Select Committee · Public Accounts Committee

Cost of maintaining the FCDO’s overseas estate

Status: Open Opened: 6 May 2025 8 recommendations 18 conclusions 1 report

The Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office’s (FCDO) overseas estate encompasses over 6,000 properties spread over almost 180 countries and valued at around £2.5 billion. The varied locations and uses of properties in this estate each present their own unique challenges which range from supply issues to security concerns. The overseas estate also hosts the operations …

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the FCDO’s overseas estate HC 884 12 Nov 2025 26 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

8 items
2 Conclusion 53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the F… Acknowledged

Ensure FCDO overseas estate achieves sustainable footing with detailed backlog reduction plans

Much of FCDO’s overseas estate is in poor condition, and its estates maintenance backlog would cost an estimated £450 million to resolve. FCDO’s first priority with its overseas estate is providing a safe and legally compliant estate for staff and visitors. However, 933 of its 6,500 properties (around 15%) fail …

Government response. The government agrees with the recommendation to put its overseas estate on a sustainable footing, reduce maintenance backlog, prioritise funding, and achieve efficiencies, but provides no specific details on how or when these actions will be taken or when the …
HM Treasury
11 Conclusion 53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the F… Acknowledged

FCDO's unsustainable estate funding model via property sales replaced by an annual departmental settlement.

Since 2010, FCDO has funded its overseas estate capital and maintenance projects through property sales. It has generated £1.47 billion from sales, largely from a sale in Bangkok in 2018 and a partial sale of its Tokyo site in 2022. FCDO has been able to access these funds flexibly, subject …

Government response. The FCDO will launch an Overseas Network Review (ONR) in January 2026 to rationalize the overseas estate and examine whether there are assets to release. Pending the outcome of the ONR, the estate strategy will focus on creating a safer, …
HM Treasury
13 Conclusion 53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the F… Acknowledged

Diverse and locally managed overseas estate requires a flexible, centrally-owned strategy for optimal asset use.

FCDO’s overseas estate is diverse, including not just offices and residences but also churches, schools, cemeteries and amenities for staff.33 The overseas estate must also adapt to a wide variety of conditions, including different local laws and requirements, the presence of locally skilled labour and access to material supplies. Consequently, …

Government response. FCDO’s overseas posts are responsible for managing their own operations, including their estates, with support from the Estates, Security and Network Directorate (ESND).
HM Treasury
14 Conclusion 53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the F… Acknowledged

Posts routinely fail to monitor and maintain properties, prioritising reactive over preventative maintenance.

Posts have responsibility for maintaining their estates. This is funded through budgets allocated to posts by FCDO’s geographic directorates.36 The Head of Mission in each post—the Ambassador or High Commissioner— has the discretion to decide, within the broad budget areas allocated, how 29 Qq 27, 65 30 Q 27; HMT, …

Government response. FCDO’s overseas posts are responsible for managing their own operations, including their estates, with support from the Estates, Security and Network Directorate (ESND).
HM Treasury
15 Conclusion 53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the F…

FCDO lacks real-time oversight of how posts spend allocated estate maintenance funds.

Around £530 million of FCDO’s estate funding is held centrally by ESND and around £127 million is allocated to posts. FCDO told us that it does know how much of this £127 million is spent by posts on their estate, but only retrospectively. This is because funds are held locally …

HM Treasury
21 Conclusion 53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the F…

Ageing heritage assets in FCDO's overseas estate require £2.1 billion for essential capital projects.

FCDO’s overseas estate contains a number of large properties, including Embassies, official Residences and compounds.55 Many of these properties, such as the Washington Embassy or the British Ambassador’s Residence in Paris, are large heritage assets which perform a key role in supporting the achievement of the UK government’s diplomatic aims …

HM Treasury
25 Conclusion 53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the F… Acknowledged

FCDO provides diverse support to posts for estate management and maintenance.

ESND provides support to posts in managing their estates by setting corporate standards, and providing guidance and technical assistance. FCDO commissions around 75 regional specialists to support posts: regional technical leads that provide advice on maintenance to posts, and technical works supervisors that provide maintenance in secure areas. FCDO also …

Government response. The government describes FCDO's role in managing its overseas estate, the challenges it faces, and the support it provides to posts.
HM Treasury
26 Conclusion 53rd Report - Cost of maintaining the F…

FCDO lacks a comprehensive workforce plan for estate management capabilities.

The NAO report highlighted that FCDO has not produced a workforce plan to understand and address capacity and capability issues either in ESND or at posts.72 FCDO told us that while it has skilled professionals in property based in the UK, a big area of its focus is how to …

HM Treasury

Oral evidence sessions

1 session
Date Witnesses
10 Jul 2025 Dr Ian Collard OBE · Foreign Commonwealth & Development Office, Eddie Hannah OBE · Foreign Commonwealth & Development Office, Nick Dyer · Foreign Commonwealth & Development Office, Sir Oliver Robbins KCMG CB · Foreign Commonwealth & Development Office View ↗

Correspondence

4 letters
DateDirectionTitle
16 Mar 2026 From cttee Letter to the Permanent Secretary of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development …
26 Jan 2026 To cttee Letter from the Permanent Under-Secretary at the Foreign, Commonwealth, and Dev…
4 Sep 2025 To cttee Letter from the Second Permanent Under-Secretary of State of the Foreign, Commo…
4 Sep 2025 From cttee Letter to the Permanent Under-Secretaries of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Deve…