Select Committee · Education Committee

Historical Forced Adoption

Status: Open Opened: 2 Jun 2026 19 recommendations 4 conclusions 1 report

In July 2022, the Joint Committee on Human Rights (the JCHR) published its report The Violation of Family Life: Adoption of Children of Unmarried Women 1949–1976 which examined the adoption practices in England and Wales during that time. In its report, the JCHR made a series of recommendations, including on access to adoption records, the … Show more

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption HC 1713 27 Mar 2026 23 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

13 items
4 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

Historical forced adoption practices involved systemic coercion, the removal of parental choice and often resulted...

Historical forced adoption practices involved systemic coercion, the removal of parental choice and often resulted in deep trauma and lifelong consequences for mental and physical health. A formal apology is necessary to acknowledge these harms and to recognise the state’s role in 28 permitting them. We should be clear that … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, referencing their apology which recognised the state's role in enabling harmful practices. They commit to ensuring this acknowledgement is reflected in the public record and future support delivery.
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Department for Education
5 Conclusion 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

Furthermore, many of those affected - both mothers and adult adoptees - are now elderly,...

Furthermore, many of those affected - both mothers and adult adoptees - are now elderly, and any further delay risks denying them the recognition they have waited decades to receive. Given the advancing age of those affected, time is now a critical factor. (Conclusion, Paragraph 29) Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts, stating it committed to and delivered the apology within a clear timeframe following preparatory work and engagement with those affected, addressing the concern about delay.
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Department for Education
6 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

The meaningful involvement of survivors in the design and implementation of an apology is essential...

The meaningful involvement of survivors in the design and implementation of an apology is essential to ensure that the apology validates their experiences and that the mitigations put in place thereafter support them directly. The Government must embed mothers and adoptees’ voices at every stage of the process of an … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts, stating it engaged with affected individuals and organisations during the apology's development and will continue to involve those with lived experience during implementation.
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Department for Education
7 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

The Government must provide an unqualified, formal apology to all those affected by historical forced...

The Government must provide an unqualified, formal apology to all those affected by historical forced adoption practices, including unmarried mothers who were forced to give up their children for adoption, adult adoptees who were forcibly taken from their birth families, unmarried mothers who were able to keep their children, but … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating they have already delivered a formal apology to all those affected by historic forced adoption practices, including mothers, adopted people, fathers, and wider family members.
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Department for Education
8 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

The Government must give an initial commitment to an apology, and must undertake the preliminary...

The Government must give an initial commitment to an apology, and must undertake the preliminary work for an apology - including working with survivor groups - as quickly as possible and commit publicly to a clear timetable for developing and issuing its apology. (Recommendation, Paragraph 32) Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, confirming they committed to and delivered the apology within a clear timeframe, following preparatory work and engagement with affected individuals and organisations.
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Department for Education
9 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

The Government must work directly with mothers, adult adoptees and lived-experience organisations to co-author both...

The Government must work directly with mothers, adult adoptees and lived-experience organisations to co-author both the apology and the measures that follow it. Co-production should run through all subsequent commitments on accessing records, trauma-informed health support, intermediary services, research and long-term representation in policymaking. (Recommendation, Paragraph 33) The State’s involvement Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states it has already engaged with affected individuals and organisations in developing the apology and measures, and commits to continuing this co-production as commitments are implemented.
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Department for Education
10 Conclusion 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

Evidence shows that government policy decisions, funding arrangements and legislative frameworks shaped the environment in...

Evidence shows that government policy decisions, funding arrangements and legislative frameworks shaped the environment in which unmarried mothers were routinely denied any meaningful choice in whether or not they could keep their children and were often shamed and coerced into submitting to have their children put up for adoption. (Conclusion, … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the conclusion, stating their apology recognised the state's role in enabling harmful practices through funding and oversight, committing to reflect this acknowledgement in the public record and future support delivery.
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Department for Education
11 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

We are encouraged by the Minister’s acceptance that the state had a role in historical...

We are encouraged by the Minister’s acceptance that the state had a role in historical forced adoptions. However, the Government must go further by acknowledging the central role that the state had during this time. (Conclusion, Paragraph 39)

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating their apology recognised the state's central role in enabling harmful practices through funding and oversight. They commit to reflecting this acknowledgement in the public record and future support delivery.
Read full response →
Department for Education
12 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

The Government should formally and publicly recognise that the state played a central role in...

The Government should formally and publicly recognise that the state played a central role in enabling and sustaining historical forced adoption practices. Acknowledging this responsibility is essential in order to correct the public record, address previous misrepresentations, reduce the burden of blame and shame felt by many mothers and adoptees … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts, stating its apology already recognised the state's role in enabling harm, and commits to ensuring this acknowledgement is reflected in the public record and future support delivery.
Read full response →
Department for Education
13 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

Survivors of historical forced adoption practices have stressed the profound emotional burden of continually recounting...

Survivors of historical forced adoption practices have stressed the profound emotional burden of continually recounting their experiences and the many years they have spent campaigning without feeling heard by Government. It is clear to us that ongoing, structured dialogue with survivors is not an optional extra but a foundation for … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts in principle, committing to ongoing structured dialogue with survivors, co-developing communications and guidance, and considering mechanisms for engagement to inform policy in a proportionate and sustainable way.
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Department for Education
15 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

The Government must undertake a rigorous assessment of international responses to historical forced adoptions, with...

The Government must undertake a rigorous assessment of international responses to historical forced adoptions, with special attention to the redress mechanisms introduced in Australia, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. This learning should inform a UK approach that avoids symbolic or incomplete action and instead delivers a comprehensive, fully-resourced, … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating they have already considered international approaches to historic forced adoptions, and this learning has informed their apology and ongoing support approach in England.
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Department for Education
16 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

The Government must take urgent action to ensure that all existing adoption records are preserved...

The Government must take urgent action to ensure that all existing adoption records are preserved and protected from deterioration, destruction or loss. It should legislate to introduce a clear statutory duty on every record-holding institution to maintain and securely store their records. (Recommendation, Paragraph 62) Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation and will introduce regulatory changes, subject to Parliamentary approval, to require most historical adoption records to be retained for a minimum of 100 years.
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Department for Education
18 Recommendation 8th Report - Historical Forced Adoption Accepted

The Government should issue new guidance to local authorities to improve the experience of birth...

The Government should issue new guidance to local authorities to improve the experience of birth mothers and adult adoptees seeking information about their records, with additional resources provided to local authorities so that requests for access to records do not have to compete with current child safeguarding priorities and that … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts and commits to working with local authorities to improve practice, including issuing updated communications and supporting the implementation of improved practice guidance by 2025.
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Department for Education

Oral evidence sessions

2 sessions
Date Witnesses
10 Mar 2026 Ann Lloyd Keen · Movement for an Adoption Apology, Debbie Iromlou · Adult Adoptee Movement, Diana Defries · Movement for an Adoption Apology, Josh MacAlister MP · Department for Education, Sally Ells · Adult Adoptee Movement View ↗
24 Feb 2026 Brenda Farrell · Barnardo's, Colonel Peter Forrest · The Salvation Army UK and Ireland, Dr James Gallen · Dublin City University, Dr Janet Greenlees · Glasgow Caledonian University, Dr Michael Lambert · Lancaster University, Emily Frith · Adoption UK, Emma Crowther-Duncan · PAC-UK, Professor Gordon Harold · University of Cambridge View ↗

Who gave evidence

13 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Ann Lloyd Keen · Trustee Movement for an Adoption Apology 1
Brenda Farrell · UK Director for Fostering, Adoption & Children In… Barnardo's 1
Colonel Peter Forrest · Chief Secretary The Salvation Army UK and Ireland 1
Debbie Iromlou · Co-Founder Adult Adoptee Movement 1
Diana Defries · Chair Movement for an Adoption Apology 1
Dr James Gallen · Associate Professor, School of Law and Government Dublin City University 1
Dr Janet Greenlees · Reader in Health History Glasgow Caledonian University 1
Dr Michael Lambert · Lecturer in Medical Humanities Lancaster University 1
Emily Frith · CEO Adoption UK 1
Emma Crowther-Duncan · National Development Lead PAC-UK 1
Josh MacAlister MP · Minister for Children and Families Department for Education 1
Professor Gordon Harold · Professor of the Psychology of Education and Ment… University of Cambridge 1
Sally Ells · Co-Founder Adult Adoptee Movement 1

Correspondence

9 letters
DateDirectionTitle
14 Jul 2026 To cttee Letter from Chair to Secretary of State on the Historical Forced Adoption Apolo…
2 Jul 2026 Government Response to Historical Forced Adoption, dated 02.07.26
10 Jun 2026 Correspondence with Secretary of State on Historical Forced Adoption dated 10.0…
9 Jun 2026 To cttee Letter from Barnardo's on Historical forced adoptions dated 29.06.26
29 Apr 2026 Correspondence with Secretary of State on Historical Forced Adoptions dated 28…
24 Mar 2026 To cttee Letter from Barnardos on Historical Forced Adoption, dated 04.06.26
24 Mar 2026 To cttee Letter from The Salvation Army on Historical Forced Adoption, dated 12.06.26
24 Mar 2026 To cttee Letter from The Salvation Army on Historical Forced Adoption, dated 05.06.26
24 Feb 2026 To cttee Letter from Natalie Don-Innes MSP, Minister for Children, Young People and The …