Select Committee · Scottish Affairs Committee

GB Energy and the net zero transition

Status: Open Opened: 28 Nov 2024 21 recommendations 21 conclusions 2 reports

The Committee is investigating the transition to net zero in Scotland’s energy sector, and how the UK Government can support a transition that maximises opportunities for jobs and economic growth. As part of this, the Committee is examining how GB Energy and other interventions can most effectively back the development of clean energy. Read the …

Reports

2 reports
Title HC No. Published Items Response
1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fair deal for Scotland? HC 164 21 May 2026 22 Pending
4th Report - The future of Scotland’s oil and gas industry HC 459 24 Oct 2025 20 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

42 items
1 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted in Part

Increase government investment to create clean energy jobs matching North Sea oil and gas losses.

We are concerned that clean energy jobs are not being created at the pace or scale required to match the heavy job losses arising from the decline of the North Sea oil and gas sector. The scale-up of clean energy is progressing more slowly than the decline of the oil …

Government response. The government partially agrees, highlighting the Clean Energy Jobs Plan aims to nearly double clean energy jobs by 2030 with £63 billion capital funding. It also points to the North Sea Future Plan and Transitional Energy Certificates to ensure a …
Scotland Office
2 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Acknowledged

Mismanged energy transition risks severe harm to UK economy, jobs, and Scottish communities.

Such an approach is the minimum necessary for a smooth transition of workers, and to avoid the risk of harming UK tax revenues, economic activity, and employment in many Scottish communities, where the effects of the transition will be disproportionately felt. The loss of jobs abroad has detrimental impacts to …

Government response. The government states its commitment to achieving a fair and inclusive transition, outlining various existing strategies, plans, and investments like the Clean Power Action Plan, Clean Energy Industries Sector Plan, and UK Export Finance support. These initiatives aim to ensure …
Scotland Office
3 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted in Part

Domestic fossil fuel production maintains energy security and anchors jobs during transition.

We recognise that with time moving to clean energy improves the UK’s overall energy security. However, as fossil fuels are to continue to form part of the UK’s energy mix for decades to come, there are compelling arguments to meet as much of that need as possible from domestic sources. …

Government response. The government acknowledges the natural decline of the North Sea basin and rejects issuing new exploration licenses. However, it commits to managing existing fields for their lifespan and introducing new Transitional Energy Certificates to help ease the production decline and …
Scotland Office
4 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted in Part

Implement pragmatic North Sea licensing policy and clarify additional drilling permissions for developers.

The Government should set out how it intends to address the issue of the North Sea oil and gas industry’s decline outstripping the scale-up of clean energy. We urge the Government to take a pragmatic approach to its licensing policy as an outcome of its consultation, Building the North Sea’s …

Government response. The government agreed to a pragmatic approach by introducing Transitional Energy Certificates, which will permit specific additional drilling activity, such as infill wells or tie-backs, in areas adjacent to existing fields to maximise their lifespan.
Scotland Office
5 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted

Set out plans to increase proportion of UK-based supply chains for clean energy generators.

We recognise that maximising economic return from clean energy investments requires supporting and expanding UK-based supply chains. (Conclusion, Paragraph 56) The Government should set out how it intends to increase the proportion of UK-based supply chains used by clean energy generators. (Recommendation, Paragraph 56) Tax and regulatory environment

Government response. The government agrees with the recommendation and outlines four new policy interventions from its North Sea Future Plan to support and expand UK-based supply chains. These include establishing a North Sea Future Board, developing guidance, a Basin Wide Plan, and …
Scotland Office
6 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Acknowledged

Unclear and disproportionate Energy Profits Levy accelerates North Sea decline, risking job losses.

We welcome the Government’s acknowledgement that it now needs to take action on the oil and gas industry’s fiscal environment. However, a lack of clarity on the fiscal regime beyond 2030 has created uncertainty for industry in the North Sea. The Energy Profits Levy at its current rate of 38%, …

Government response. The government acknowledges the committee's concerns about fiscal uncertainty, outlining its plan to end the Energy Profits Levy by March 2030 or earlier via a price floor, and to replace it with a new Oil and Gas Price Mechanism for …
Scotland Office
7 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted in Part

Commit to urgent publication and early implementation of the new North Sea fiscal regime.

In its response to this report, the Government should commit to a publication date for the outcome of its consultation on the new fiscal regime. To provide much-needed clarity and confidence to the sector, the successor regime should be brought into effect as soon as possible, rather than replacing the …

Government response. The government partially agrees, providing significant detail on the new Oil and Gas Fiscal Regime (OGPM), including its 35% rate, activation thresholds from 2026/27, and commitment to legislate next year. However, it confirms the OGPM will replace the Energy Profits …
Scotland Office
8 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted

Transparency in environmental impact assessments for new oil and gas fields requires improvement.

We welcome the Government’s publication of updated guidance on environmental impact assessments for new oil and gas fields, providing greater certainty to the sector. Given that each application will be considered on a case-by-case basis and the Government has not shared how factors will be weighted in its assessment, transparency …

Government response. The government explains that each project is considered on its merits, with the Secretary of State balancing environmental effects against wider national benefits and objectives. It asserts that the existing EIA process already provides transparency through public notice and published …
Scotland Office
9 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted in Part

Commit to issuing explanatory statements detailing how oil and gas applications are balanced.

We recommend that the Government commit to issuing an explanatory statement after assessing each application, setting out how it has balanced the environmental impact against the economic and energy security benefits of oil and gas fields in its assessment. A justification is vital to ensure the industry and wider public …

Government response. The government partially agrees, stating that once a decision is made, it will be published with reasons. However, it does not explicitly commit to a detailed explanatory statement outlining the balance between environmental, economic, and energy security factors for each …
Scotland Office
10 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Not Addressed

Unite the Union failed to provide promised 35,000 energy transition jobs plan.

Given what is at stake if transition is mismanaged, we are disappointed that Unite the Union has been unable to share, as promised, its plan to create 35,000 energy transition jobs. The plan might have been a valuable and timely contribution to our inquiry and could have assisted us in …

Government response. The government outlines its own Clean Energy Jobs Plan and North Sea Future Plan, which aim to increase clean energy jobs and provide a fair transition for the oil and gas workforce, including engagement with trade unions. It does not …
Scotland Office
11 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted

North Sea energy transition plan urgently required but progress remains slow.

A coherent transition plan for the North Sea is urgently needed. While we recognise that the Government has been in power for 15 months, plans are not yet in place and the transition is already well underway. The Government’s consultation, Building the North Sea’s Energy Future, which commits to producing …

Government response. The government acknowledges the urgent need for a coherent transition plan and confirms the publication of its 'North Sea Future Plan' in November, further committing to establish a minister-led delivery board in early 2026 to oversee progress.
Scotland Office
12 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted in Part

Commit to publishing a long-term North Sea energy transition plan with measurable skills transfer outcomes.

The Government should recognise the urgency of the need for a coherent plan for the North Sea by committing to dates for the publication of its consultation response and consequent transition plan. The transition plan should be long-term in scope, provide certainty to the sector, and speak directly to the …

Government response. The government partially agreed, stating it has published the 'North Sea Future Plan' and will establish a minister-led 'North Sea Future Board' by early 2026, with community representation, to oversee the transition. While committing to monitoring clean energy jobs, it …
Scotland Office
13 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Acknowledged

Retaining oil and gas worker skills is vital for Scotland's energy transition.

It is vital that the skills of workers who have made Scotland’s oil and gas industry successful are not lost. We welcome the efforts of both governments to support the development of clean energy jobs and the transfer of skills from the oil and gas sector to other industries. In …

Government response. The government acknowledges the importance of the Oil and Gas Transition Training Fund, announcing its extension and expansion with up to £18 million in joint UK and Scottish government funding from 2026-29. They also detail the new North Sea Jobs …
Scotland Office
14 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted in Part

Clarify inter-governmental delivery, duration, and long-term financing for the Oil and Gas Transition Training Fund.

The forthcoming transition plan should set out how the UK and Scottish governments will work together to deliver the Oil and Gas Training Transition Fund. It should clarify the duration of the funding available and the degree of UK Government involvement in the scheme, to ensure sufficient accountability at a …

Government response. The government partially agrees, announcing the Oil and Gas Transition Training Fund will be extended until 2028-29 with up to £18m jointly funded by UK and Scottish governments, and opportunities for private investment will be explored. However, it explicitly rejects …
Scotland Office
15 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted

Ensure clear communication campaigns for oil and gas workers on energy transition job opportunities.

There has been a failure of communication from consecutive governments to oil and gas workers about the transition and what they need to do to prepare and benefit from it. Government action is required to ensure the visibility and promotion of clean energy jobs, as well as to ensure existing …

Government response. The government outlined several specific actions to improve the visibility and promotion of clean energy jobs, including a UK-wide awareness campaign, a deep dive into priority occupations, the Destination Nuclear campaign with a careers portal, and recent clean energy jobs …
Scotland Office
16 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted

Conduct a communications campaign informing oil and gas workers about energy transition job opportunities.

As part of its North Sea transition plan, we recommend that the Government conduct a communications campaign about the scale of the energy transition and the employment opportunities available, directed at both oil and gas workers and new entrants to the sector. This should include information about skills transferability between …

Government response. The government agrees, committing to lead a UK-wide industry-led awareness and attraction campaign for clean energy jobs, launching next year. A strong communications approach will be embedded within the North Sea programme, with the North Sea Jobs Service providing job …
Scotland Office
17 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted

Grangemouth case highlights government inaction on preparing for industrial job losses.

The Grangemouth case is the energy transition’s canary in a coalmine. It has illustrated the need for Government’s active stewardship in the energy transition. Petroineos advised the Committee that the UK and Scottish governments were aware of its plans to cease operations at the refinery five years ago. Both the …

Government response. The government agreed with the committee's conclusions regarding past failures at Grangemouth and detailed its subsequent actions, including a £100 million support package, a training guarantee, the Project Willow feasibility study, and a £14.5 million seed fund to transform the …
Scotland Office
18 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted

Establish principles for a just industrial transition drawing on lessons from the Grangemouth case.

In its response to this report, the Government should outline what has been learned from this case and what can be done to ensure that comparable industrial transitions will be better managed in future. Having consulted trade unions and communities during its consultation on Building the North Sea’s Energy Future, …

Government response. The government agrees with the recommendation, affirming its commitment to a fair and equitable transition for workers and communities. It will commence a "Future of Fuels programme" and launch a call for evidence to inform the UK's long-term strategy for …
Scotland Office
19 Conclusion 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted

Clarity needed on Grangemouth investment decisions and taskforce integration.

Continued momentum on the future of Grangemouth is vital. Project Willow must not be left to gather dust while jobs are at stake. We welcome the Scottish Government’s £25 million Just Transition Fund and the UK Government’s commitment of £200 million in ringfenced National Wealth Fund funding to leverage private …

Government response. The government agrees on maintaining momentum for Grangemouth, announcing £14.5 million in funding and describing the due diligence process undertaken by investment agencies. They commit to understanding and providing necessary policy or regulatory support as projects emerge to unlock investment.
Scotland Office
20 Recommendation 4th Report - The future of Scotland’s o… Accepted in Part

Explain National Wealth Fund decision-making, Grangemouth taskforce role, and project criteria.

The Government should explain in its response to this report how its taskforce on regulatory recommendations will feed into decisions taken by the National Wealth Fund. The Government should make clear the role and influence of the Grangemouth Investment Taskforce Board in relation to the allocation of the £200 million …

Government response. The government partially agrees, stating the National Wealth Fund (NWF) is part of the Investment Taskforce and will be aware of emerging projects and regulatory requests. The NWF's investment principles include supporting growth and clean energy missions, delivering financial returns, …
Scotland Office
1 Recommendation 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

The Clean Power by 2030 target is extremely ambitious, and we would suggest the Government...

The Clean Power by 2030 target is extremely ambitious, and we would suggest the Government must use all the levers it possesses if it is to achieve it. Maintaining public confidence and rebuilding political consensus around the pace, cost and implementation of the energy transition will be essential if the …

2 Conclusion 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

The risk of undermining confidence in the transition is especially acute for those Scottish communities...

The risk of undermining confidence in the transition is especially acute for those Scottish communities being asked to host significant new energy infrastructure. In many cases, these communities—often in rural and remote Scotland—already feel disproportionately affected by the costs and impacts of the transition. These communities are also experiencing higher …

5 Recommendation 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

The Government’s intention to take a more direct role in determining Great British Energy’s investment...

The Government’s intention to take a more direct role in determining Great British Energy’s investment in Scotland, rather than allocating funding through existing Scottish Government programmes and public bodies, presents a potential risk of duplication and inefficiency. In its response to this report, the Government should set out how it …

7 Conclusion 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

Scotland currently faces higher-than-average standing charges, largely reflecting the higher costs of transporting power to...

Scotland currently faces higher-than-average standing charges, largely reflecting the higher costs of transporting power to rural areas compared with large population centres. The burden of higher standing charges is particularly acute for Scotland’s remote and island communities, who also experience higher levels of fuel poverty and, in many cases, are …

9 Conclusion 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

Successive administrations have chronically underinvested in the electricity grid.

Successive administrations have chronically underinvested in the electricity grid. As a result, grid capacity has not kept pace with the expansion of renewables across the UK system. This causes the perverse outcome 51 of Scottish windfarms being switched off—sometimes more frequently than they are generating—while a fossil fuel power station …

11 Conclusion 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

We welcome the Government’s commitment to introduce a mandatory community benefits scheme for new generation...

We welcome the Government’s commitment to introduce a mandatory community benefits scheme for new generation infrastructure. However, we remain concerned that the pace of implementation is too slow, with any scheme not expected to take effect until the end of 2027 at the earliest. Many developments—particularly across Scotland’s Highlands and …

12 Recommendation 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

Meaningful community benefit extends far beyond financial payments.

Meaningful community benefit extends far beyond financial payments. Housing availability, access to skills training, and the creation of long-term local jobs are equally important. This is especially true in rural and remote Scotland, where the coming of renewable energy provides an opportunity to leave a transformative legacy of housing, skills …

14 Recommendation 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

While it is important to safeguard the commercial viability of renewable schemes, the Government must...

While it is important to safeguard the commercial viability of renewable schemes, the Government must ensure that the minimum compensation provided through its mandatory community benefit scheme reflects fair compensation for communities hosting these schemes. The UK Government’s proposed £5,000 per MW community benefit contribution is insufficient, and does not …

15 Recommendation 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

In its response to this report, the Government should set out its rationale for its...

In its response to this report, the Government should set out its rationale for its proposed £5,000 per MW benefit contribution, and what insight it has taken from ten years’ experience of the Scottish Government’s voluntary community benefits guidance, which initially set minimum compensation at the same level. (Recommendation, Paragraph …

16 Recommendation 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

When determining the minimum compensation offered through its mandatory community benefits scheme, the Government should...

When determining the minimum compensation offered through its mandatory community benefits scheme, the Government should give careful consideration to the Highland Council’s position that £12,500 is a fair and proportionate level of compensation; this reflects the Council’s first-hand experience of clean energy deployment, as well as the lived experience of …

18 Conclusion 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

We would encourage the Government to use its existing powers under the Infrastructure Act 2015...

We would encourage the Government to use its existing powers under the Infrastructure Act 2015 to make shared ownership offers by developers of all new renewable energy projects. This would ensure community groups are able to take advantage of the opportunity of an ownership stake. (Recommendation, Paragraph 91) Community ownership …

19 Conclusion 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

We welcome the Government’s ambition to accelerate community and locally owned clean energy through the...

We welcome the Government’s ambition to accelerate community and locally owned clean energy through the Local Power Plan, delivered jointly with Great British Energy. However, it is disappointing that Scotland is disproportionately disadvantaged from benefitting from the Plan by its current Transmission Impact Assessment thresholds, which restrict opportunities for new …

21 Conclusion 1st Report - Clean Power by 2030: A fai…

Repowering offers a timely opportunity for communities to expand community-owned energy while rebalancing some of...

Repowering offers a timely opportunity for communities to expand community-owned energy while rebalancing some of the unfair outcomes of the transition. As both the UK and Scottish Governments support the expansion of community energy projects, closer coordination is needed to reduce barriers to decommissioning and repowering. We welcome the Scottish …

Oral evidence sessions

11 sessions
Date Witnesses
15 Apr 2026 Michael Shanks MP · Department for Energy Security and Net Zero View ↗
4 Mar 2026 Guy Jefferson · Scottish Power Energy Networks, James Basden · Zenobe, Julian Leslie · National Grid ESO, Scott Somerville · E.ON UK, Steve McMahon · Ofgem View ↗
4 Feb 2026 Charandeep Singh · Scottish Chambers of Commerce, Dr Christian Calvillo · University of Strathclyde, Lawrence Johnston · scarf, Madeleine Gabriel · Nesta, Ned Hammond · Energy UK, Stephanie Mander · Citizens Advice Scotland View ↗
7 Jan 2026 Alan Roseweir · Wallacetown Community Energy Project, Christianna Logan · SSEN Transmission, Finley Becks-Phelps · Nadara, Gail Anderton · Highland Council, Lynda Mitchell · ALIEnergy, Neil Mackinnon · Galson Estate Trust, Zoe Holliday · Community Energy Scotland View ↗
19 Nov 2025 Dan McGrail · Renewable UK View ↗
2 Jul 2025 Michael Brannan · Offshore Energy Transition and Coal Legacy, Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, Michael Shanks MP · Department for Energy Security and Net Zero View ↗
14 May 2025 Doug Duguid · Aurora Energy Services, Gavin Templeton · Veri Energy, Jim Brown · Energy Skills Partnership, Kenneth MacInnes · Forth Valley College, Lynsey Benson · Engineering Construction Industry Training Board, Neil Cowie · North East Scotland College View ↗
2 Apr 2025 Anu Bhambi · EY Parthenon, Colin Pritchard · INEOS, Iain Hardie · Petroineos View ↗
19 Mar 2025 Derek Thomson · Unite the Union, Ian Perth · Prospect, Robert Deavy · GMB View ↗
26 Feb 2025 Becca Groundwater · Energies Industries Council, Hebe Trotter · Harbour Energy, Jenny Stanning · Offshore Energies UK, Louise Kingham CBE · BP plc, Neil Gordon · Global Underwater Hub, Russell Borthwick · Aberdeen & Grampian Chamber of Commerce View ↗
22 Jan 2025 Ameena Camps · Just Transition Commission, Emma Pinchbeck · Energy UK, Fraser Stewart · Regen, Hannah Corbett · University of Strathclyde Centre for Energy Policy, Owen Bellamy · Climate Change Committee, Professor Paul de Leeuw · Robert Gordon University Energy Transition Institute, Richard Hardy · Just Transition Commission View ↗

Correspondence

20 letters
DateDirectionTitle
14 May 2026 Correspondence from Energy Minister Michael Shanks following up from 15 April e…
15 Apr 2026 Correspondence from Ocean Winds regarding transmission charges impact on Scotla…
15 Apr 2026 Correspondence from Chair to Gillian Martin, Cabinet Secretary for Climate Acti…
15 Apr 2026 Correspondence from Ofgem following up from 4 March session, dated 27 March 2026
15 Apr 2026 Correspondence from E.ON following up from 4 March session, dated 20 March 2026
25 Mar 2026 Correspondence from Neso following up from 4 March session, dated 16 March 2026
26 Feb 2026 Correspondence from Scottish Chambers of Commerce, CEO Charandeep Singh regard…
26 Feb 2026 Correspondence from Great British Energy regarding GB Energy Headquarters, dat…
28 Jan 2026 Correspondence from SSEN Transmission regarding follow-up from 7 January sessi…
21 Jan 2026 Correspondence from Great British Energy following up from 19 November session…
3 Sep 2025 To cttee Letter from the Chair to Sharon Graham, General Secretary at Unite the Union r…
3 Sep 2025 To cttee Letter from the Chair to Derek Thomson, Scotland Regional Secretary at Unite th…
12 Aug 2025 To cttee Letter from Energy Minister Michael Shanks following up from 2 July session, da…
16 Jul 2025 To cttee Letter from Offshore Energies UK regarding GB Energy and the net zero transitio…
2 Jul 2025 To cttee Response from Colleges Scotland following up from 14 May session, dated 26 June…
18 Jun 2025 To cttee Letter from INEOS relating to information requested during 2 April evidence ses…
2 Apr 2025 To cttee Letter from Unite the Union, regarding GB Energy and the net zero transition i…
19 Mar 2025 To cttee Letter from Just Transition Commission, regarding oral evidence presented to th…
19 Mar 2025 To cttee Letter from Andrew Montford, Net Zero Watch, regarding oral evidence presented …
22 Jan 2025 Correspondence from National Energy System Operator, regarding GB Energy and th…