Select Committee · Work and Pensions Committee

Defined benefit pension schemes

Status: Closed Opened: 16 Mar 2023 Closed: 5 May 2024 9 recommendations 14 conclusions 1 report

Defined benefit (DB) pension schemes promise to pay pension benefits based on salary and length of service. There are over 5,100 UK private sector DB schemes, with around £1.4 trillion in assets. DB schemes are in decline in the private sector. The number of private sector employees still accruing new DB benefits reduced from 3.5 … Show more

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Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Third Report - Defined benefit pension schemes HC 144 26 Mar 2024 23 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

9 items
2 Recommendation Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Set out future plans to promote retirement income adequacy, especially for open DB schemes.

There is sufficient evidence of improvement in the funding position of DB schemes to justify a new policy approach. However, it is imperative that there is no return to a world of deficits. Policy changes therefore need careful thought so that they grasp the opportunities offered by improved funding levels, … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government highlights existing measures like the State Pension and automatic enrolment for retirement income adequacy. It states that the second phase of the landmark Pensions Review, announced in July 2024, will explore longer-term changes for security in retirement.
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Department for Work and Pensions
3 Conclusion Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Commit to ensuring Parliament receives full material details for informed judgment on legislation.

Plans for the new DB funding regime were forged in a different era when the vast majority of DB schemes were in deficit and amidst concern that employers were seeking to evade their responsibility to underfunded schemes. Despite significant changes since then—improved funding levels and what these mean for future … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government supports the principle of providing Parliament with necessary details for informed decisions and remains committed to positive engagement. It notes the new DB funding code came into effect in September 2024 and will be reviewed within the next five years.
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Department for Work and Pensions
7 Conclusion Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Conduct an assessment of the regulatory framework for safe member benefits before surplus extraction.

We note the further consultation launched in February on options to support DB schemes. Given that the aim of the funding regime is for schemes to be well-funded when they are significantly mature, some will be in surplus. We agree that if running a scheme on is to be an … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states that DWP is actively assessing the regulatory and governance framework and will continue to engage with TPR and stakeholders as it develops policy on surplus flexibilities. On January 28, 2025, it committed to giving trustees and sponsoring employers flexibility to use DB …
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Department for Work and Pensions
12 Conclusion Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Introduce measures to improve sole trustee accountability and member involvement in appointments

The use of sole trustees is increasing. While they can bring knowledge and expertise, there is the potential for conflicts of interest. We are concerned that employers often have a unilateral power to appoint sole trustees in the place of the existing trustee board, including member nominated trustees. DWP should … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledged concerns regarding sole trustees and existing safeguards, committing to consult on what, if any, further action might be needed in the future, rather than introducing specific measures or member involvement now.
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Department for Work and Pensions
14 Recommendation Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Set out plans to ensure every trustee board has at least one accredited member

Member-nominated trustees play a vital role in representing the interests of scheme members and providing a link to the workforce. As part of its planned engagement with stakeholders, DWP should explore ways to support lay trustees with the time and costs needed to become accredited and report the results. It … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government committed to planning a consultation later this year to consider how TPR and DWP could provide additional support for lay trustees, but did not set out plans for ensuring every trustee board has an accredited member or a timetable.
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Department for Work and Pensions
17 Recommendation Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Explain the core aim of a public consolidator for pension schemes

There may be a good case for a public consolidator. However, there are complex issues to address, particularly in relation to who would underwrite the risk, the impact on member benefits and how its introduction would be justified. In response to this report, the Government should explain whether the core … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government stated it is exploring whether a small, focused Government Consolidator could be an option for schemes less attractive to commercial providers, and will respond to a consultation on this in the spring, but did not definitively explain its core aim.
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Department for Work and Pensions
19 Recommendation Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Give the PPF more flexibility in setting its levy rates

The Government should find an early legislative opportunity to give the PPF more flexibility in how it sets the levy, allowing it to reduce it to zero and then increase it again if necessary.

Government response AI summary
The government announced it will consider giving the Board of the PPF greater flexibility to adjust the annual pension protection levy, aiming to reduce costs for levy payers, but did not commit to specific legislative action or a timeline.
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Department for Work and Pensions
20 Conclusion Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Bring forward promised consultation on PPF levy changes and compensation levels for scheme members

We applaud the fact that the PPF is now reasonably confident that it has the funds it needs to meet potential claims on it. This is a significant achievement. There is now an opportunity to consider how the £12 billion in PPF reserves can be used to the benefit of … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government noted the PPF's reduced levy estimate and new rule provision for a zero levy pending legislative changes, and committed to considering and reflecting on feedback regarding compensation levels and pre-97 indexation, but did not commit to bringing forward the requested consultation.
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Department for Work and Pensions
21 Conclusion Third Report - Defined benefit pension … Acknowledged

Legislate to provide indexation on pre-1997 PPF compensation rights and review post-1997 cap

Non-indexation of pre-1997 benefits has had a significant impact on PPF members and disproportionately on older members and women, reducing the value of their compensation in real terms. Given the £12 billion in PPF reserves, the potential impact on levy payers is no justification for continuing this policy. We welcome … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the issues raised by PPF and FAS members regarding pre-1997 indexation, states it is taking advice on options, and will continue to work with the PPF to balance stakeholder interests.
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Department for Work and Pensions

Oral evidence sessions

6 sessions
Date Witnesses
10 Jan 2024 Bim Afolami · HM Treasury, Fiona Frobisher · The Pensions Regulator, Katie Farrington · Department for Work and Pensions, Laura Webster · HM Treasury, Neil Couling · Department for Work and Pensions, Paul Maynard · Department for Work and Pensions, Peter Schofield · Department for Work and Pensions View ↗
29 Nov 2023 Louise Davey · The Pensions Regulator, Nausicaa Delfas · Financial Ombudsmen Service, Neil Bull · The Pensions Regulator View ↗
8 Nov 2023 Barry Kenneth · Pension Protection Fund, Neil Walsh · Prospect, Oliver Morley · Money and Pensions Service, Richard Nicholl · Pensions Action Group, Roger Sainsbury · Deprived Pensioners Association, Sara Protheroe · Pension Protection Fund, Terry Monk · Pensions Action Group View ↗
18 Oct 2023 David Carson · Hewlett Packard Pension Association (HPPA), Harus Rai · Capital Cranfield, Janice Turner · Association of Member Nominated Trustees, Leonard Bowman · Hymans Robertson, Nick Coleman · BP Pensioner Group, Robert Smith · Royal Ordnance Pensioners Association, Steve Hitchiner · Society of Pension Professionals View ↗
6 Sep 2023 Adam Saron, Brian Denyer · Abrdn, Luke Webster · The Pension Superfund, Serkan Bektas · Insight Investment, Simon True · Clara-Pensions Limited, Tracy Blackwell · Pension Insurance Corporation plc, Yvonne Braun · ABI View ↗
21 Jun 2023 Dr Con Keating · Brighton Rock Group, Joe Dabrowski · Pension and Lifetime Savings Association, Leah Evans · Institute and Faculty of Actuaries, Mr Derek Benstead · First Actuarial LLP, Mr John Ralfe, Mr Martin Hunter · Railpen, Professor Iain Clacher · University of Leeds, Sir Steve Webb · Lane, Clark & Peacock View ↗

Who gave evidence

39 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Adam Saron 1
Barry Kenneth · Chief Investment Officer Pension Protection Fund 1
Bim Afolami · Economic Secretary to the Treasury HM Treasury 1
Brian Denyer · Senior Solutions Director – Pensions Abrdn 1
David Carson · Member of Steering Committee Hewlett Packard Pension Association (HPPA) 1
Dr Con Keating Brighton Rock Group 1
Fiona Frobisher · Head of Policy The Pensions Regulator 1
Harus Rai · Managing Director Capital Cranfield 1
Janice Turner · Founding co-chair Association of Member Nominated Trustees 1
Joe Dabrowski · Deputy Director Pension and Lifetime Savings Association 1
Katie Farrington · Director General, Disability, Health and Pensions Department for Work and Pensions 1
Laura Webster · Director of Personal Tax, Welfare and Pensions HM Treasury 1
Leah Evans · Chair of Pensions Board Institute and Faculty of Actuaries 1
Leonard Bowman · Partner and Head of Corporate DB Endgame Strategy Hymans Robertson 1
Louise Davey · Interim Director of Regulatory Policy, Analysis a… The Pensions Regulator 1
Luke Webster · CEO The Pension Superfund 1
Mr Derek Benstead · Senior Consultant First Actuarial LLP 1
Mr John Ralfe 1
Mr Martin Hunter · Head of Integrated Funding Railpen 1
Nausicaa Delfas · Interim Chief Executive and Chief Ombudsman Financial Ombudsmen Service 1
Neil Bull · Head of Investment The Pensions Regulator 1
Neil Couling · Director General Change and Resilience, and Unive… Department for Work and Pensions 1
Neil Walsh · Pensions Officer Prospect 1
Nick Coleman · Member BP Pensioner Group 1
Oliver Morley · Chief Executive Officer Money and Pensions Service 1
Paul Maynard · Minister for Pensions Department for Work and Pensions 1
Peter Schofield · Permanent Secretary Department for Work and Pensions 1
Professor Iain Clacher · Professor of Pensions & Finance and Director, Cen… University of Leeds 1
Richard Nicholl · member of the Executive Committee Pensions Action Group 1
Robert Smith · Member of Council Royal Ordnance Pensioners Association 1
Roger Sainsbury · Founder Deprived Pensioners Association 1
Sara Protheroe · Chief Customer Officer Pension Protection Fund 1
Serkan Bektas · Head of Client Solutions Group Insight Investment 1
Simon True · CEO Clara-Pensions Limited 1
Sir Steve Webb · Partner Lane, Clark & Peacock 1
Steve Hitchiner · President Society of Pension Professionals 1
Terry Monk · Member of the Executive Committee Pensions Action Group 1
Tracy Blackwell · CEO Pension Insurance Corporation plc 1
Yvonne Braun · Director of Policy, Long-Term Savings, Health and… ABI 1

Correspondence

15 letters
DateDirectionTitle
4 Dec 2024 Statement from the Office of National Statistics (ONS), the Pensions Regulator …
13 Mar 2024 Correspondence with The Pensions Regulator relating to the impact on Defined be…
6 Mar 2024 Correspondence with the Minister for Pensions relating to Defined Benefit pensi…
7 Feb 2024 Correspondence from TPR relating to Defined Benefit pension schemes with Liabil…
31 Jan 2024 Correspondence with Economic Secretary to the Treasury relating to Defined bene…
24 Jan 2024 Correspondence with the Economic Secretary to the Treasury relating to Defined …
10 Jan 2024 Correspondence with the Minister for Pensions relating to meeting with the Pens…
10 Jan 2024 Correspondence with the Office for National Statistics relating to Defined bene…
10 Jan 2024 Correspondence with the Minister for Pensions relating to Proposed Scheme Fundi…
13 Dec 2023 Correspondence with the Pension Protection Fund relating to Defined benefit pen…
29 Nov 2023 Correspondence with Pension Protection Fund relating to Defined benefit pension…
8 Nov 2023 Correspondence from Clara-Pensions relating to defined benefit pension schemes
8 Nov 2023 Correspondence with the Pension Protection Fund relating to Pension Protection …
25 Oct 2023 Correspondence with the Pension Protection Fund relating to defined benefit pen…
18 Oct 2023 Correspondence with the Prudential Regulation Authority relating to Defined ben…