Recommendations & Conclusions
44 items
12
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The Horizon programme has been, and will continue to be, vital to Scottish academic research. It aids Scotland’s universities in their quest to tackle the biggest global challenges. We praise the UK Government for ensuring the UK’s continued participation; it is an investment worth making. Concerns have however been raised …
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The Horizon programme has been, and will continue to be, vital to Scottish academic research. It aids Scotland’s universities in their quest to tackle the biggest global challenges. We praise the UK Government for ensuring the UK’s continued participation; it is an investment worth making. Concerns have however been raised about the UK’s status as a non-EU member. The UK Government should ensure that 6 Universities and Scotland the UK reaps the maximum possible benefits from Horizon Europe in areas such as health, climate and energy and is not disadvantaged as a non-EU member or inappropriately excluded from relevant programmes. In addition if, for any reason, the UK receives less in competitive grants than its financial contributions, the UK Government should explore why this might be and, if appropriate, seek to adjust its financial contribution accordingly.
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Government response AI summary
The government confirms its agreement to associate with Horizon Europe, stating the terms ensure fair financial contribution and equivalent participation for UK applicants, and has a contingency plan if association is not formalised.
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Scotland Office
19
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
There are six main income sources for Scotland’s universities: • Tuition fees; • Funding grants; • Research grants; • Investment income; • Donations and endowments; and • Other income (including commercial)31
Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the importance of diversified income streams for universities, focusing on international students as a vital source while recognizing the risks of over-reliance. It highlights the existing International Education Strategy and the Graduate Route as measures to attract international students and ensure sustainable, …
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Scotland Office
23
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Although total income for the sector as a whole increased by 3% between 2014 and 2018, total income reduced at nine universities, including five modern universities, over that period.42 The chart below (from Audit Scotland’s 2019 report) demonstrates the different levels of reliance universities in Scotland have on different income …
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Although total income for the sector as a whole increased by 3% between 2014 and 2018, total income reduced at nine universities, including five modern universities, over that period.42 The chart below (from Audit Scotland’s 2019 report) demonstrates the different levels of reliance universities in Scotland have on different income streams. This means that changes in the value of revenue streams, for example fluctuations in international student applications, or changes in the value of SFC funding, have much larger implications for some Scottish universities than others. Income profile for Scottish universities in 2017–1843 Covid-19: university finances before, during and looking ahead Finances pre-pandemic
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Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the varying income streams and risks for universities, emphasizing the importance of diversified funding, especially concerning international students. It outlines existing initiatives like the International Education Strategy and the Graduate Route, which aim to attract international students sustainably while managing associated risks.
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Scotland Office
49
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The current picture regarding international student numbers looks much more encouraging than it did in mid-2020. UCAS data117 from 18 February 2021 shows that applications to Scottish universities for the next academic year by non-EU international students has—despite many expectations in 2020—increased by 27% (to 6,100), which 110 Q232 111 …
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The current picture regarding international student numbers looks much more encouraging than it did in mid-2020. UCAS data117 from 18 February 2021 shows that applications to Scottish universities for the next academic year by non-EU international students has—despite many expectations in 2020—increased by 27% (to 6,100), which 110 Q232 111 Secretary of State at the Scotland Office (USC0011) 112 “Covid fears putting off Chinese students from UK”, BBC News, 15 July 2020 113 Universities Scotland, An existential challenge: the financial threat facing Scotland’s universities as a result of COVID-19 (9 April 2020), phase 2 114 Universities Scotland, An existential challenge: the financial threat facing Scotland’s universities as a result of COVID-19 (9 April 2020), phase 2 115 Universities Scotland, An existential challenge: the financial threat facing Scotland’s universities as a result of COVID-19 (9 April 2020), phase 2 116 Scottish Funding Council, Coherence and Sustainability: A review of Scotland’s Colleges and Universities, Phase One Report: Insights to Develop Further (20 October 2020) 117 Note: not all international students apply to university via UCAS, so these statistics may not provide a full picture Universities and Scotland 23 is the highest increase in non-EU international student applications across all four UK nations.118 Commenting on these statistics, Alastair Sim, Director of Universities Scotland, said: Application data at this point in the cycle gives an indication about the demand for higher education, and it looks assuring for Scottish universities. Students clearly see a value at studying in Scotland from across the world all the way to our most deprived areas. We are taking nothing for granted as applications don’t necessarily transfer into acceptances especially when there is a great deal of volatility regarding students and the pandemic.119
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Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the devolved nature of HE and its engagement with Scottish Government, and states that its International Education Strategy has already seen an increase in international student enrolments, meeting its 2030 target ahead of time.
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Scotland Office
59
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
In the view of Mary Senior, University and College Union Scotland, things like a “hostile environment and [ … ] draconian immigration system” all impact on the ability of Scottish universities to attract EU students.142 Universities UK believes the UK Government must “act now” or risk losing European students “for …
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In the view of Mary Senior, University and College Union Scotland, things like a “hostile environment and [ … ] draconian immigration system” all impact on the ability of Scottish universities to attract EU students.142 Universities UK believes the UK Government must “act now” or risk losing European students “for years to come”.143 It says that: The UK Government has predicted a decline in EU student numbers of roughly 20% as a result of the change to a points-based [immigration] system, although this estimate was calculated before the impact of the pandemic. Other estimates signal an even greater potential loss in overseas talent.144
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Government response AI summary
The government states it has launched a new global, points-based immigration system, including the Graduate route, and is promoting these extensively to welcome international students, aiming for 600,000 by 2030, which it believes addresses the issue.
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Scotland Office
60
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Universities UK has outlined the steps they believe the UK Government should take in order to help stabilise EU/European Economic Area (EEA) student demand. These include: • “Improving and extending the Study UK campaign into key markets in Europe by coordinating existing campaigns currently in European markets and increasing investment …
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Universities UK has outlined the steps they believe the UK Government should take in order to help stabilise EU/European Economic Area (EEA) student demand. These include: • “Improving and extending the Study UK campaign into key markets in Europe by coordinating existing campaigns currently in European markets and increasing investment in Study UK to £20 million a year.” • “Providing targeted financial support for EU students such as through an expanded or newly developed EU scholarship offer.”145
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Government response AI summary
The government refers to its existing International Education Strategy and notes it already operates global scholarship programmes like Chevening and Commonwealth scholarships. It also states the British Council Study UK campaign collaborates with Scottish stakeholders to accurately represent Scottish universities.
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Scotland Office
62
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
EU students paying international student rates can provide a new and potentially lucrative income stream for Scottish universities, though this new income stream may face the same risks posed to fees from international students. Although applications from EU students have dropped by about 40% for 2021–22 (that year being the …
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EU students paying international student rates can provide a new and potentially lucrative income stream for Scottish universities, though this new income stream may face the same risks posed to fees from international students. Although applications from EU students have dropped by about 40% for 2021–22 (that year being the first year that EU students will pay the new rates), this is a lower drop than many in the sector had feared, and Scottish universities will now receive four to five times more income per EU student than was previously the case. That said, it is important that, following Brexit, Scotland is still able to attract the brightest and best from the EU. This is not 139 Q81 140 Q140 [Rachel Sandison, University of Glasgow] 141 Q126 [Rebecca Lunn, University of Strathclyde] 142 Q42 143 “Government must act now or risk losing European students for years to come”, Universities UK, 5 October 2020 144 “Government must act now or risk losing European students for years to come”, Universities UK, 5 October 2020 145 “Government must act now or risk losing European students for years to come”, Universities UK, 5 October 2020 146 Q207 Universities and Scotland 27 only because EU students tend to gravitate towards vital STEM subjects (which can otherwise be difficult to recruit for), but also because EU students are more likely to stay on in Scottish academia/research once they graduate than other international students. These students can play a key role in our economic recovery following the pandemic. The UK Government should launch a new or expanded scholarship scheme to encourage the most talented EU students to study in the UK and Scotland. This would help heal UK-EU divides following Brexit, assist in combating falling EU student numbers in Scotland and provide a new pathway to attract and retain the brightest and best from the EU. In addition, the UK Government should increase funding to Study UK in order to increase their capacity to target EU students wh
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Government response AI summary
The government stated its International Education Strategy aims to increase international students, a target already met, and highlighted existing global scholarship programmes (Chevening, Commonwealth, Marshall) available to students, rather than committing to a new or expanded scheme specifically for EU students or increased funding for …
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Scotland Office
63
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
During our inquiry we heard how the covid-19 pandemic has negatively affected university students. They spent most of 2020 and the first months of 2021 working remotely, with universities only permitted to have 5% of their total students on campus for face-to-face teaching, and many have experienced financial hardship, accommodation …
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During our inquiry we heard how the covid-19 pandemic has negatively affected university students. They spent most of 2020 and the first months of 2021 working remotely, with universities only permitted to have 5% of their total students on campus for face-to-face teaching, and many have experienced financial hardship, accommodation and wellbeing issues.147 A NUS Scotland survey of 653 Scottish students published on 14 January 2021 found that: 73% of students are concerned about managing financially during the pandemic, 64% of students say covid-19 has had some impact on their income and 14% of students have used food banks.148
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Government response AI summary
The government describes a series of concessions introduced to support the education sector and international students during COVID-19, including enabling distance learning and ensuring COVID-related absences do not count against students.
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Scotland Office
74
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Each year more than 58,000 international students from 180 countries study in Scotland.167 In 2018, this made up about a quarter of the total student population.168 Professor Chris Pearce, University of Glasgow, told us that international students “enrich the diversity of our campuses”.169 Professor Nigel Seaton, Abertay University, was “determined …
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Each year more than 58,000 international students from 180 countries study in Scotland.167 In 2018, this made up about a quarter of the total student population.168 Professor Chris Pearce, University of Glasgow, told us that international students “enrich the diversity of our campuses”.169 Professor Nigel Seaton, Abertay University, was “determined to emphasise the value of interactions culturally, in terms of the shared experience of all our students”.170 Rachel Sandison, University of Glasgow, said that the University of Glasgow was “creating multinational, multicultural learning environments” for their students and that, as a result, international students are of “tremendous benefit to our home students in Scotland”.171 Attractiveness of Scottish institutions
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Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the value of international students, stating that its International Education Strategy (updated Feb 2021) aims to sustainably increase international students and education exports, noting they have already met the 600,000 student target for 2030.
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Scotland Office
75
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
In the view of Karen Watt, Chief Executive of the Scottish Funding Council, the attractiveness of Scotland’s universities to prospective international students will depend a lot on what’s going on in other counties.172 In particular she pointed out that the way in which counties deal with the pandemic will affect …
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In the view of Karen Watt, Chief Executive of the Scottish Funding Council, the attractiveness of Scotland’s universities to prospective international students will depend a lot on what’s going on in other counties.172 In particular she pointed out that the way in which counties deal with the pandemic will affect how people think about their next journeys.173 Iain Stewart MP, Minister for Scotland, was also of the view that the higher 166 “New student mental health funding”, NUS Scotland, 25 February 2021; Scottish Parliament (Motions, Questions and Answers: February 2021), ‘Question S5W-35512: Education, Communities and Justice’, accessed 8 April 2021 167 Universities Scotland, ‘Internationally Scottish: Creating global communities’, accessed 24 January 2021 168 Scottish Government, The Impact of International Students in Scotland (March 2018), 3 169 Q127 170 Q167 171 Q135 172 Q84 173 Q84 32 Universities and Scotland education sector was a “competitive place” as “all universities will want to attract students from right around the world” and so “we have to be on our toes to make sure that we do not just rely on past successes to guarantee future success”.174 Minister Lochhead told us that: I think it is very important that we remain an attractive destination for international students, and that means that, following Brexit, we have the challenge of getting that message across to the international community. As Scotland, we are doing what we can and will continue to do that, to promote Scottish brands and the fact that Scotland is an open, welcoming and internationalist country that wants to stay at the heart of Europe and, therefore, we want that to be reflected in students and researchers from Europe, in particular, continuing to come to Scottish institutions so that the best brains in Europe are still attracted to come to work, study and live in Scotland. The UK Government have a role there, because immigration policy, the cost of visas and how Horizon will work
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Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the importance of attracting international students and refers to its updated International Education Strategy, which sets ambitions for student numbers and education exports, noting the 2030 student target has already been met.
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Scotland Office
76
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
During our inquiry a number of witnesses, including Minister Lochhead, spoke to us about the importance to prospective international students of making sure that immigration policies—which are reserved to the UK Government—are as streamlined and as simple as possible.176 In addition, the RSE Young Academy of Scotland made the point …
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During our inquiry a number of witnesses, including Minister Lochhead, spoke to us about the importance to prospective international students of making sure that immigration policies—which are reserved to the UK Government—are as streamlined and as simple as possible.176 In addition, the RSE Young Academy of Scotland made the point to us that the perception—not just the reality—of UK immigration policies was also important and that factors like Brexit can play into those perceptions.177 As background, the ‘Student visa’, which replaced the ‘Tier 4’ student visa,178 is the primary visa in the UK for visiting international students.179
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Government response AI summary
The government states it is already committed to supporting the higher education sector and increasing international students, citing recent migration statistics and the introduction of 'streamlined, simplified' Student, Child Student, and Graduate routes. They also highlighted concessions made during Covid-19.
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Scotland Office
77
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The duration of the Student visa depends on course length but, at degree level, can last for up to five years.180 It usually costs £348 to apply for a Student visa from outside the UK or £475 to extend or switch to a Student visa from inside the UK.181 On …
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The duration of the Student visa depends on course length but, at degree level, can last for up to five years.180 It usually costs £348 to apply for a Student visa from outside the UK or £475 to extend or switch to a Student visa from inside the UK.181 On top of visa costs, prospective international students also need to pay a healthcare surcharge of £470 per year.182 Students in the UK may be able to work whilst on a Student visa, but it depends what subject is being studied and whether the work is in or out of term-time.183 In the view of Matt Crilly, President of NUS Scotland: [ … ] we should be striving to make sure that our country is welcoming of international students. [ … ] International students are having to pay up to £2,000 for a visa to come and study here. Something that I think is particularly striking, given the fact we are going through a global health pandemic, is 174 Q256 175 Q233 176 For example: Q169 177 RSE Young Academy of Scotland (USC0006) p 3 178 HMG, ‘Student visa’, accessed 13 April 2021 179 HMG, ‘Browse: Study in the UK’, accessed 13 April 2021 180 HMG, ‘Student visa’, accessed 13 April 2021 181 HMG, ‘Student visa’, accessed 13 April 2021 182 HMG, ‘Pay for UK healthcare as part of your immigration application’, accessed 13 April 2021 183 HMG, ‘Student visa’, accessed 13 April 2021 Universities and Scotland 33 the NHS surcharge going up from £300 to £470 for international students. Things like that make the country a lot less welcoming to international students, who this year in particular are struggling with some elements of the pandemic.184
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Government response AI summary
The government reiterated its commitment to supporting and increasing international students and academics, citing record numbers of sponsored study visas and the introduction of streamlined Student and Graduate routes. It did not directly address the committee's observation regarding visa costs and the healthcare surcharge making …
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Scotland Office
78
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The UK Government has also announced, as recommended by our predecessor Committee,185 a new Graduate visa route—initially piloted in Scotland with great success186—which will open for applications from 1 July 2021. This will allow undergraduates to remain in the UK to work for up to two years after successfully completing …
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The UK Government has also announced, as recommended by our predecessor Committee,185 a new Graduate visa route—initially piloted in Scotland with great success186—which will open for applications from 1 July 2021. This will allow undergraduates to remain in the UK to work for up to two years after successfully completing their studies.187 This visa route will be unsponsored, meaning that applicants will not need a job offer to apply. In addition, there will be no minimum salary requirements or caps on numbers.188 After the two years, students will be able to switch onto a Skilled work visa if they find a job which meets certain skill requirements.189 Matt Crilly said to us that the introduction of the post-study work visa was “incredibly welcome” and “vital”.190 Scottish Government influence over UK immigration policy
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Government response AI summary
The government reiterates its commitment to the higher education sector and confirms the launch of the Student, Child Student, and Graduate visa routes in 2020-2021, which streamline and simplify pathways for international students and graduates.
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Scotland Office
81
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Scottish universities are dependent on immigration decisions made at UK-level but have limited opportunities to influence those decision-making processes. Given that the UK and Scottish Governments both recognise the importance of reflecting Scottish interests in UK immigration policies, the UK Government should submit a full formal response to our predecessor …
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Scottish universities are dependent on immigration decisions made at UK-level but have limited opportunities to influence those decision-making processes. Given that the UK and Scottish Governments both recognise the importance of reflecting Scottish interests in UK immigration policies, the UK Government should submit a full formal response to our predecessor Committee’s Report of 4 July 2018 on Immigration and Scotland, which covered the immigration issues associated with international students in Scotland. It would be particularly helpful if the Government would respond to the parts of the Report which focus on issues affecting students. Erasmus+ and the Turing Scheme The UK’s withdrawal from Erasmus+
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Government response AI summary
The government accepted the recommendation, stating it would submit its response to the Committee's Report on Immigration and Scotland shortly.
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Scotland Office
82
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Erasmus+ is the EU programme for education, training, youth and sport.195 Between 2014 and 2018 4,846 Erasmus+ grants were awarded to UK organisations, worth around €680 million and Erasmus+ funding has supported more than 128,000 UK participants.196 The RSE Young Academy of Scotland told us about the benefits of the …
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Erasmus+ is the EU programme for education, training, youth and sport.195 Between 2014 and 2018 4,846 Erasmus+ grants were awarded to UK organisations, worth around €680 million and Erasmus+ funding has supported more than 128,000 UK participants.196 The RSE Young Academy of Scotland told us about the benefits of the Erasmus+ scheme: Around 1 in 3 Erasmus+ trainees are offered a position by the company they trained in. In 2016, 1,600 Scottish staff and students visited European countries on study, training or volunteering visits, with the programme making study abroad opportunities affordable and inclusive, developing the attributes of Scottish global graduates and creating a new brand of ambassadorship. Between 2014 and 2018, Scottish participants comprised 12% of the total UK figure, with Scotland receiving 13% of total Erasmus+ funding in the UK. Less advantaged students benefit tremendously from periods abroad (1 in 3 youth mobility participants comes from a disadvantaged background) and Erasmus+ is committed to supporting widening participation in HE mobility.197
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Government response AI summary
The government has committed £110 million for the Turing Scheme for the 2022/23 academic year, as its replacement for Erasmus+, aiming to support international educational mobility, evaluate its impact, and focus on widening access for disadvantaged students, noting that partial association with Erasmus+ is not …
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Scotland Office
85
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
On 26 December 2020, two days after the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement was reached, the UK Government announced a new scheme for students to study and work abroad that would “replace the UK’s participation in Erasmus+”.202 Along with the announcement, the Government said: • The scheme will provide funding …
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On 26 December 2020, two days after the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement was reached, the UK Government announced a new scheme for students to study and work abroad that would “replace the UK’s participation in Erasmus+”.202 Along with the announcement, the Government said: • The scheme will provide funding [£110 million203] for around 35,000 students in universities, colleges and schools to go on placements and exchanges overseas, starting in September 2021. • The scheme will target students from disadvantaged backgrounds and areas which did not previously have many students benefiting from Erasmus+, making life-changing opportunities accessible to everyone across the country. • The scheme will provide similar opportunities for students to study and work abroad as the Erasmus+ programme but it will include countries across the world and aims to deliver greater value for money to taxpayers. • UK organisations will be invited to bid into the scheme in early 2021. Successful applications will receive funding for administering the scheme and students taking part will receive grants to help them with the costs of their international experience. 198 Q149 199 “Why has the UK ditched participation in Erasmus+?”, University World News, 1 January 2021 200 Oral evidence taken before the Committee on the Future Relationship with the European Union on 17 December 2020, HC (2019–21) 203, Q1076 [Hilary Benn] 201 Oral evidence taken before the Committee on the Future Relationship with the European Union on 11 March 2020, HC (2019–21) 203, Q51 [Jane Stevenson] 202 “New Turing scheme to support thousands of students to study and work abroad”, HM Government, 26 December 2020 203 HMG, ‘New £110m Truing Scheme to support thousands of UK students to study and work abroad’, accessed 15 April 2021 36 Universities and Scotland • The benefits of the exchanges to schools and colleges will be assessed and the learnings used to build on future schemes. Funding decisions for subsequent yea
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Government response AI summary
The government confirmed three-year funding for the Turing Scheme, maintaining £110 million for 2022/23, and committed to evaluating its impact and developing the scheme in future years to ensure it delivers on its objectives. It also noted the impossibility of partial association with Erasmus+.
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Scotland Office
87
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Universities UK had a mixed reaction to the replacement of Erasmus+ with Turing: While we are obviously disappointed that the UK will no longer be part of the Erasmus scheme, it is significant that the Government has committed to a generously funded scheme despite current economic pressures. The new Turing …
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Universities UK had a mixed reaction to the replacement of Erasmus+ with Turing: While we are obviously disappointed that the UK will no longer be part of the Erasmus scheme, it is significant that the Government has committed to a generously funded scheme despite current economic pressures. The new Turing scheme is a fantastic development [ … ] It is a good investment in the future of students—not only those in universities but in schools and colleges who will also benefit. A priority will be working with international counterparts on the funding of inbound students, who won’t be covered by the scheme. Inbound exchange students contributed £440 million to the UK economy in 2018 and there are real concerns about whether the UK will see a decrease outside of the Erasmus scheme.206
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Government response AI summary
The government confirmed three years of funding for the Turing Scheme, maintaining £110 million for 2022/23, but reiterated that the scheme prioritises outward mobility and does not cover inbound student placements, addressing the mixed reaction and concerns raised.
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Scotland Office
88
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
In relation to the impact on Scotland, Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows told us that: The UK leaving the Erasmus+ programme is regrettable and will adversely affect both students and staff through the loss of two-way mobility. This impact will be felt particularly keenly in Scotland due to the higher …
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In relation to the impact on Scotland, Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows told us that: The UK leaving the Erasmus+ programme is regrettable and will adversely affect both students and staff through the loss of two-way mobility. This impact will be felt particularly keenly in Scotland due to the higher take up of the scheme relative to population compared to other nations of the UK. While the Erasmus scheme is highly valuable in terms of enhancing the skills and capacity of all students who participate, regardless of discipline, it has a particular importance for linguistic and cultural capacity that offers an essential resource to the Scottish economy and society in a globalised world. [ … ] the Turing scheme is not a genuine exchange programme comparable with Erasmus+, with greater numbers leaving the UK under the Turing scheme than will enter to participate in its Higher Education institutions. The Turing scheme will require long-term commitment and financial 204 “New Turing scheme to support thousands of students to study and work abroad”, HM Government, 26 December 2020 205 “Why has the UK ditched participation in Erasmus+?”, University World News, 1 January 2021 206 “UUK response on Turing Scheme for students to work and study abroad”, Universities UK, 26 December 2020 Universities and Scotland 37 support from the UK Government to provide certainty to institutions, staff and students, especially when Erasmus+ has operated as a seven-year programme.207
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Government response AI summary
The government has confirmed funding for the Turing Scheme for the next three years, including £110 million for 2022/23, and commits to evaluating its impact and engaging with Devolved Administrations to develop it further.
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Scotland Office
89
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
As pointed out by both Universities UK and the Royal Society of Edinburgh, it is not currently envisaged that the Turing Scheme will fund overseas students coming to the UK, as Erasmus+ did. As outlined earlier in the Chapter (paragraph 74), international students play an important role in the education …
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As pointed out by both Universities UK and the Royal Society of Edinburgh, it is not currently envisaged that the Turing Scheme will fund overseas students coming to the UK, as Erasmus+ did. As outlined earlier in the Chapter (paragraph 74), international students play an important role in the education and cultural experience that UK/Scottish students gain whist at university. A reduction in international students will also mean that UK universities, including those in Scotland, will miss out on an important source of income. It has been reported that withdrawal from Erasmus+ will cost UK education intuitions more than £200 million per year.208 Inward student placements also contribute significantly, as consumers, to local economies.209
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Government response AI summary
The government confirmed three years of funding for the Turing Scheme but stated that the scheme prioritises pupils, students, and learners over staff and inward mobility funding, thus not envisaging funding for overseas students coming to the UK.
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Scotland Office
91
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Mary Senior, University and College Union Scotland, had concerns about the “temporary nature” of the Turing Scheme.211 She noted that: Turing is only for one year. It’s going to be far harder to build relationships with other institutions when you don’t know what’s going to happen with the scheme after …
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Mary Senior, University and College Union Scotland, had concerns about the “temporary nature” of the Turing Scheme.211 She noted that: Turing is only for one year. It’s going to be far harder to build relationships with other institutions when you don’t know what’s going to happen with the scheme after 2022.212 Scottish Government reaction to the replacement of Erasmus+ with Turing
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Government response AI summary
The government has confirmed three years of funding for the Turing Scheme, addressing concerns about its temporary nature and outlining its long-term ambitions for international educational mobility.
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Scotland Office
97
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
In the Government’s view the UK “could achieve the same benefits [as Erasmus+] with Turing”, but could also improve upon it by “looking at the global reach of it to widen participation”.226 Minister Stewart told us that it was about: [ … ] how we extend the benefits, reaching Commonwealth …
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In the Government’s view the UK “could achieve the same benefits [as Erasmus+] with Turing”, but could also improve upon it by “looking at the global reach of it to widen participation”.226 Minister Stewart told us that it was about: [ … ] how we extend the benefits, reaching Commonwealth countries, the Americas, the Far East, which Erasmus did not cover, widening the participation and having a nimbler scheme. [ … ] We also need that greater flexibility to underpin many of the links that universities already have outside Erasmus that Turing will be able to bolster. I think we have a product here that will achieve the same benefits but in a more cost-effective way and extend the advantages that we want to see.227
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Government response AI summary
The government confirmed three years of funding for the Turing Scheme, maintaining £110 million for 2022/23, and reiterated its commitment to international educational mobility and global reach, aligning with its stated aims to improve upon Erasmus+.
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Scotland Office
99
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Looking ahead to future years of the Turing Scheme, and collaboration with the devolved administrations, Rebecca Hackett, Office of the Secretary of State for Scotland, told us that: 223 “New International Learning Exchange programme to make good the loss of Erasmus+”, Welsh Government, 21 March 2021 224 Q240 225 Q284 …
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Looking ahead to future years of the Turing Scheme, and collaboration with the devolved administrations, Rebecca Hackett, Office of the Secretary of State for Scotland, told us that: 223 “New International Learning Exchange programme to make good the loss of Erasmus+”, Welsh Government, 21 March 2021 224 Q240 225 Q284 226 Q285 227 Q291 228 Q241 229 Q241 230 Q285 40 Universities and Scotland [ … ] the Turing programme [ … ] is a flexible and iterative programme. It has received a year of funding already, but the Department for Education is already working very intensively with the devolved administrations to ensure that the scheme does deliver on what it is seeking to deliver and can evolve to address any issues. Clearly, it is going to be a different stage in year one with all of the impacts of covid and so on, but we are aiming for it to receive the same brand recognition as Erasmus+ in the longer term and we will be working hard with the devolved administrations to ensure that.231
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Government response AI summary
The government confirmed three years of funding for the Turing Scheme, stating it will evaluate the first year to continue developing the scheme and will continue to closely engage with Devolved Administrations in its future development.
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Scotland Office
111
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Professor Chris Pearce also pointed out however that universities, such as the University of Glasgow, have had to redirect a lot of resources to fight covid-19 and, as a consequence, a lot of non-covid research has been “severely impacted”.248 He gave examples of research into chronic diseases such as heart …
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Professor Chris Pearce also pointed out however that universities, such as the University of Glasgow, have had to redirect a lot of resources to fight covid-19 and, as a consequence, a lot of non-covid research has been “severely impacted”.248 He gave examples of research into chronic diseases such as heart disease, cancer, stroke and diabetes being delayed, and said that the long-term impact on research was going to be “significant”.249 Funding of Scottish academic research
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Government response AI summary
The government addresses the impact on research by committing to a significant uplift in public R&D spending, reaching £20 billion per annum by 2024/25, which it believes will help the R&D sector plan ahead and overcome fiscal challenges from Covid.
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Scotland Office
114
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Professor Chris Pearce, University of Glasgow, told us that medical research charities are having to scale back because of a loss of donations due to the pandemic, and that this will lead to a “significant drop in charity funding for our research”.257 He went on to say that the “estimates …
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Professor Chris Pearce, University of Glasgow, told us that medical research charities are having to scale back because of a loss of donations due to the pandemic, and that this will lead to a “significant drop in charity funding for our research”.257 He went on to say that the “estimates of the shortfall over the next year are staggering, hundreds of millions of pounds, all of which is typically going into critical biomedical research”.258 Professor Pearce said that what was needed was a “long-term and stable solution for funding biomedical research that is not wholly reliant or largely dependent on the charity funding that we have at the moment”.259 UK Government R&D Roadmap
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Government response AI summary
The government responds by committing to a significant uplift in public R&D spending, reaching £20 billion per annum by 2024/25, which aims to provide a long-term and stable solution for research funding, reducing reliance on charity donations impacted by the pandemic.
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Scotland Office
115
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The UK Government published its Research and Development Roadmap260 in July
Government response AI summary
The government acknowledged the R&D Roadmap, detailing its commitment through the 2021 Spending Review to significantly increase public R&D funding to £20 billion by 2024/25 and £22 billion by 2026/27, affirming its plan to make the UK a science and technology superpower.
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Scotland Office
116
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The Roadmap was warmly welcomed by those who gave evidence to us. Professor Chris Pearce,263 Professor Rebecca Lunn,264 and Professor James Conroy265 particularly welcomed the dual commitment of increasing money in real terms and of reaching 2.4% of GDP spent on R&D, especially in light of the pandemic. The Roadmap …
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The Roadmap was warmly welcomed by those who gave evidence to us. Professor Chris Pearce,263 Professor Rebecca Lunn,264 and Professor James Conroy265 particularly welcomed the dual commitment of increasing money in real terms and of reaching 2.4% of GDP spent on R&D, especially in light of the pandemic. The Roadmap was also welcomed by Universities UK.266 Impact of reduced UK ODA spend on Scottish academic research
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Government response AI summary
The government affirmed its commitment to making the UK a global science and technology superpower by increasing R&D funding to £20 billion by 2024/25 and providing for ODA funding to return to 0.7% of GNI by 2024/25 when fiscal conditions allow.
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Scotland Office
118
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The decision to reduce UK ODA spend from 0.7% to 0.5% of GNI, and the implications this has for the financing of UK academic research, has been criticised by the higher education sector, especially in Scotland, with Universities Scotland saying: [ … ] the scale of cuts is significantly higher …
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The decision to reduce UK ODA spend from 0.7% to 0.5% of GNI, and the implications this has for the financing of UK academic research, has been criticised by the higher education sector, especially in Scotland, with Universities Scotland saying: [ … ] the scale of cuts is significantly higher than expected, at an eye watering 70% according to the latest estimates. The implications of this announcement appear to be completely at odds with the UK Government’s bold ambitions [in the UK Government R&D Roadmap] to make the UK a science superpower and increase investment in research and development and with the UK’s stated aim to recast itself as a “global Britain” in the wake of Brexit. [ … ] UKRI have indicated that they will have to reprofile and reduce grants and may have to terminate some projects that are already in progress. This is previously unheard of. Doing so would abandon many communities in low and middle income countries around the world [ … ]. 261 HMG, ‘UK Research and Development Roadmap’, accessed 20 April 2021 262 HMG, ‘UK Research and Development Roadmap’, accessed 20 April 2021 263 Q118 264 Q119 265 Q5 266 “UUK response to government’s research and innovation roadmap”, Universities UK, 1 July 2020 267 House of Commons Library, ‘Spending Review: Reducing the 0.7% aid commitment’, accessed 19 April 2021 268 “UKRI required to review Official Development Assistance funding”, UKRI, 11 March 2021 269 “UKRI required to review Official Development Assistance funding”, UKRI, 11 March 2021 46 Universities and Scotland It threatens to undermine the trust we and mutual respect have built up with our partners, over decades, as an essential component of overseas development. It sends a message about what the UK does and does not value, which is fundamentally at odds with the values of Scotland’s universities. It poses a huge financial risk to the sector and a risk to jobs and the prospects of early career researchers. Ultimately, termination before completion is a
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Government response AI summary
The government outlined its commitment to increase R&D funding to £20 billion by 2024/25 and noted a provision to return ODA funding to 0.7% of GNI by 2024/25 if fiscal conditions permit. It also confirmed increasing R&D ODA spend to £1bn per annum by 2024/25.
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Scotland Office
120
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The UK Government should be praised for its UK Research and Development Roadmap, especially the commitment to reach 2.4% of GDP spend in this area, which has been extensively welcomed by academic institutions in Scotland. The UK Government should ensure that the commitments it made in the UK Research and …
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The UK Government should be praised for its UK Research and Development Roadmap, especially the commitment to reach 2.4% of GDP spend in this area, which has been extensively welcomed by academic institutions in Scotland. The UK Government should ensure that the commitments it made in the UK Research and Development Roadmap are not derailed as a result of the temporary reduction in UK ODA spend. UK Research and Innovation UKRI role and governance
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Government response AI summary
The government has increased public R&D spending to £20 billion per annum by 2024/25, demonstrating commitment to the R&D Roadmap, and is increasing R&D ODA spend to £1bn per annum by 2024/25, while planning to return total ODA to 0.7% when fiscal conditions allow.
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Scotland Office
121
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS).272 Its main purpose is to “invest in and facilitate research and innovation activities across the United Kingdom, and, through Research England, directly support higher education providers in England to …
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UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (BEIS).272 Its main purpose is to “invest in and facilitate research and innovation activities across the United Kingdom, and, through Research England, directly support higher education providers in England to carry out research and knowledge exchange activities.”273 Its funding decisions are “made independently from Government” and are made “through independent evaluation by experts, based on the quality and likely impact of that research”.274 The Secretary of State for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy is however “accountable to Parliament for UKRI business and retains the publicly accountable role for overarching policy”.275 In terms of governance: • The UKRI Board is its “primary governing body”.276 It has general oversight of UKRI’s activities and is responsible for achieving UKRI’s strategic objective and vision. The Board is made up of UKRI’s Chair, Chief Executive and Chief Finance Officer, as well as between 9 and 12 independent members drawn from higher education, industry and commerce, policy, and charities and other non- governmental organisations.277 Board members are appointed by the Secretary of State for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy.278 270 “Cuts to ODA funding undermines UK’s “Global Britain” agenda”, Universities Scotland, 26 March 2021 271 House of Commons Library, ‘Spending Review: Reducing the 0.7% aid commitment’, accessed 19 April 2021 272 Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, UKRI Framework Document, May 2018, p 6 273 Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, UKRI Framework Document, May 2018, p 6 274 UKRI, ‘Our relationship with the government’, accessed 20 April 2021 275 Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, UKRI Framework Document, May 2018, p 16 276 UKRI, ‘UKRI Board’, accessed 20 April 2021 277 UKRI, ‘UKRI Board’, accessed 20 April 2021 27
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Government response AI summary
The government acknowledged the description of UKRI by detailing its commitment through the 2021 Spending Review to significantly increase public R&D funding to £20 billion by 2024/25 and £22 billion by 2026/27, aligning with the R&D Roadmap and Innovation Strategy.
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Scotland Office
123
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
On the subject of regional disparities in UKRI funding, Iain Stewart MP said to us “I don’t think there is a problem there to be solved. I don’t think we should get into the position of allocating money purely on a geographic basis. It is the strength of the bids …
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On the subject of regional disparities in UKRI funding, Iain Stewart MP said to us “I don’t think there is a problem there to be solved. I don’t think we should get into the position of allocating money purely on a geographic basis. It is the strength of the bids and the strength of the research programmes [that lead to UKRI funding allocations].”289
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Government response AI summary
The government's response highlights existing UKRI mechanisms and plans to ensure understanding of the diverse R&D landscape across the UK, including legal requirements for board appointments, regular engagement with devolved administrations, and holding meetings outside London.
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Scotland Office
125
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
UKRI’s Framework Document says that “BEIS will regularly engage with the devolved administrations on UKRI’s priorities, including with respect to how UKRI and the devolved funding bodies can most effectively work together to support the UK’s research and innovation base”, and that this will be complemented by “several types” of …
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UKRI’s Framework Document says that “BEIS will regularly engage with the devolved administrations on UKRI’s priorities, including with respect to how UKRI and the devolved funding bodies can most effectively work together to support the UK’s research and innovation base”, and that this will be complemented by “several types” of direct engagement between UKRI and the devolved administrations.293 However, during the course of our inquiry witnesses have questioned whether Scotland has a prominent enough role and sufficient influence within UKRI strategy and decision-making.294 In the view of Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows: While UKRI has responsibility for research across the whole of the UK, within it sits Research England. However, the research funding councils and bodies in the devolved nations are not formally represented in UKRI decision-making structures. Therefore, careful consideration needs to be given to UKRI culture, arrangements and structures to ensure that it is able to fully take account of the needs, priorities and contributions of Scotland and the other devolved nations.295
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Government response AI summary
The government states that UKRI Board appointments consider research conditions in devolved nations and that UKRI engages regularly with Devolved Administrations and their bodies to understand the R&D landscape, while clarifying Research England's essential integration within UKRI's corporate structure.
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Scotland Office
126
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Professor James Conroy, University of Glasgow, thought the Scottish Funding Council (SFC) was an “afterthought” in deliberations about how UK-wide funding is delivered.296 In his view: We need to have much more robust engagement between SFC and the English bodies, [and] particularly [with] UKRI, to make sure the funding is …
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Professor James Conroy, University of Glasgow, thought the Scottish Funding Council (SFC) was an “afterthought” in deliberations about how UK-wide funding is delivered.296 In his view: We need to have much more robust engagement between SFC and the English bodies, [and] particularly [with] UKRI, to make sure the funding is level and to make sure that the various additional investments that sometimes come on the back of QR and so on also make their way into Scottish universities at the same level as in English universities.297 291 Q11 292 RSE Young Academy of Scotland (USC0006) p 6 293 Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, UKRI Framework Document, May 2018, p 38 294 Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows (USC0013) para 26 295 Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows (USC0013) para 26 296 Q12 297 Q12 Universities and Scotland 49
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Government response AI summary
The government asserts that UKRI operates with an effective understanding of the UK R&D landscape through regular engagement and collaboration with Devolved Administrations and their delivery bodies, and considers devolved nations' research conditions for board appointments.
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Scotland Office
127
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Alastair Sim, Universities Scotland, told us that Scotland’s voice within UKRI was “still something that needs vigilance”.298 He was keen to see a “strong Scottish research voice on the board of UKRI” in succession to Sir Ian Diamond from the University of Aberdeen.299 He went on to say: [Integrating Research …
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Alastair Sim, Universities Scotland, told us that Scotland’s voice within UKRI was “still something that needs vigilance”.298 He was keen to see a “strong Scottish research voice on the board of UKRI” in succession to Sir Ian Diamond from the University of Aberdeen.299 He went on to say: [Integrating Research England into UKRI was not] necessarily the best thing to do. It does give a kind of instinctive closeness to a subset of UK institutions within UKRI just because there are some institutions they work more closely with than others because of the Research England embedding. We argued at the time, given the whole of the UK’s interest in UKRI and given also that devolved administrations are quite major funders of research, that they should have a structurally integral role in deciding UKRI’s priorities, along with the UK Government. I do not think that ever quite happened. I do not think anyone is acting with bad intent, but there is a sort of gravity of things. For instance, in the most recent project to support Covid, the research grant for that, only about 5% came to Scotland.300
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Government response AI summary
The government maintains that UKRI Board appointments are merit-based, but legal requirements ensure consideration of research conditions in devolved nations, and UKRI engages regularly with DAs. It also clarifies that Research England's integration into UKRI is essential for corporate operations and accountability.
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Scotland Office
128
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Providing the perspective of the UK Government, Minister Stewart told us he did “not think there was a problem to be solved” as there was already “strong representation of Scottish interests” within UKRI.301 Supporting this, Rebecca Hackett, Office of the Secretary of State for Scotland, said in her evidence: [ …
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Providing the perspective of the UK Government, Minister Stewart told us he did “not think there was a problem to be solved” as there was already “strong representation of Scottish interests” within UKRI.301 Supporting this, Rebecca Hackett, Office of the Secretary of State for Scotland, said in her evidence: [ … ] we work very proactively to encourage Scottish applicants to the board positions across UK Government agencies, but particularly focused on UKRI and Innovate UK, and it will be the same approach for the new ARIA agency [ … ]. While there is not a specific board role that is allocated for individuals in Scottish institutions, we are very proactive in sharing information on forthcoming vacancies, working closely with colleagues in [the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy] to get that information out there to Scottish stakeholders at the earliest opportunity, and working with stakeholders to connect them in if they are interested in roles.302
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Government response AI summary
The government asserts that UKRI Board appointments are made on individual merit, not regional representation, but that legal requirements ensure consideration of devolved nations' research conditions for a balanced Board, and UKRI engages regularly with Devolved Administrations.
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Scotland Office
132
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Horizon Europe is the EU’s €100 billion research and innovation programme that succeeds Horizon 2020 and runs from 2021 to 2027. The programme aims to strengthen European science and technology research, boost innovation capacity, competitiveness and jobs, and deliver on citizens’ priorities.310 Many in the science and research sectors, such …
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Horizon Europe is the EU’s €100 billion research and innovation programme that succeeds Horizon 2020 and runs from 2021 to 2027. The programme aims to strengthen European science and technology research, boost innovation capacity, competitiveness and jobs, and deliver on citizens’ priorities.310 Many in the science and research sectors, such as Wellcome, argued that the UK should associate to Horizon Europe following 305 European Commission, Horizon 2020 in full swing: Three years on (December 2017), p 27 306 European Commission, Horizon 2020 in full swing: Three years on (December 2017), p 28 307 Q136 308 Q178 309 Q192 310 Wellcome, Why the UK should associate to Horizon Europe (November 2019), p 4 Universities and Scotland 51 the UK’s withdrawal from the EU. This was because “EU Framework Programmes are the most ambitious multilateral funding schemes in the world, and participation is increasingly global”.311
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Government response AI summary
The government confirms it has already agreed to associate with Horizon Europe through the Trade and Cooperation Agreement, specifying the terms of participation and financial arrangements, and notes ongoing delays in formalisation by the EU.
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Scotland Office
133
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The EU-UK Trade and Corporation Agreement, struck on 24 December 2020, confirms that—unlike Erasmus+—the UK would continue to participate in Horizon Europe following the end of the Transition Period. This decision was widely praised by the science and research sectors312 and those who gave evidence to us, including Royal Society …
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The EU-UK Trade and Corporation Agreement, struck on 24 December 2020, confirms that—unlike Erasmus+—the UK would continue to participate in Horizon Europe following the end of the Transition Period. This decision was widely praised by the science and research sectors312 and those who gave evidence to us, including Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows who welcomed the decision,313 and Minister Lochhead, who said it was in “the best interests of Scotland”.314 Iain Stewart MP, Minister for Scotland, told us that: Horizon is an incredibly important scheme. [The UK Government] often get accused of taking a dogmatic approach, that if something has its origins in the EU, then it is intrinsically bad. That is absolutely not what we have done. We have taken a very pragmatic look. Projects like Horizon, which [ … ] deliver enormous benefits, we actively wanted to remain part of. That is what we have done in the [EU-UK Trade and Corporation] Agreement.315 UK influence in, and investment from, Horizon Europe
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Government response AI summary
The government confirms its agreement to associate with Horizon Europe through the Trade and Cooperation Agreement, reiterating the terms of participation and financial safeguards, despite persistent delays from the EU in formalising the arrangement.
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Scotland Office
135
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The US has previously had concerns over potential involvement in Horizon Europe. Constance Arvis, Director for Science and Technology Cooperation, US State Department, said in February 2020 that association in Horizon Europe would allow the European Commission to exclude associated countries from elements of the programme and “while this may …
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The US has previously had concerns over potential involvement in Horizon Europe. Constance Arvis, Director for Science and Technology Cooperation, US State Department, said in February 2020 that association in Horizon Europe would allow the European Commission to exclude associated countries from elements of the programme and “while this may sound like the right of a funder to determine how money is spent, when a country associates, it becomes a funder. Therefore, this could mean reduced access and- or influence over monies that an associated country has provided to the collaboration.”319
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Government response AI summary
The government has already agreed to associate with Horizon Europe under terms that ensure UK researchers' access and financial contributions are fair, with provisions to not pay for excluded parts of the program, addressing the US's previous concerns.
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Scotland Office
136
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
When we asked Minister Lochhead how much of a risk there was that the UK, and therefore Scotland, will lose influence over Horizon and benefit from its contributions going forward, he told us that was “a real concern that has been expressed by the sector”, especially as projects based in …
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When we asked Minister Lochhead how much of a risk there was that the UK, and therefore Scotland, will lose influence over Horizon and benefit from its contributions going forward, he told us that was “a real concern that has been expressed by the sector”, especially as projects based in the EU may look like a “more attractive destination” for Horizon collaborations.320 Not only might the UK now look like a less attractive place for Horizon collaboration, but Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows made the point to us that UK applications for Horizon funding had decreased in recent years: While Scotland has traditionally done very well at securing competitive research funding from the EU, analysis has shown that the UK’s annual share of EU research funding has fallen by half a billion Euros since 2015 and there has been a 40% drop in UK applications to Horizon Europe. Substantial work will be needed to encourage UK researchers to take up the opportunities that association to Horizon Europe provides.321
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Government response AI summary
The government reaffirmed its agreement to associate with Horizon Europe, noting persistent delays from the EU but confirming UK eligibility to apply for funding on equivalent terms to EU Member States. It also outlined plans for alternative UK schemes in the event that association is …
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Scotland Office
137
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Minister Stewart did not think the UK or Scotland would be disadvantaged as an associate member of Horizon Europe.322 Expanding on this further, Rebecca Hackett, Office of the Secretary of State for Scotland, informed us that: [ … ] there are certain rules on what associate members can do in …
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Minister Stewart did not think the UK or Scotland would be disadvantaged as an associate member of Horizon Europe.322 Expanding on this further, Rebecca Hackett, Office of the Secretary of State for Scotland, informed us that: [ … ] there are certain rules on what associate members can do in comparison to full members in terms of leading consortia. It comes back to [ … ] the strength of the UK’s offer in terms of research and innovation and that ability to bring in international partners, which is something that has really been recognised. If you look at Israel as an example of a country that has huge strengths, as an associate member it has been able to play a very full role, similarly for Switzerland, Norway and others. We are very confident that the UK and the institutions across the UK will be able to play a very full part in the programme and benefit enormously. Having had that membership of the programme and the track record of participating, we should be in a very good place to do that.323
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Government response AI summary
The government confirmed its agreement to associate with Horizon Europe, reiterating its readiness to formalise participation despite delays from the EU, and detailed the benefits and terms for UK researchers. It also outlined plans for alternative UK schemes if association is not possible.
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Scotland Office
138
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
The Horizon programme has been, and will continue to be, vital to Scottish academic research. It aids Scotland’s universities in their quest to tackle the biggest global challenges. We praise the UK Government for ensuring the UK’s continued participation; it is an investment worth making. Concerns have however been raised …
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The Horizon programme has been, and will continue to be, vital to Scottish academic research. It aids Scotland’s universities in their quest to tackle the biggest global challenges. We praise the UK Government for ensuring the UK’s continued participation; it is an investment worth making. Concerns have however been raised about the UK’s status as a non-EU member. The UK Government should ensure that the UK reaps the maximum possible benefits from Horizon Europe in areas such as health, climate and energy and is not disadvantaged as a non-EU member or inappropriately 319 “US demands better terms for taking part in Horizon Europe”, University World News, 15 February 2020 320 Q194 321 Royal Society of Edinburgh Fellows (USC0013) para 16 322 Q270 323 Q270 Universities and Scotland 53 excluded from relevant programmes. In addition if, for any reason, the UK receives less in competitive grants than its financial contributions, the UK Government should explore why this might be and, if appropriate, seek to adjust its financial contribution accordingly. The internationalisation agenda of Scottish universities and international research collaborations
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Government response AI summary
The government confirms its agreement to associate with Horizon Europe, stating the terms ensure fair financial contribution and equivalent participation for UK applicants, and has a contingency plan if association is not formalised.
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Scotland Office
143
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Minister Lochhead also said that—following Brexit—Scottish researchers and academics are “worried” about “the hostile immigration policy and what that means in terms of Scotland being seen as an open and welcoming country”.335 Professor James Conroy, University of Glasgow, made the point that UK immigration polices need to be competitive with …
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Minister Lochhead also said that—following Brexit—Scottish researchers and academics are “worried” about “the hostile immigration policy and what that means in terms of Scotland being seen as an open and welcoming country”.335 Professor James Conroy, University of Glasgow, made the point that UK immigration polices need to be competitive with other English-speaking countries, such as the US and Australia.336
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Government response AI summary
The government highlights its new global, points-based immigration system, including the Graduate route, and the Office for Talent, asserting these policies already ensure the UK welcomes international talent and is competitive.
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Scotland Office
144
Conclusion
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
In terms of ensuring that the UK remains an attractive place to work in for international academics, Iain Stewart MP, Minister for Scotland, highlighted to us that the Government is working on an International Education Strategy, headed up by Sir Steve Smith, “that is looking at the whole piece of …
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In terms of ensuring that the UK remains an attractive place to work in for international academics, Iain Stewart MP, Minister for Scotland, highlighted to us that the Government is working on an International Education Strategy, headed up by Sir Steve Smith, “that is looking at the whole piece of making the UK academically a hugely attractive place to come and work and study” (and is due to conclude in the summer of 2021).337
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Government response AI summary
The government highlights its new points-based immigration system, including the Graduate route, which aims to attract international talent and is committed to increasing international student numbers to 600,000 by 2030. It also notes the establishment of the Office for Talent to further improve the UK's …
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Scotland Office
149
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Professor Katherine Smith, University of Strathclyde, told us that—despite the fact that most EU nationals are allowed to continue working in the UK—she was “really clear from conversations with colleagues working in Scotland, who were born in other European countries, that they are concerned and are feeling less welcome” following …
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Professor Katherine Smith, University of Strathclyde, told us that—despite the fact that most EU nationals are allowed to continue working in the UK—she was “really clear from conversations with colleagues working in Scotland, who were born in other European countries, that they are concerned and are feeling less welcome” following Brexit and that “almost all of them have started to explore whether they could move elsewhere in Europe”.348 We heard a similar picture from Professor Rebecca Lunn, who informed us that “a number of eastern European academics, who are very talented, have decided to go back, and a number of people have pulled out of interviews”.349 Karen Watt, Scottish Funding Council, welcomed the UK’s post-study work visa—and thought it would be an important part of the UK’s package that EU nationals will access post-Brexit—but also commented that the general environment and welcome that EU nationals receive post- Brexit matters.350
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Government response AI summary
The government stated it has extensively promoted its new immigration system, including the Graduate route, to send a clear message that the UK welcomes international talent. It has also established the Office for Talent to improve the approach to attracting global talent and strengthen the …
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Scotland Office
151
Recommendation
First Report - Universities and Scotland
Accepted
Academic institutions in Scotland depend on partnerships and connections with institutions across the EU. That includes academics who come from the EU to work in Scotland, who often specialise in highly technical areas which can be difficult to recruit from elsewhere. Whilst immigration policies are key, it’s also important to …
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Academic institutions in Scotland depend on partnerships and connections with institutions across the EU. That includes academics who come from the EU to work in Scotland, who often specialise in highly technical areas which can be difficult to recruit from elsewhere. Whilst immigration policies are key, it’s also important to create a hospitable environment where academics feel welcome. We have heard during our inquiry that academics from the EU working in Scotland have been returning to the EU, and that job applications from EU academics are being withdrawn. We have been told that this is not because they are not allowed to stay or come to Scotland, it is because they do not feel welcome following Brexit. The UK Government must promote a positive narrative—including by using its significant diplomatic reach—that, whilst we have left the EU, the UK and Scotland remain an attractive place to work for EU nationals and the brightest and best the EU has to offer are not just ‘allowed’ to work here, but are actively welcomed. 348 Q105 349 Q105 350 Q81 351 Q266 352 Q266 Universities and Scotland 57
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Government response AI summary
The government accepted the recommendation, outlining actions such as launching the new global, points-based immigration system (including the Graduate route), extensively promoting these routes, committing to increasing international student numbers, and establishing the Office for Talent to further improve the UK's talent offer.
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Scotland Office