Child exploitation criminalisation
Systemic failure to divert children and young people exploited by criminal gangs away from the criminal justice system.
Source spread
Where this theme appears
This theme appears across 11 independent accountability sources, so the source mix matters as much as the headline total.
19 inquiry recs
1 PFD report
19 committee recs
5 IMB recs
17 DHR recs
9 LGO/SPSO decisions
5 CJINI reports
1 Law Commission project
Browse by source
Source-grouped records are useful for tracing where a concern came from. Large sections show the 50 strongest matches for that source; counts still show the full theme total.
Inquiry recommendations(19)
26 — Alternatives to imprisonment for intra-familial abuse
Recommendation: While there should be no decriminalising of child sexual abuse, consideration should be given to alternatives to imprisonment in cases at least of intra-familial child sexual abuse (15.53-54).
Unknown
25 — Alternatives to prosecution
Recommendation: Consideration should be given to the adoption of alternatives to prosecution in appropriate cases (15.52).
Unknown
106 — Online age verification legislation
Recommendation: The government should introduce legislation requiring providers of online services and social media platforms to implement more stringent age verification techniques on all relevant devices.
Gov response: 11. The Government’s initial response to the White Paper, published in February 2020, outlines our proposals for tackling online harms and delivering a higher level of protection for children than for the typical adult user. …
Noted
105 — WeProtect international action on CSAM
Recommendation: The government should press the WeProtect Global Alliance to take more action internationally to ensure that those countries hosting indecent images of children implement legislation and procedures to prevent access to such imagery.
Gov response: 19. Supported by a range of philanthropic donors, the WPGA will continue to lead in the fight against online CSEA. The UK Government is a permanent member of its new management board, and as such …
Noted
104 — High risk countries list for travel orders
Recommendation: The Home Office should bring forward legislation providing for the establishment and maintenance by the National Crime Agency of a list of countries where children are considered to be at high risk of sexual abuse and exploitation from overseas offenders. …
Gov response: 8. The Home Office fully accepts the Inquiry’s recommendation and will bring forward the necessary legislation to give effect to this recommendation when parliamentary time allows. To deliver on this recommendation, the Home Office has …
Accepted
71 — Pre-screen material before upload
Recommendation: The government should require industry to pre-screen material before it is uploaded to the internet to prevent access to known indecent images of children.
Gov response: 9. In March 2020, the UK, US, Australia, Canada and New Zealand launched the Voluntary Principles to Counter Online Child Sexual Exploitation and Abuse. The principles were developed in consultation with six leading technology companies …
Noted
70 — Include clergy in position of trust definition
Recommendation: The government should amend Section 21 of the Sexual Offences Act 2003 so as to include clergy within the definition of a position of trust. This would criminalise under s16-s20 sexual activity between clergy and a person aged 16-18, over …
Gov response: I should first like to assure the Inquiry that the criminal law already provides a number of protections to deal with non-consensual and unwanted sexual activity and abuse. These offences rightly carry robust sentences to …
Noted
56 — Update CSE guidance with network information
Recommendation: The Department for Education should review and publish an updated version of its guidance on child sexual exploitation. The update should specify that the core element of the definition of child sexual exploitation is that a child was controlled, coerced, …
Gov response: 19. We recognise that local and national understanding of child sexual exploitation, including where perpetrated by organised networks, has progressed since the guide for practitioners was published in 2017. We therefore propose accepting these recommendations …
Accepted in part
40 — Publish interim online harms code of practice
Recommendation: The government should publish, without further delay, the interim code of practice in respect of child sexual abuse and exploitation as proposed by the Online Harms White Paper (published April 2019).
Gov response: 7. The Online Harms White Paper committed the Government to working with law enforcement agencies and other relevant bodies to produce interim codes of practice on terrorism and child sexual exploitation and abuse (CSEA) due …
Accepted
19 — Nottingham harmful sexual behaviour evaluation
Recommendation: Nottingham City Council and its child protection partners should commission an independent, external evaluation of their practice concerning harmful sexual behaviour, including responses, prevention, assessment, intervention and workforce development. An action plan should be set up to ensure that any …
No response yet
11 — Ban CSE-risk children from semi-independent placements
Recommendation: The Department for Education should ban the placement in semi-independent and independent settings of children aged 16 and 17 who have experienced, or are at heightened risk of experiencing, sexual exploitation. This should be implemented without delay.
Gov response: 32. The government believes that every child in the care system should be placed in a setting that meets their needs and most importantly, keeps them safe. We must do all that we can to …
Not accepted
10 — Publish enhanced Child Exploitation Disruption Toolkit
Recommendation: As referenced in its Tackling Child Sexual Abuse Strategy, the government should publish an enhanced version of its Child Exploitation Disruption Toolkit as soon as possible. This Toolkit must: specify that the core element of the definition of child sexual …
Gov response: 13. The government is committed to issuing a renewed version of the Child Exploitation Disruption Toolkit in the Tackling Child Sexual Abuse Strategy. 14. The government accepts the Inquiry’s recommendation that an enhanced Toolkit should …
Accepted
9 — Mandatory aggravating factor for CSE offences
Recommendation: The government should amend the Sentencing Act 2020 to provide a mandatory aggravating factor in sentencing in the case of the commission of an offence under Part 1 of the Sexual Offences Act 2003 relating to a child, where (1) …
Gov response: 9. Crimes involving the sexual exploitation of children are totally abhorrent and offenders should face the full force of the law. The UK has some of the toughest powers in the world to deal with …
Noted
6 — Redraft canonical crimes as crimes against the child
Recommendation: The Catholic Bishops' Conference of England and Wales should request that the Holy See redraft the canonical crimes relating to child sexual abuse as crimes against the child.
No response yet
4 — National plan for overseas CSA by UK nationals
Recommendation: The Home Office should coordinate the development of a national plan of action addressing child sexual abuse and exploitation overseas by UK nationals and residents of England and Wales, involving input from all lead governmental agencies in the field.
Gov response: 6. The Home Office will implement this recommendation as part of the UK Government’s soon-to-be published Tackling Child Sexual Abuse Strategy, referred to in paragraphs 3 and 4. The Strategy will set out our national …
Accepted
1 — Collect disaggregated CSE data
Recommendation: Police forces and local authorities in England and Wales must collect data on all cases of known or suspected child sexual exploitation and child sexual exploitation by networks. These data should be separated from other data sets, including data on …
Gov response: 27. The Home Office recognises the importance of robust data collection on suspects and offenders to inform problem profiling and activities to disrupt and investigate offenders. That is why we are working with police to …
Noted
37 — Rewrite section 37(2) removal power
Recommendation: Section 37(2) of the Social Work (Scotland) Act 1968 should be re-written so as expressly to empower removal of a child where the child is likely to suffer imminent and significant harm of any kind and the removal is necessary …
Unknown
94 — CICA unspent convictions rule reform
Recommendation: The Chair and Panel recommend that the Ministry of Justice revises Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority rules, so that awards are not automatically rejected in circumstances where an applicant's criminal convictions are likely to be linked to their child sexual abuse. …
Gov response: The cross-government Victims Strategy announced that the Government will consider how the CICS can better serve victims of violent crime including child sexual abuse and terrorism. We have published the terms of reference for the …
Accepted in part
R11 — Sexual offences intelligence retention
Recommendation: The Code of Practice should have particular regard to the factors to be considered when reviewing the retention or deletion of intelligence in cases of sexual offences.
Gov response: In particular, while there will be reference to the relevant guidance within the Code itself, it was felt that standards relating to IT systems, accountability, training, resources and audit required by Recommendations 10 and 11, …
Accepted
Prevention of Future Deaths reports(1)
Select committee recommendations(19)
#110 —
Recommendation: ILPA notes that “[t]his provision disproportionately impacts survivors who were forced to commit crimes as part of their exploitation and who have received convictions. Analysis conducted in 2024 clearly demonstrates that, of the 338 people disqualified (including 40 children): 70% …
Response attribution not verified
#106 —
Recommendation: Sarah Dineley, Deputy Chief Crown Prosecutor at the CPS, stated: “[i]t is vital that, wherever possible, victims of trafficking are identified before any decisions are made on charge and prosecution; this is particularly important where the suspect is a child …
Response attribution not verified
#36 — Adopt a statutory definition of Child Criminal Exploitation to ensure consistent application.
Recommendation: We recommend that the Government consider adopting a statutory definition on Child Criminal Exploitation.
Response attribution not verified
#98 — Introduce a statutory definition of child criminal exploitation to protect victims and ensure justice.
Recommendation: We are disappointed that the Government does not currently agree that there is compelling evidence to introduce a statutory definition of child criminal exploitation. We urge the Government to read our evidence and to consider introducing a statutory definition to …
Response attribution not verified
#97 — Lack of statutory definition for child criminal exploitation causes wrongful prosecutions and inconsistent treatment.
Recommendation: We are deeply concerned that the absence of a statutory definition of child criminal exploitation, and the consequent different interpretations of this crime, leads to children continuing to be prosecuted for crimes committed as a result of exploitation—for example, drug-related …
Response attribution not verified
#118 —
Recommendation: The implications for Albanian women and children are particularly concerning. For example, an Albanian woman who has been trafficked to the UK and faces a real risk of reprisals and re-trafficking upon return to Albania, could be returned to Albania …
Response attribution not verified
#107 —
Recommendation: Whilst survivors of modern slavery should be able to access the ‘Section 45’ defence,142 created to prevent the criminalisation of survivors for offences they were compelled to commit as a result of their exploitation, After Exploitation points out that “its …
Response attribution not verified
#33 — Vital to keep exploited children and young people out of criminal justice system.
Recommendation: To tackle county lines, we believe it is vital that the children and young people exploited (or at risk of exploitation) by criminal gangs are kept out of the criminal justice system.
Response attribution not verified
#9 —
Recommendation: The age of criminal responsibility in England and Wales is a contentious issue with substantial arguments in favour both of the status quo age of 10 and an increase in that age. We are not persuaded that it should be …
Response attribution not verified
#37 — Pilot inclusion of Prevention Officers within County Lines Taskforces to share good practice.
Recommendation: We welcome the British Transport Police’s efforts to improve responses to child exploitation through the secondment of two Prevention Officers from the Children’s Society. We recommend that the Government work with other police forces with a dedicated County Lines Taskforce …
Response attribution not verified
#35 — Link children and young people's drug treatment services with exploitation services for holistic support.
Recommendation: We recommend that the Government work with local partners to link up drug treatment services for children and young people with exploitation services to ensure that they receive holistic support.
Response attribution not verified
#10 —
Recommendation: We recommend that the Ministry review the age of criminal responsibility, considering the data available from Scotland and from broadly comparable European and other jurisdictions in which the age is higher than 10 at which it stands in England and …
Response attribution not verified
#21 —
Recommendation: Whilst the number of children in youth custody across all ethnicities has reduced (by 73%) between 2010–11 and 2020–21, the proportion from ethnic minority backgrounds has increased (from 32% to 53%).54 Furthermore, the Ministry of Justice drew our attention to …
Response attribution not verified
#20 —
Recommendation: Between 2010–11 and 2020–21, the number of children cautioned or sentenced for an offence reduced from 85,300 to 15,751 (an 82% reduction) and the number of first- time entrants to the youth criminal justice system reduced from 46,012 to 8,848 …
Response attribution not verified
#6 —
Recommendation: The Ministry of Justice and Home Office seem to lack curiosity about the increase in the proportion of children from ethnic minority background in youth custody and appear to have no current plan to address the situation. While the number …
Response attribution not verified
#1 —
Recommendation: Extremism is evolving rapidly and becoming more complex. Long-standing terrorist threats remain but new forms of extremism are emerging and give rise to growing concern. The impact of geo-political events is likely to intensify in light of continuing conflict in …
Response attribution not verified
#32 — Drug strategy requires further action to prevent exploitation of children by county lines.
Recommendation: We welcome the 10-Year Drug Strategy’s commitment to rolling up county lines but increasing law enforcement efforts is only one part of the solution. We therefore welcome the strategy’s commitment to reducing demand for drugs and to re- building the …
Response attribution not verified
#9 —
Recommendation: Prevent is poorly adapted to deal with the digital world. We have outlined how online spaces are now central to the radicalisation process, particularly for young people, yet Prevent lacks the specialist knowledge or framework for identifying and assessing credible …
Response attribution not verified
#7 — Embed a safeguarding approach to prosecute paramilitary activity as modern slavery and exploitation.
Recommendation: Low prosecution rates for those who commit violent crime can act as a barrier to reporting the crimes of paramilitary groups and serve to perpetuate the impunity with which these groups act. An effective criminal justice system able to identify …
Response attribution not verified
IMB individual recommendations(5)
Feltham (2024)
To the Mayor of London: what is he doing to address knife crime and gang conflict in London?
Other
In Progress
Feltham (2024)
What is the Government doing to address youth knife crime and gang culture, which leads young people to custody with very long sentences for crimes of extreme violence?
Ministry of Justice
In Progress
Feltham (2025)
Address knife crime and gang conflict in London (Mayor of London).
Other
Feltham (2025)
Address youth knife crime and gang culture.
Ministry of Justice
Wetherby (2020)
Increasing numbers of YP are charged with violent offences and are placed in custody, either sentenced or on remand. What is being done at a national level to reduce the levels of violence among YP?
Ministry of Justice
Accepted
Health investigations(2)
Independent investigation into the care and treatment of Mr N — Rec 17
The Trust and Local Authority should complete a review of the current processes in place for identifying children and young people who may be vulnerable to child exploitation, county lines drug gangs or general involvement with gangs to ensure that these are in line with current national best practice and …
london
Accepted
Independent investigation into the care and treatment of Mr N — Rec Regional recommendat
The North West London Integrated Care System should seek assurance that an understanding of the risks to vulnerable young people of ‘county lines’, and gang related threats is embedded in all services and systems dealing with the mental health of young people. This will help to ensure there are no …
london
Independent reviews(18)
Bailey Review on Childhood — Rec 8
Prohibiting the employment of children as brand ambassadors and in peer-to-peer marketing. The Committee of Advertising Practice and other advertising and marketing bodies should urgently explore whether, as many parents believe, the advertising self- regulatory codes should prohibit the employment of children under the age of 16 as brand ambassadors …
Education
Sewell Commission — Rec 18
Improve safety and support for children at risk The Commission recommends that the Youth Justice Board (YJB), working with partners across government with expertise in child criminal exploitation, develops a digital solution that can be accessed and used by children and young people before or at the point of crisis. …
Other
Taylor Youth Justice Review — Rec 24
The Ministry of Justice should consider whether the law on youth reporting restrictions should be amended to provide for them to apply automatically in the Crown Court, to children involved in criminal investigations and for the lifetime of young defendants. (Paragraph 107)
Justice & Legal
Taylor Youth Justice Review — Rec 19
The Ministry of Justice and the Home Office should develop a distinct approach to how childhood offending is treated by the criminal records system. (Paragraph 85) This should include: consideration of distinguishing between under-15s and 15-17 year olds in terms of the retention and disclosure implications of offending; (Paragraph 86) …
Justice & Legal
MacAlister Review — Rec 16
Subject to a positive evaluation of the pilot to devolve responsibility for the National Referral Mechanism decisions for child victims to local areas, government should roll this out to all areas.
Education
Lammy Review — Rec 7
The CPS should examine how Modern Slavery legislation can be used to its fullest, to protect the public and prevent the exploitation of vulnerable young men and women.
Justice & Legal
Accepted
Timpson Review — Rec 30
The government's £200 million Youth Endowment Fund, which is testing interventions designed to prevent children from becoming involved in a life of crime and violence, should be open to schools, including AP. This will enable the development of workable approaches of support, early intervention and prevention, for 10 to 14 …
Education
Accepted
Casey Review — Rec 7
The Met should create an overarching children's strategy for London to address long-standing concerns about its child protection and safeguarding practices. This should: i) address its approach to children and young people who are suspected of crimes, and its approach to protecting children and young people who are both victims …
Policing & Security
Accepted
Taylor Youth Justice Review — Rec 18
The Home Office, the Department for Education, the Welsh government and the National Police Chief's Council should work together to make sure that police officers are able to apply their full discretion in responding to incidents and offences in children's homes, and that there is a presumption of no formal …
Justice & Legal
Modern Slavery Act Review — Rec 66
We recommend extending the provision of Section 23 [of the Act] to allow Crown Court Judges to make Slavery and Trafficking Risk Orders.
Justice & Legal
Accepted
Modern Slavery Act Review — Rec 61
Section 1(5) and section 2(2) [of the Act] should be amended to reflect more clearly that a child is not able to consent to any element of their trafficking.
Justice & Legal
Accepted
Sewell Commission — Rec 12
Prevent harm, reduce crime and divert young people away from the criminal justice system The Commission wants to urgently address the disproportionate number of ethnic minority young people going into the criminal justice system as a result of low-level Class B drug possession. The Commission is not advocating or endorsing …
Other
Modern Slavery Act Review — Rec 80
The Ministry of Justice, Crown Prosecution Service and HM Courts and Tribunals Service should collect data on the type of exploitation involved in modern slavery prosecutions, and the age of the alleged victim(s).
Justice & Legal
Accepted
Modern Slavery Act Review — Rec 78
The accurate collection of data on the use of the statutory defence [for victims of modern slavery] is vital. As a priority, we recommend that the police, the CPS and HM Courts and Tribunals Service record data on how the statutory defence is being used by adults and children. The …
Justice & Legal
Accepted
Modern Slavery Act Review — Rec 72
For all potential victims of modern slavery, it is essential that defence lawyers are aware of the statutory defence and advise their clients to disclose at the earliest possible stage if they are a victim of trafficking or modern slavery. This is even more important in the cases of children. …
Justice & Legal
Accepted
Modern Slavery Act Review — Rec 71
We do not recommend any changes to Schedule 4 [of the Act]. A balance needs to be achieved between preventing the perpetrators of serious criminal acts from evading justice and protecting genuine victims [of modern slavery] from prosecution. An absolute defence for all offences is not appropriate. The current safeguards …
Justice & Legal
Accepted
Modern Slavery Act Review — Rec 70
Law enforcement bodies and prosecutors should make provision to conduct thorough investigations and gather sufficient evidence to demonstrate whether an individual is a victim [of modern slavery] or not [in cases where the statutory defence has been raised].
Justice & Legal
Accepted
Modern Slavery Act Review — Rec 69
There is a natural tension which exists in any defence, between the potential for misuse and the need to protect victims. We believe a balance needs to be maintained, and the current legislation, case-law and the system of trial by jury achieves the right balance [in respect of the statutory …
Justice & Legal
Accepted
LGO / SPSO decisions(9)
22-003-490 — Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole Council
Summary: We will not investigate this complaint about a failure by the Council to take action to assist Ms X’s family when a child was being exploited. The complaint is late and there is no good reason to consider it now.
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Jun 2022
24-005-324 — Lancashire County Council
Summary: We will not investigate Mr X’s complaint. This is because there is no sign of fault in the Council’s decision not to consider his complaint whilst there are ongoing court proceedings.
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Jul 2024
24-004-715 — Surrey County Council
Summary: We will not investigate this complaint about the Council’s involvement in Ms X’s child’s case. The law prevents us investigating complaints about what happened in court, and we have no power to overturn a court decision and return Ms X’s child to her care.
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Jul 2024
24-004-580 — London Borough of Havering
Summary: We will not investigate this complaint about the Council’s involvement in Mr X’s child’s case. The matter is being considered by the courts, and we are therefore prevented in law from investigating it.
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Jul 2024
24-003-323 — Nottinghamshire County Council
Summary: We will not investigate this complaint about how the Council dealt with matters concerning a safeguarding matter. This is because there is insufficient evidence of fault.
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Jul 2024
24-021-357 — London Borough of Tower Hamlets
Summary: We will not investigate Ms X’s complaint about the Council’s involvement with her child. The law prevents us from investigating anything that has been the subject of court proceedings or could have reasonably been raised in court. We cannot achieve the outcome Ms X wants.
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Apr 2025
24-021-015 — West Northamptonshire Council
Summary: We will not investigate Miss X’s complaint about the Council’s involvement with her children. The law prevents us from investigating anything that is the subject of court proceedings. We also cannot achieve the outcome Miss X wants.
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Apr 2025
24-020-426 — Kent County Council
Summary: We will not investigate this complaint that the Council failed to properly consider the complainant’s concerns about the placement of her children with their father. This is because the complaint concerns matters which have been considered and decided in court, or are closely related to such matters.
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Apr 2025
24-011-580 — London Borough of Haringey
Summary: Miss X complained the Council has failed to properly investigate her complaints about the Council’s actions following the decision to place her grandson in her care. She also complained the Council has failed to address her concerns or provide an appropriate remedy. We found the Council’s failure to provide …
LGO (Local Government & …
Children S Care Services
Upheld
Apr 2025
Domestic Homicide Reviews(17)
Oxford — recommendation 10
Thames Valley Police to issue guidance to all staff in relation to the investigation of incidents involving the exchange of indecent images between children (under 18) via mobile phones and other such devices; referred to as ‘sexting’.
Thames Valley Police
Thames Valley Police
Oxford — recommendation 7
Raise awareness on online child exploitation
Bournemouth Church Housing Association
Lewisham — recommendation 6)
That the local approach to child sexual exploitation be considered by the Local Safeguarding Children’s Board.
Local Safeguarding Children’s Board
Sutton Local Safeguarding Children’s …
Torfaen — recommendation 7
Torfaen Local Safeguarding Children Board (superseded by the South East Wales Safeguarding Children Board in April 2013) states it had undertaken a proactive approach to Child Sexual Exploitation from late 2011 with the then Operation Artemis. Their IMR notes that training to identify grooming was cascaded from 2008 onwards although …
South East Wales Safeguarding Children Board …
Gwent Police
Stoke-on-Trent — recommendation 5b
reinforce the message that young people do not become any less vulnerable to exploitation as they approach adulthood and that at any age they should not be viewed as consenting to their own exploitation.
Stoke-on-Trent Safeguarding Children Board | (Staffordshire …
Stoke-on-Trent — recommendation 5a
seek reassurance from partners that their processes and training provision enable all staff to effectively identify and respond to children at risk of Child Sexual Exploitation, and
Stoke-on-Trent Safeguarding Children Board | (Staffordshire …
Cornwall — recommendation 21.15.4
Recognising signs of CSE and exploitation: Significant progress has been made within the workforce about signs and understanding of exploitation, this review highlights the progress that has been made and need for continual focus and systemic work in this area of practice
Cornwall Children’s Services - Together For …
Cheltenham — recommendation 1D
In circumstances of relationship harm (criminal abuse or assault) among young people the Police should take a robust enforcement approach. That would normally mean seeking the arrest of the perpetrator
Police
Police Services
Torfaen — recommendation 11
Correspondingly, the multi-agency nature of the response and the specialist CSE input by Barnardos into the Hub will need to be enhanced by the addition of a Young Persons Independent Domestic Abuse Advocate. We recognise this will require funding but at present much agency time is spent in an uncoordinated …
Gwent Missing Children Hub | Barnardos
Wycombe — recommendation 1
The Panel recommends that Wycombe District Council’s Licensing Department Taxi Driver training to raise awareness of Child Sexual Exploitation, is enhanced by adding safeguarding and the reporting of suspicious activity or concerns which extend, not just to children but, to adults who may appear vulnerable.
Wycombe District Council’s Licensing Department
Cornwall — recommendation 21.12.2
First Light to commit to updating the Trauma informed practice, training, knowledge and culture within the service – and recognising the signs of CSE, CSA and exploitation and the impact this has on current presentation and behaviour incorporating ACE’s into current assessment processes.
First Light
Basildon — recommendation 11.10.2
That the Home Office work with the College of Policing to ensure that all Forces have a shared understanding of protocols in place when children at risk of CSE are moved across local authority and policing areas.
Home Office | College of Policing
Home Office
Basildon — recommendation 11.9.6
That the process for transferring CSE subjects from area to area, as well as in and out of MPS, is clarified and delivered to all staff. Understanding must be clear for all staff that any CSE subjects residing in the MPS, requires an active CSE report for assessment and monitoring …
Metropolitan Police Service
Metropolitan Police Service
Basildon — recommendation 11.9.5
That staff have a clear understanding that any CSE subject residing within MPS requires an active CSE report for assessment and monitoring of SET.
Metropolitan Police Service
Metropolitan Police Service
Basildon — recommendation 11.7.12
That the Force lead reviews existing working practices to ensure that appropriate structures, procedures and processes are in place, to enable effective information sharing and working between forces regarding CSE and Child Abuse investigations. It is also recommended that a new procedure should be developed for the handover of relevant …
Essex Police
Essex Police
Basildon — recommendation 11.7.3
That Force Child Abuse Investigation Procedures are reviewed to include the requirement of a standardised CSE risk assessment recording process, which provides a full audit of the assessment. It is recommended that this is used in all cases where a CSE risk assessment is conducted, and thereafter uploaded to Athena.
Essex Police
Essex Police
Wolverhampton — recommendation 4
Where information is obtained which suggests local religious leaders may be using charms or other idiosyncratic practices to ‘ward off evil spirits’, consideration should be given to a timely, sensitive yet robust assessment being undertaken by the relevant agencies i.e., children’s/adults’ services, Police, to ensure there is no evidence of …
Safer Wolverhampton Partnership
CJINI inspection reports(5)
Child Exploitation – Report on the independent Inquiry
Abuse and Exploitation, Children and Young People
Nov 2014
Child Sexual Exploitation in Northern Ireland: An Inspection of the Criminal Justice System Response
Abuse and Exploitation, Children and Young People
Jun 2020
Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking: An inspection of how the Criminal Justice System deals with Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking in Northern Ireland
Modern Slavery and Human Trafficking, Crime
Oct 2020
Child Sexual Exploitation Follow-Up Review: An assessment of the criminal justice system’s response
Abuse and Exploitation, Children and Young People
Dec 2025
An Inspection of child criminal exploitation in Northern Ireland
Abuse and Exploitation, Children and Young People
Feb 2026