Select Committee · Public Accounts Committee

COVID-19: Bounce Back Loan Scheme

Status: Closed Opened: 24 Sep 2020 Closed: 25 Mar 2021 15 recommendations 6 conclusions 1 report

This inquiry continues our work on government’s response to the Covid-19 pandemic. This inquiry focuses on the NAO’s report on the Bounce Back Loan Scheme : its purpose; how it functions; how it has performed to date; and how government manages the associated value for money risks – including the potential for fraud and abuse … Show more

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce Back Loan Scheme HC 687 16 Dec 2020 21 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

21 items
2 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

The Scheme was implemented with impressive speed but does not strike the right balance between...

The Scheme was implemented with impressive speed but does not strike the right balance between supporting business and protecting the taxpayer. Thanks to the hard work and effort of civil servants, the Scheme was launched within two weeks of the Chancellor of the Exchequer proposing it to the Department and … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and stated it implemented the recommendation by actively using all available data in scheme design, undertaking analytical work with dashboards and data comparisons, and developing a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation plan for all three loan schemes, including tendering for an external evaluation …
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HM Treasury
3 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Rejected

Shortcomings in the Scheme’s design have exposed the taxpayer to potentially significant losses.

Shortcomings in the Scheme’s design have exposed the taxpayer to potentially significant losses. Government achieved its very narrow objective of distributing cash quickly and to a very large number of small businesses across the UK. It delivered £8.4 billion in the first week and £21.3 billion in the first month, … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government explicitly disagrees with the recommendation to be explicit about likely losses before launching schemes, citing the need for rapid action during the pandemic and the high uncertainty of early estimates. It confirms the department is refining loss estimates for future updates to Parliament …
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HM Treasury
4 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted in Part

Government’s plans for managing risks to the taxpayer—from both fraud and borrowers who are unable...

Government’s plans for managing risks to the taxpayer—from both fraud and borrowers who are unable to repay loans—are woefully under-developed. Government does not have a counter-fraud strategy for the Scheme and has not identified what types of fraud it will prosecute. The Bank does, nevertheless, have a weekly lender fraud … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed with the committee's broader recommendation on balancing taxpayer interests and protecting against fraud. It outlined measures taken, including Cifas implementation and NATIS involvement for serious fraud cases, and confirmed criminal action for these. However, it did not commit to the British Business …
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HM Treasury
5 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

HM Treasury has not yet finalised the rules lenders need to follow to ensure overdue...

HM Treasury has not yet finalised the rules lenders need to follow to ensure overdue loans are repaid. If a borrower does not repay the loan HM Treasury expects lenders to try to recover the money owed. But there is no requirement to complete this recovery process before the lender … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and stated it has already implemented the recommendation by working with UK Finance and lenders to develop and share consistent recovery guidance, aligning it with regulatory bodies. They opted not to publish the guidance publicly to avoid compromising recovery processes.
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HM Treasury
6 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Not Addressed

Government has no apparent plans to measure the Scheme’s impact, including identifying how many businesses...

Government has no apparent plans to measure the Scheme’s impact, including identifying how many businesses have been unable to access support. The Department indicates that its initial barometer for success was delivering cash to as many businesses in need, as fast as possible. However, no written objectives were outlined at … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response provides context on the Bounce Back Loan Scheme and the committee's report, but it does not address the specific recommendations regarding measuring the scheme's impact, establishing performance measures for new schemes, or analyzing the lending market.
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HM Treasury
1 Conclusion Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Not Addressed

On the basis of a report by the Comptroller & Auditor General (C&AG), we took...

On the basis of a report by the Comptroller & Auditor General (C&AG), we took evidence from HM Treasury, the Department of Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy (the Department) and the British Business Bank (the Bank) on the Bounce Back Loan Scheme (the Scheme). The Scheme was developed to support … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's provided response discusses cash access, future legislation, and cashback facilities, entirely unrelated to the committee's introductory conclusion about the Bounce Back Loan Scheme.
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HM Treasury
7 Conclusion Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Acknowledged

Both Germany and Switzerland delivered schemes to support small and medium- sized enterprises (SMEs) much...

Both Germany and Switzerland delivered schemes to support small and medium- sized enterprises (SMEs) much earlier than the UK.16 Their schemes offered 100% guarantees.17 CBILS, although in place at a similar time, offered an 80% guarantee attempting to remain line with state aid legislation, but unlike other jurisdictions was not … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the committee's observations and states it is working with the British Business Bank to explore how to further strengthen responses to future economic downturns and ensure resilient support for SMEs of all sizes.
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HM Treasury
8 Conclusion Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Acknowledged

Notwithstanding the lack of preparedness, it is clear that staff at HM Treasury, the Department,...

Notwithstanding the lack of preparedness, it is clear that staff at HM Treasury, the Department, and the Bank pulled out all the stops to get the Scheme up and running as quickly as possible; we should not underestimate the level of commitment they have shown in the response to the … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the Bank's essential role in driving economic growth and affirms that ministers acted quickly to implement the scheme in response to the pandemic's economic consequences.
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HM Treasury
9 Conclusion Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Acknowledged

The Scheme is designed with the objective that borrowers receive the loans within 24–48 hours...

The Scheme is designed with the objective that borrowers receive the loans within 24–48 hours of a valid application. This target was based on independent research which suggested that one-third of businesses would probably not be able to access enough cash to continue trading for more than two weeks of … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government considers the existing application process for the Bounce Back Loan Scheme, including borrower self-certification, to remain appropriate given the ongoing need for quick access to finance, and will consider future approaches for any new schemes.
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HM Treasury
10 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

The government’s view that businesses were unable to survive more than a two- week lockdown...

The government’s view that businesses were unable to survive more than a two- week lockdown period was based on anecdotal evidence, and a survey conducted by the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants in mid-April.23 The Department told us that its prime role when gathering data to inform decisions on support … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and stated it has implemented the recommendation by actively seeking to use all available data in scheme design, developing analytical models, and commissioning a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation plan for all three loan guarantee schemes.
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HM Treasury
11 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

The Department informed us that the speed at which finance could be provided was a...

The Department informed us that the speed at which finance could be provided was a key design and operational requirement. We were told that the Department placed no budgetary cap on the Scheme and that demand was far greater than the Department anticipated. Government does not know how much of … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and stated it has implemented the recommendation by actively seeking to use all available data in scheme design, developing analytical models, and commissioning a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation plan for all three loan guarantee schemes.
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HM Treasury
12 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Rejected

Under the Scheme, the Government pays a borrower’s first 12 months of interest directly to...

Under the Scheme, the Government pays a borrower’s first 12 months of interest directly to the lender. At the end of September, when some 1.2 million loans were issued, the Department and the Bank forecast this to cost £1,068 million (£847 million in 2020–21 and £221 million in 2021–22); this … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejected the recommendation, stating that due to urgency and uncertainty, it was not possible to make explicit statements on likely losses before the scheme's launch, but it will refine estimates and update Parliament, and commit to a full impact assessment later.
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HM Treasury
13 Conclusion Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Not Addressed

The Bank told us that lenders are responsible for the Scheme’s fraud management.

The Bank told us that lenders are responsible for the Scheme’s fraud management. The Bank does, nevertheless, have a weekly lender fraud prevention collaboration working group, as well as conducting ‘data-analytics’ work with the Cabinet Office.32 Lenders are responsible for processing loan applications and are required to conduct counter-fraud, anti-money … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's provided response addresses a different Public Accounts Committee recommendation (3b) regarding balancing taxpayer and business interests and reliance on self-certification, not the preceding conclusion #13 on fraud management data.
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HM Treasury
14 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Rejected

The Department has not identified what types of fraud it will prosecute, with the Department...

The Department has not identified what types of fraud it will prosecute, with the Department suggesting there is a range of criminality in fraud; it has euphemistically referred to ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ fraud.34 Hard fraud refers to a type of fraud committed by criminal organizations with the intention to defraud … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejected the recommendation, stating it does not intend to make public the details of its counter-fraud approach to avoid compromising its effectiveness, and that prosecution decisions are independent.
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HM Treasury
15 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

The Bank does not collect information on how businesses have used the loans.36 The NAO...

The Bank does not collect information on how businesses have used the loans.36 The NAO report outlined that there is some evidence that businesses are using the money to pay back existing debt, which the Bank describes as a ‘economically rational’ for businesses to do.37 But this would reduce the … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and is implementing a Monitoring and Evaluation plan for the schemes, with an independent evaluator contracted to publish an initial assessment by Autumn 2021, and will develop SMART objectives for future schemes.
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HM Treasury
16 Conclusion Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Not Addressed

After the initial interest-free period, borrowers will need to make repayments (capital and interest) to...

After the initial interest-free period, borrowers will need to make repayments (capital and interest) to the end of the loan period, in line with their loan agreement.40 There is a high likelihood that some businesses who wish to re-pay the loans will simply be unable to do so. UK Finance … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response addresses a different recommendation regarding the finalisation and uniformity of recovery rules for overdue loans, and therefore does not engage with the committee's conclusion about the high likelihood of businesses struggling to repay Bounce Back Loans.
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HM Treasury
17 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

HM Treasury and the Bank told us they are continuing to work with lenders on...

HM Treasury and the Bank told us they are continuing to work with lenders on debt recovery protocols and processes that are fair to businesses, lenders and taxpayers. HM Treasury expects lenders to try to recover the money owed but there is no requirement to complete this recovery process before … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and stated it has already implemented the recommendation by working with lenders to develop consistent recovery guidance, which has been shared with accredited lenders.
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HM Treasury
18 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

HM Treasury explained to us that, at present, recoveries for the smaller loans are captured...

HM Treasury explained to us that, at present, recoveries for the smaller loans are captured and overseen by the FCA and, for larger loans, by the Lending Standards Board. Thus, although the details have not been clarified, there is already an existing structure regarding recoveries. In turn, it is the … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and stated it has already implemented the recommendation by working with lenders to develop consistent recovery guidance, which has been shared with accredited lenders.
Read full response →
HM Treasury
19 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

The Government indicated that its overarching objective was speed.48 No written objectives were outlined at...

The Government indicated that its overarching objective was speed.48 No written objectives were outlined at the inception of the Scheme and no business case was put forward. The Bank, HM Treasury and the Department, did not agree the Scheme objectives until 15 July and there are no plans in place … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and committed to implementing a Monitoring and Evaluation plan for the current schemes by Autumn 2021, including an independent evaluation contractor for process, impact, and economic assessments. It also committed to analysing the wider lending market and ensuring SMART objectives and performance …
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HM Treasury
20 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

The National Audit Office has previously recommended that the Bank focus more 41 UK Finance...

The National Audit Office has previously recommended that the Bank focus more 41 UK Finance Written Evidence, para 27 42 Q 49 43 Q 70; C&AG’s Report, para 3.8 44 Q 72 45 Q 64 46 Qq 70, 71 47 Qq 48, 71 48 Qq 19, 26, 27 49 C&AG’s … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agreed and stated it has implemented the recommendation by using all available data in scheme design, undertaking analytical work, and developing a comprehensive monitoring and evaluation plan for all three loan guarantee schemes, including tendering for an external evaluation contractor.
Read full response →
HM Treasury
21 Recommendation Thirty-third Report: Covid-19: Bounce B… Accepted

As HM Treasury informed us, during the 24 September Winter Economy Plan Statement, the Chancellor...

As HM Treasury informed us, during the 24 September Winter Economy Plan Statement, the Chancellor indicated there would be a further loan scheme, which is currently in development and will be announced early 2021.54 It is important that any replacement guarantee scheme also enables all lenders to compete effectively in … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the recommendation for future schemes to enable effective lender competition. It is implementing a Monitoring and Evaluation plan, tendering for an independent evaluator, and will publish an initial assessment by Autumn 2021, ensuring SMART objectives for future schemes.
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HM Treasury

Oral evidence sessions

1 session
Date Witnesses
5 Nov 2020 Catherine Lewis La Torre · British Business Bank, Katherine Braddick · HM Treasury, Patrick Magee · British Business Bank, Sarah Munby · Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, Sir Tom Scholar · HM Treasury View ↗

Who gave evidence

5 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Catherine Lewis La Torre · Chief Executive Officer British Business Bank 1
Katherine Braddick · Director General, Financial Services HM Treasury 1
Patrick Magee · Chief Commercial Officer British Business Bank 1
Sarah Munby · Permanent Secretary Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy 1
Sir Tom Scholar · Permanent Secretary HM Treasury 1

Correspondence

2 letters
DateDirectionTitle
13 Jan 2021 Correspondence from Catherine Lewis La Torre, Chief Executive, British Business…
5 Nov 2020 Correspondence from the British Business Bank, dated 3 November 2020 on the Bou…