee FiLiA 1
Robin White · Barrister Old Square Chambers 1
Sally Brett · Head of Diversity and Inclusion The Law Society 1
The Baroness Falkner of Margravine · Chair Equality and Human Rights Commission 1

Correspondence

31 letters
DateDirectionTitle
13 Jul 2022 To cttee Letter from then Secretary of State for Health and Social Care regarding The Ge…
29 Mar 2022 Correspondence to the Chair from the Minister for Equalities in response to our…
24 Mar 2022 Correspondence from the Chair to the Minister for Equalities relating to Govern…
3 Mar 2022 Correspondence to Elliot Colburn MP from the Minister for Equalities relating t…
28 Jan 2022 Correspondence to the Chair from the Chair of the Equality and Human Rights Com…
16 Jul 2021 Correspondence to the Chair from the Director of Specialist Commissioning relat…
14 Jul 2021 Correspondence to the Chair from the Minister for Equalities relating to our in…
8 Jul 2021 Correspondence to the Chair from the Leader of the House of Commons relating to…
7 Jul 2021 Correspondence to the Chair from the Speaker relating to the ministerial attend…
30 Jun 2021 Correspondence to the Chair of the Liaison Committee from the Chair relating to…
30 Jun 2021 Correspondence to the Leader of the House from the Chair relating to attendance…
30 Jun 2021 Correspondence to the Speaker from the Chair relating to attendance of GEO Mini…
29 Jun 2021 Correspondence to the Minister for Equalities from the Chair relating to our in…
11 Jun 2021 To cttee Letter from Minister for Equalities regarding the inquiry on Reform of the Gend…
11 Jun 2021 To cttee Letter from Chair to Minister for Equalities regarding the inquiry on Reform of…
21 May 2021 Correspondence from the Minister for Equalities to the Chair relating to her in…
21 Jan 2021 To cttee Letter from the Chair to Judge Paula Gray with follow-up questions for the inqu…
13 Jan 2021 From cttee Letter to the Chair of the Committee from the EHRC relating to the Reform of th…
9 Dec 2020 Correspondence to the EHRC from the Chair in response to correspondence on GRA …
27 Nov 2020 Correspondence from the EHRC to the Chair regarding the Gender Recognition Act