Recommendation 98

Finland and Sweden’s NATO accession also presents strategic and organisational challenges. NATO deterrence in the High North has traditionally focused on the maritime domain. Finland’s accession to NATO has doubled the length of the Alliance’s land border with Russia. There is therefore a need to increase the training of land forces in cold weather conditions. 118 Norwegian defence planners are now investing in East-West infrastructure to facilitate the reinforcement of Sweden and Finland from the Atlantic across Norway in the event of a conflict with Russia.