Select Committee · Public Accounts Committee

Academies Sector Annual Report and Accounts 2019-20

Status: Closed Opened: 8 Dec 2021 Closed: 27 May 2022 2 recommendations 31 conclusions 1 report

Follow a series of work on schools funding and financial sustainability and on the end of the PFI contracts that were involved in the development of many Academies the Committee will question senior officials at the Department for Education and Education and Skills Funding Agency on financial transparency and accountability in the Academies sector. If …

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector Annual Report and A… HC 994 25 Mar 2022 33 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

33 items
2 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department does not fully understand the causes of variability within the financial performance of...

The Department does not fully understand the causes of variability within the financial performance of academy schools, and consequently may not know how to best protect the education for pupils taught in financially struggling academies. There can be a disconnect between data on the overall financial health of schools and …

Government response. 2: PAC conclusion: The Department does not fully understand the causes of variability within the financial performance of academy schools, and consequently may not know how to best protect the education for pupils taught in financially struggling academies. 2: PAC …
HM Treasury
3 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department still does not understand well enough the conditions of the school estate, meaning...

The Department still does not understand well enough the conditions of the school estate, meaning it does not know whether pupils have access to the learning facilities they need. Some academy trusts are building large reserves, and these may be invested in capital projects. However, as we have previously reported, …

Government response. 3.1 The government disagrees with the Committee’s recommendation. 3.2 The department has noted the Committee’s recommendation. The department recently piloted central delivery of Net Capacity Assessments (NCA), which assess the teaching space (size, type and use of rooms) in individual …
HM Treasury
4 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

We continue to be concerned about the Department’s understanding of asbestos within the school estate.

We continue to be concerned about the Department’s understanding of asbestos within the school estate. Asbestos is a significant, and potentially dangerous, problem in many schools. We have previously found that the Department did not have a complete picture of asbestos in school buildings, or enough information to ensure that …

Government response. 5. PAC conclusion: Waiting times for elective and cancer treatment are too dependent on where people live and there is no national plan to address this postcode lottery.
HM Treasury
5 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

We are concerned that the Education & Skills Funding Agency’s decision to use public money...

We are concerned that the Education & Skills Funding Agency’s decision to use public money to prop up academy trusts in difficulty fails to address poor financial management within academy trusts. Academy trusts have been set up as charitable companies, with more freedoms and responsibilities than maintained schools, including being …

Government response. 5.1 The government agrees with the Committee’s recommendation. Recommendation implemented 5.2 Local authorities provide a support mechanism for maintained schools in financial difficulty, while the department is responsible for supporting academies in financial difficulty. 5.3 Academy trusts are responsible for …
HM Treasury
6 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

We are concerned that the Department’s approach to monitoring the skills and experience of academy...

We are concerned that the Department’s approach to monitoring the skills and experience of academy leaders, and the lack of remedial action for leaders of failing academies, risks further failures across the sector. The Education & Skills Funding Agency’s monitoring and intervention activities are designed to consider the effectiveness of …

Government response. 6.1 The government agrees with the Committee’s recommendation. Target implementation date: September 2022 6.2 There is already a robust regime in place for prohibiting unsuitable individuals from participating in the management of independent schools, including academies. The government will also …
HM Treasury
1 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

On the basis of the Academy schools sector in England: consolidated annual report and accounts...

On the basis of the Academy schools sector in England: consolidated annual report and accounts 2019/201 (SARA), we took evidence from the Department for Education (the Department) and the Education & Skills Funding Agency (the ESFA).

Government response. Introduction from the Committee The Academy Sector Annual Report and Accounts (SARA) presents the consolidated financial results of academy trusts, of which there were 2,743 open at 31 August 2020. Academy trusts may be formed of one or more academy …
HM Treasury
7 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department and ESFA work closely with Regional Schools Commissioners to oversee and support the...

The Department and ESFA work closely with Regional Schools Commissioners to oversee and support the sector. Regional Schools Commissioners currently operate across eight regions in England.14 The Department stated that it was looking at the split between regional areas and whether these could be better aligned with the regional split …

Government response. 1.5 The department is working with Falcon Education Academies Trust and St Joseph’s Catholic MAT to pilot a new approach for schools that, for various reasons, cannot be placed with a strong MAT sponsor. The White Paper sets out policies …
HM Treasury
8 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

There has been variable take up of academisation across different regions.

There has been variable take up of academisation across different regions. For example, 29% of state-funded schools in Lancashire & West Yorkshire were academies in 2019/20, compared to 56% in South-West England.16 We asked the Department about its understanding of the reasons in these variances. The Department told us that …

HM Treasury
9 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

MATs are not restricted to a geographical region.

MATs are not restricted to a geographical region. For example, the largest MAT, the United Learning Trust, is responsible for 76 academy schools spread across England.19 The Department informed us that there was a weighting towards geography when making decisions on the conversion of maintained schools to academies and that …

HM Treasury
11 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

In our March 2022 report on the financial sustainability of schools in England, we were...

In our March 2022 report on the financial sustainability of schools in England, we were concerned that some academy trusts were building large reserves that meant a significant amount of funding was not being spent on educating pupils currently in schools.23 For example, in 2019/20 there were 227 academy trusts …

HM Treasury
13 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Spending Review 2021 confirmed an additional £4.7 billion of funding for the core schools...

The Spending Review 2021 confirmed an additional £4.7 billion of funding for the core schools budget in England by 2024–25.28 However, this followed real-term reductions in the two years to 2018–19, and a period of virtually unchanged average per-pupil funding in real terms between 2014–15 and 2020–21.29 We received written …

HM Treasury
14 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department told us that it reviewed surpluses on an individual trust basis, particularly those...

The Department told us that it reviewed surpluses on an individual trust basis, particularly those reporting higher levels of reserves, and challenged trusts with reserves that are not designated for a particular educational purpose. We have previously reported that the Department does not have information on whether academy trusts have …

HM Treasury
17 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The number of academy trusts paying at least one individual above £150,000 increased to 473...

The number of academy trusts paying at least one individual above £150,000 increased to 473 trusts (17% of trusts) in 2019/20, from 340 trusts (12%) in 2018/19. Almost two- thirds of trusts (1,772; 64%) in 2019/20 reported paying at least one individual between £100,000 and £150,000, compared with just over …

HM Treasury
19 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department told us that it does not collect data on the suitability of facilities...

The Department told us that it does not collect data on the suitability of facilities in the same way that it does for the condition of the schools estate, and does not systematically collect information on capital projects aimed at improving educational outcomes, such as science labs. It explained that …

HM Treasury
20 Recommendation Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department launched the Asbestos Management Assurance Process (AMAP) in March 2018 to better understand...

The Department launched the Asbestos Management Assurance Process (AMAP) in March 2018 to better understand how well asbestos is managed across all schools.51 When we examined academy schools’ finances in March 2018, we were concerned that the Department did not have enough information about the extent of asbestos in schools …

HM Treasury
21 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department told us that when it first ran the process, 88% of schools responded.

The Department told us that when it first ran the process, 88% of schools responded. It explained that 93% of schools had now responded to the survey, and that it was pursuing the remaining schools and had built asbestos assurance processes into its condition data collection work which should help …

HM Treasury
22 Recommendation Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

Following our 2019 report on academy accounts and performance, the Department has continued to develop...

Following our 2019 report on academy accounts and performance, the Department has continued to develop the sector financial information disclosed within the SARA.58 However, as previously reported, we were also concerned about the level of information available to parents.59 In 2018–19 the Department introduced minimum per-pupil funding levels for all …

HM Treasury
23 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department told us that many trusts actively explain their use of budgets to parents.

The Department told us that many trusts actively explain their use of budgets to parents. We asked the Department whether the current arrangements should be more transparent, so that parents can see what academies are spending per-pupil. The Department told us that its online benchmarking service allowed viewers to identify …

Government response. 2.3 The primary responsibility for the financial management of academy schools rests with their academy trust, with a clear framework set out in academy trusts’ Funding Agreements, the Academy Trust Handbook and Academies Accounts Direction. Academy trusts’ accountability is rigorous, …
HM Treasury
24 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

When we last reported on the academy accounts, back in January 2019, we were reporting...

When we last reported on the academy accounts, back in January 2019, we were reporting on a SARA that carried forward a qualified audit opinion since its inception in 2015/16 due to a limitation of data available to verify the fair recognition and valuation of the £45 billion of land …

Government response. 4.2 The asbestos management survey (AMAP) was a voluntary survey launched in 2018. The vast majority of schools chose to participate in the process. The department followed up several times throughout the process with those who had not responded. It …
HM Treasury
25 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department explained that the resolution of the qualified opinion on the WGA continues to...

The Department explained that the resolution of the qualified opinion on the WGA continues to be discussed between the Department and HM Treasury, albeit has been deprioritised while government focuses on its response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Department told us that it envisaged that it may be particularly challenging …

HM Treasury
26 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

ESFA’s responsibilities include funding education and training for children, young people and adults; providing assurance...

ESFA’s responsibilities include funding education and training for children, young people and adults; providing assurance that public funds are properly spent, achieve value for money for the taxpayer, and deliver the policies and priorities set by the Secretary of State; and intervening if there is a risk of financial failure.69 …

Government response. 2.3 The primary responsibility for the financial management of academy schools rests with their academy trust, with a clear framework set out in academy trusts’ Funding Agreements, the Academy Trust Handbook and Academies Accounts Direction. Academy trusts’ accountability is rigorous, …
HM Treasury
27 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

An academy trust reporting a cumulative deficit must agree a recovery plan with ESFA to...

An academy trust reporting a cumulative deficit must agree a recovery plan with ESFA to put the trust back on a financially sustainable path. Where an academy trust is reporting a cumulative deficit, it may require financial support, as part of that recovery plan. The SARA reported that non-repayable funding …

Government response. 5.3 Academy trusts are responsible for managing their own finances and should have the leadership and management capability to resolve any issues themselves. The Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) works closely with academy trusts and will support and challenge …
HM Treasury
28 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The ESFA may also provide loans to academy trusts for new academies that had converted...

The ESFA may also provide loans to academy trusts for new academies that had converted from maintained schools to settle any local authority deficit, which should be repaid over an agreed period of time. These loans may be impaired and written-off where ESFA judge the trust to be in financial …

Government response. 5.3 Academy trusts are responsible for managing their own finances and should have the leadership and management capability to resolve any issues themselves. The Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) works closely with academy trusts and will support and challenge …
HM Treasury
29 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

Each academy trust as a charitable company is required to produce annually its own audited...

Each academy trust as a charitable company is required to produce annually its own audited accounts.77 External auditors are appointed by the local academy trust in accordance with the Academy Trust Handbook. Auditors are required to provide an opinion on ‘true and fair’ of the accounts in addition to a …

Government response. 2.3 The primary responsibility for the financial management of academy schools rests with their academy trust, with a clear framework set out in academy trusts’ Funding Agreements, the Academy Trust Handbook and Academies Accounts Direction. Academy trusts’ accountability is rigorous, …
HM Treasury
30 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

In 2019/20, 9% of trusts received a modified regularity opinion i.e.

In 2019/20, 9% of trusts received a modified regularity opinion i.e. a regularity exception was identified, compared with 7% in 2018/19. A regularity exception means that the auditor found some element of income or expenditure that may have been outside its permitted use, or where the trust’s own agreed procedures …

Government response. 2.3 The primary responsibility for the financial management of academy schools rests with their academy trust, with a clear framework set out in academy trusts’ Funding Agreements, the Academy Trust Handbook and Academies Accounts Direction. Academy trusts’ accountability is rigorous, …
HM Treasury
31 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Academy Trust Handbook requires relevant trust staff to hold appropriate financial qualifications and experience.81...

The Academy Trust Handbook requires relevant trust staff to hold appropriate financial qualifications and experience.81 However, this requirement does not extend to trustees, including for trustees sitting on audit or finance committees. We therefore asked how the Department and ESFA ensured that academy leaders and trustee had an appropriate level …

Government response. 6.1 The government agrees with the Committee’s recommendation. Target implementation date: September 2022 6.2 There is already a robust regime in place for prohibiting unsuitable individuals from participating in the management of independent schools, including academies. The government will also …
HM Treasury
32 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

The Department told us that it collected information about academy trust governance arrangements.

The Department told us that it collected information about academy trust governance arrangements. However, the Department told us that it is more likely to use the information collected from ESFA’s monitoring and assessments over financial performance and other data collected from trusts as a means for monitoring the composition of …

Government response. 6.1 The government agrees with the Committee’s recommendation. Target implementation date: September 2022 6.2 There is already a robust regime in place for prohibiting unsuitable individuals from participating in the management of independent schools, including academies. The government will also …
HM Treasury
33 Conclusion Forty-Seventh Report - Academies Sector…

We have previously reported on the limited sanctions at the Department’s disposal to sanction trust...

We have previously reported on the limited sanctions at the Department’s disposal to sanction trust leaders who may be responsible for malpractice, including misuse of funds, across the sector. In our 2019 report on academy accounts and performance, we were concerned that the Department did not have an effective regime …

Government response. 6.1 The government agrees with the Committee’s recommendation. Target implementation date: September 2022 6.2 There is already a robust regime in place for prohibiting unsuitable individuals from participating in the management of independent schools, including academies. The government will also …
HM Treasury

Oral evidence sessions

1 session
Date Witnesses
24 Jan 2022 John Edwards · Information Commissioner's Office, Susan Acland-Hood · The Department for Education, Warwick Sharp · Education and Skills Funding Agency View ↗

Correspondence

1 letter
DateDirectionTitle
7 Feb 2022 Correspondence from Susan Acland-Hood, Permanent Secretary, Department for Educ…