Select Committee · Public Accounts Committee

Collecting the right tax from wealthy individuals

Status: Closed Opened: 26 Mar 2025 Closed: 22 Sep 2025 12 recommendations 15 conclusions 1 report

In 2023-24, there were 850,000 wealthy individuals in the UK paying personal taxes. Wealthy taxpayers are defined by HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC), who have a specific team to look into their tax affairs, as people who, in any of the last three years, have incomes of £200,000 or more, or assets at or above … Show more

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Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
40th Report - Collecting the right tax from wealthy individ… HC 827 16 Jul 2025 27 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

6 items
18 Conclusion 40th Report - Collecting the right tax … Deferred

HMRC's wealthy team has increased compliance yield by preventing non-compliance and targeting complex investigations.

The wealthy team has been generating more of its compliance yield from activities that promote compliance or prevent non-compliance, such as legislative changes, educating agents, and digital prompts within tax software, creating less need for HMRC to open a compliance investigation. HMRC said that by supporting more people to get … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees and states HMRC will publish a plan by Spring 2026 detailing how it will improve compliance by the wealthy population and outlining timelines and outcomes.
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HM Treasury
19 Conclusion 40th Report - Collecting the right tax … Deferred

Nearly half of wealthy team compliance investigations close with no yielded tax.

A significant proportion of the wealthy team’s compliance investigations close with no yield — 46% in 2023–24, though down from 63% in 2022–23.35 We asked HMRC why nearly half of investigations resulted in no yield at all. HMRC explained that it does not know the facts of a case until … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees and states that HMRC is currently designing how its investment will be deployed, and will provide more detail to the Committee by Autumn 2026 on how these investments will improve compliance outcomes for the wealthy.
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HM Treasury
21 Conclusion 40th Report - Collecting the right tax … Deferred

Duration of wealthy individual compliance investigations remains lengthy, particularly for high-value cases.

In 2023–24, HMRC initiated compliance investigations in the majority of instances where it identified a risk of non-compliance.39 The average time it took HMRC to close an investigation increased each year over the period from 2018–19 to 2022–23 to a peak of 20 months, before falling to 14 months in … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the item but states HMRC will report back on it once its assessment of powers and sanctions is completed by Autumn 2026, deferring any specific action until then.
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HM Treasury
22 Conclusion 40th Report - Collecting the right tax … Deferred

Lengthy complex investigations for wealthy individuals pose a potential flight risk.

We asked HMRC about the risk of people under investigation leaving the country, given that some investigations take so long to complete. HMRC conceded that taking too long to complete its complex investigations could present a flight risk but said that its agreements with international partners would mean it could … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees and will report back on the recommendation by Autumn 2026, pending completion of HMRC's assessment of its application of powers and sanctions.
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HM Treasury
26 Conclusion 40th Report - Collecting the right tax … Deferred

HMRC published new estimates for wealthy and offshore tax gaps, totalling £300 million.

HMRC is one of few tax administrations that publishes an annual estimate of the amount of tax revenue lost to wealthy individuals. It estimated this wealthy tax gap to be £1.9 billion in 2022–23, or 0.2% of all taxes owed. It uses its estimates as an indicator of its long-term … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the item and states HMRC is scoping work to better understand the contribution of wealthy individuals to the tax gap, reviewing current estimates, and will provide an update on progress by Autumn 2026.
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HM Treasury
27 Conclusion 40th Report - Collecting the right tax … Deferred

HMRC's offshore tax gap estimate is partial, understating significant non-compliance risks.

We asked HMRC about its confidence in the accuracy of these estimates, observing specifically that the offshore tax gap seems low given that UK taxpayers held £849 billion in foreign accounts in 2019 and reportedly £570 billion in tax havens. HMRC told us that the wealthy and offshore tax gaps … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the item and states HMRC is scoping work to better understand the contribution of wealthy individuals to the tax gap, reviewing current estimates, and will provide an update on progress by Autumn 2026.
Read full response →
HM Treasury

Oral evidence sessions

1 session
Date Witnesses
12 Jun 2025 Angela MacDonald · HMRC, John-Paul Marks · HMRC, Jonathan Athow · HMRC, Penny Ciniewicz · HMRC, Philippa Madelin · HMRC View ↗

Who gave evidence

5 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Angela MacDonald · Deputy Chief Executive and Second Permanent Secre… HMRC 1
John-Paul Marks · First Permanent Secretary HMRC 1
Jonathan Athow · Director General for Customer Strategy and Tax De… HMRC 1
Penny Ciniewicz · Director General for Customer Compliance Group HMRC 1
Philippa Madelin · Director for Wealthy and Mid-Sized Business Compl… HMRC 1

Correspondence

3 letters
DateDirectionTitle
16 Oct 2025 To cttee Letter from the Chief Executive and First Permanent Secretary of HM Revenue & C…
7 Jul 2025 To cttee Letter from the Chief Executive and First Permanent Secretary of HM Revenue and…
12 Jun 2025 To cttee Letter from the Chief Executive and First Permanent Secretary of HM Revenue and…