Source · IMB Annual Report
Pentonville
Year: 2021
Published: 14 Sep 2021
Type: Prison · Cat B, C, YOI, local
Population: 966
Recommendations: 13
Key concerns
Positive findings
During a reporting year dominated by the Covid-19 pandemic, Pentonville successfully avoided a widespread deadly outbreak through stringent measures, though two prisoners sadly died. However, the Board found that the highly restricted regime led to inhumane conditions, with prisoners confined to cells for extended periods, impacting mental health and resettlement progression. Key concerns remain around overcrowding, inadequate facilities, the safety of vulnerable prisoners, and persistent violence and drug issues, with limited progress on ACCT quality and disproportionality in disciplinary actions.
Safety statistics
| Indicator | This year | Previous |
|---|---|---|
| Deaths in custody | 4 | — |
| Self-harm incidents | 556 | 682 |
| ACCT cases opened | 774 | 786 |
| Use of force | 825 | — |
Positive findings
The IMB believes that the management team could not have safely provided the men with a better regime given the infection risks, the staffing numbers, the infrastructure, and the number of prisoners at Pentonville. Data collection and analysis around use of force and adjudications have improved, and Equalities is now receiving the attention that it deserves. Pentonville’s healthcare and prison staff worked well together to avoid a widespread and deadly Covid-19 outbreak. The homelessness prevention taskforce and increased drug rehabilitation places were positive initiatives. Staff and prisoners showed resilience and maintained generally good relationships despite the challenging year. The chaplaincy team maintained a continuous physical presence and provided support.
Key concerns
Overcrowding
Overcrowding and inhumane conditions due to cell sharing, leading to lack of privacy and decency; the operational capacity should be reduced further to allow for single occupancy of the cells.
Estate/Conditions
Repeated
Inadequate and unhygienic facilities, including appalling shower rooms, insufficient showers, and a critical heating failure that left men without heating or hot water for extended periods.
Mental Health
Significantly reduced mental health provision, shifting from therapeutic care to basic monitoring, with group sessions not permitted during lockdown.
Safety
Repeated
Safety of vulnerable prisoners (VPs), particularly the up to 18 VPs housed outside the self-contained unit, who frequently complained about abuse, threats, being spat at, and assault.
Safety
Repeated
Persistent issues with violence, including high levels of young adult violence.
Substance Misuse
Repeated
Persistent issues with drugs, including inadequate drug dog cover, and the absence of mandatory drug testing (MDT) during the reporting period.
Safety
Backlog in Prisons and Probation Ombudsman (PPO) reports and inquests for deaths, meaning Pentonville is unable to act on independent recommendations and potentially delaying improved outcomes for vulnerable prisoners.
Safety
Repeated
Variable quality of ACCT documents, an issue not effectively resolved since HMIP's February 2020 visit, and the Challenge, Support and Intervention Plan (CSIP) not being fully embedded with all staff.
Complaints/Property
Lack of timeliness of internal prison communication regarding prisoners’ sentence management, generating anxiety among prisoners.
Other
Repeated
Persistent issues with prisoners' property, including delays in searching, issuing, and losses on transfer, causing distress.
Equality/Diversity
Disproportionate representation of 18-24-year-olds, Muslim, Black, and mixed ethnicity prisoners in use of force incidents and adjudications.
Regime/Time Out of Cell
Limited access to work, education, and other group activities, severely compromising prisoners' progression towards successful resettlement.
Safety
Repeated
Body worn video cameras (BWVCs) are still not being activated often enough during incidents, despite the Governor reinforcing its importance.
Regime/Time Out of Cell
Repeated
Work opportunities for vulnerable prisoners (VPs) have been historically poor, and limited during lockdown, leading to complaints of not having enough to do.
Regime/Time Out of Cell
Repeated
The new Incentives and Earned Privileges (IEP) policy has not been implemented due to Covid-19, and the basic level was used disproportionately and contrary to national guidance for much of the year.
Estate/Conditions
Repeated
Vermin is still an issue at Pentonville despite a three-month program of eradication.
Other
Persistent shortage of prisoner kit and clothing, with the replacement system not working, particularly impacting those without external support.
Food/Catering
Repeated
Numerous complaints regarding the quality and quantity of prisoners' food, exacerbated by serving methods during lockdown.
Segregation
Repeated
The care and separation unit (CSU) remains very tired and in urgent need of further major renovations, with cells often out of use due to damage, and radios/distraction packs not always available.
Substance Misuse
Lax supervision of medication queues by prison officers for much of the reporting year led to opiate substitutes becoming a tradeable substance, though supervision improved towards year-end.
Recommendations
| # | Recommendation | Addressee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 |
Will you take steps to reduce the population in Pentonville?
Response
Further to last year’s response regarding the population at HMP/YOI Pentonville, the national prison population has fallen since March 2020 and was primarily driven by a reduction in inflows from the courts during the lockdowns. This has meant there has been a reduction in the number of prisoners sharing cells and has enabled HM Prison and Probation Service’s (HMPPS) Compartmentalisation Strategy to be implemented. Despite this, HMP/YOI Pentonville has continued to need to operate in excess of its certified normal accommodation level (i.e. its uncrowded capacity) because of regional capacity pressure. Latest population projections indicate HMPPS will have significant challenges in dealing with demand once the population returns to pre-Covid-19 levels and therefore it is likely that the prison will continue to be required to hold prisoners over its uncrowded capacity in the future. As such, there are no plans to reduce the population. As the Board will appreciate, the wider problem of crowding in prisons is a longstanding issue that will not be easily addressed. The Government has recently announced to commit over £4 billion capital funding to make significant progress in delivering 18,000 additional prison places across England and Wales by the mid-2020s. This includes creating four new prisons over the next six years and expanding another four prisons over the next three years. These additional prison places will have a positive impact on lowering the proportion of crowding within the prison estate by providing accommodation that is safe, decent and uncrowded. However, the extent to which the proportion of prisoners held in crowded accommodation will reduce will always be dependent on levels of demand in the system. |
Ministry of Justice | Rejected |
| 2 |
Will you invest in the fabric of the prison to provide a safe, decent and rehabilitative environment?
Response
The fabric of HMP/YOI Pentonville is being improved. Windows were replaced on A and J wings in the previous financial year and those on C, D and G wings will be replaced during the current financial year. The windows requiring the most urgent need for replacement have been prioritised. Other projects in the pipeline yet to be mandated include the replacement of heating pipework, smoke compartment work on G wing and basement, A and J wing cellular accommodation mesh and render works and C and D Unit utility cupboard security protection. CCTV was installed on E and F wings plus increased coverage of A, J and G wings in the previous financial year. CCTV will also be installed in the reception and kitchen buildings during the current financial year. |
Ministry of Justice | In progress |
| 3 |
Will the investment in technology made during lockdown be sustained and developed going forward to give prisoners more technology for personal use? For example, more prisoner laptops for education, more video links for those having legal visits, and biometric kiosks on wings.
Response
Investments in technology made during the lockdowns will be sustained. The use of technology to support remote learning and facilitate a blended approach to learning will be further developed going forward. HMPPS is working with the Ministry of Justice In-Cell Technology Programme team, prison education suppliers, and Awarding Organisations to prepare the digital infrastructure across the prison estate to ensure readiness to deliver Essential Digital Skills in prisons as part of the Governments’ commitment to improving the country’s digital literacy skills. The Governor also has the ability to access a wide choice of differing delivery methods through the education provision and online education with the University of Westminster will continue. The roll out of laptops, as part of the In-Cell Technology Programme, continues at pace and will continue to be deployed in more establishments over the coming months. Additionally a new two-year contract has been awarded to a new supplier to continue the Secure Social Video Calling service which will run alongside the return of face-to-face visits and HMPPS is also in the process of re-procuring prisoner self- service kiosks to ensure that more modern services are available to prisoners across the estate. |
Ministry of Justice | In progress |
| 4 |
Will the Prison Service fund and deliver more essential refurbishment for decency, such as toilets and showers?
Response
Planned decency-based projects were carried out in the last financial year including works on A, C, E, G and J wing showers. An increase in the showering facilities on E wing was also achieved via the conversion of a storage room. A further £600 thousand worth of decency works has been committed to for delivery during this financial year with an increase of showering facilities on G wing being explored plus the refurbishment of wings C and F, and the Care and Separation Unit. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 5 |
In the case of further lockdowns, will the Prison Service ensure that prisoners have better access to the education staff than during this past year?
Response
During the pandemic, restrictions were put in place which restricted the regime. Education delivery was in line with the Exceptional Delivery Models (EDM) process and as the establishment moves towards EDM Stage 1 education provision will increase in line with the easing of restrictions of the wider regime. Throughout the pandemic HMPPS has been capturing and sharing lessons learned and we continue to gather and share a range of information, including feedback from scrutiny bodies, staff, those in our care and the voluntary sector. We are feeding learning into prison safety and wellbeing initiatives, regime redesign, and planning and ongoing mitigations for prisoners. Prisons are also using lessons learned from the pandemic to adapt provision, reinforce fair and decent behaviours, and to show visible leadership. HMPPS’ Scrutiny and Intelligence Unit also routinely reviews external scrutiny and internal assurance reports to draw out good practice and themes which are communicated to prisons and more widely across HMPPS. They also identify where lessons could be learned or implemented more effectively. |
HMPPS | In progress |
| 6 |
Will the Prison Service increase the capacity of offending behaviour programmes at Pentonville, so that prisoners can benefit from these programmes without needing to transfer to another prison?
Response
Further to last year’s response, HMP/YOI Pentonville continues to primarily be a reception prison with the main purpose of serving the courts and then moving prisoners to a more suitable establishment post- sentencing. Consequently there are no plans to expand the Offending Behaviour Programme provision at the prison at this time. However, the prison will continue the work with the Time4Change programme for Young Adults and Sycamore Tree will also remain active. |
HMPPS | Rejected |
| 7 |
Will the Prison Service commit to increasing the devolution of decision-making powers to local Governors?
Response
HMPPS continues to keep under review the balance of responsibilities across different areas and levels of the organisation. |
HMPPS | Noted |
| 8 | What will you do to improve the quality of assessment, care in custody and teamwork (ACCT) documents? Repeated | Governor / Director | |
| 9 |
Will you refresh the local incentives and earned privileges (IEP) policy to give: (i) better recognition to positive behaviour and (ii) enhanced prisoners meaningful privileges that will incentivise sustained good behaviour?
Repeated
Response
The prison is waiting for further guidance from HMPPS on the reintroduction of the policy. The current position continues with minimal numbers of residents on basic regime and although there is no guidance on when incentives will be reintroduced, it is understood that following the recent move into level 3 and planning for levels 2 and 1, a timeframe for delivery of the new policy will be re-established. |
Governor / Director | |
| 10 | Will you commit to developing a record of achievement for prisoners that they can use in job applications upon release? | Governor / Director | |
| 11 | Will you ensure that each equalities meeting is attended by yourself or your deputy, and commit to updating and progressing the equalities action plan? Repeated | Governor / Director | |
| 12 | Will you commit to improving the analysis and action driven by the equalities data that is being collected, including discrimination incident reporting forms (DIRFs)? | Governor / Director | |
| 13 | Will you urgently address the lack of timeliness of internal prison communication regarding prisoners’ sentence management, which generates a lot of anxiety among the prisoners? | Governor / Director |
Applications to the IMB
| Category | Current | Previous |
|---|---|---|
| Accommodation (including transfers) | 45 | 38 |
| Adjudications | 32 | 31 |
| Assaults | 12 | 14 |
| Bullying | 20 | 24 |
| Discrimination/Equality | 4 | 1 |
| Education/Training/Work | 12 | 30 |
| Food | 20 | 16 |
| Healthcare | 141 | 187 |
| Legal | 30 | 32 |
| Money/Pay | 52 | 36 |
| Offender Management (OMU) | 28 | 30 |
| Other | 67 | 61 |
| Property | 60 | 50 |
| Release/Transfer | 27 | 29 |
| Remand Status | 3 | 5 |
| Segregation | 28 | 22 |
| Staff Conduct | 46 | 38 |
| Visits/Telephones | 24 | 23 |
| Welfare | 28 | 32 |
Related inspections & investigations
16 Mar 2026
HMIP · IRP
16 Jul 2025
HMIP · Urgent Notification
30 Jun 2025
HMIP · Unannounced
11 Apr 2023
HMIP · IRP
11 Jul 2022
HMIP · Unannounced
11 Mar 2026
PFD
Peter Campbell · This report is being sent to: HM Prison & Probation Service | Phoenix Futures | Practice Plus Group
Other reports for Pentonville
Report details
- Establishment
- Pentonville
- Type
- Prison · Cat B, C, YOI, local
- Report year
- 2021
- Published
- 14 September 2021
- Responsible body
- HMP Pentonville
- Recommendations
- 13
- MoJ rating (2024/25)
- 1 — Serious concern
Population
| Population | 966 |
| Operational capacity | 1,000 |
| CNA (designed for) | 909 106% |
| Time out of cell | 1.0h/day |
Service providers
Community Rehabilitation Company (CRC)
Penrose (sub-contracted by MTCNovo via the London CRC)
Education
Novus
Escort contractor
Serco
Gang violence reduction
Catch22 (until end March 2021)
Gym qualifications
Active IQ
Healthcare and pharmacy
Care UK, known as Practice Plus since October 2020
Housing resettlement
St Mungo’s
Maintenance
Gov Facility Services Ltd
Mental health
Barnet, Enfield and Haringey Mental Health Trust NHS
Resettlement support
Only Connect, Switchback, Standout
Substance misuse programme
Building Futures
Visitors’ centre
Prison Advice and Care Trust (PACT)