Select Committee · Treasury Committee

Quantitative tightening

Status: Closed Opened: 31 Jan 2023 Closed: 1 May 2024 10 recommendations 12 conclusions 1 report

This inquiry will examine quantitative tightening, including its impact on the economy and its fiscal costs. It will also investigate the role of quantitative easing and tightening in the current outbreak of double-digit inflation and in bringing inflation down. Read the call for evidence to find out more about the inquiry

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Fifth Report - Quantitative Tightening HC 219 7 Feb 2024 22 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

6 items
3 Conclusion Fifth Report - Quantitative Tightening Acknowledged

Bank of England lacks established long-term strategy for balance sheet size and composition

One area in which the Bank’s strategy is less well established regards the long-term steady-state size and composition of its balance sheet, which may have a bearing on the longer-term conduct of QT and which, as we note later, may have implications for fiscal as well as monetary and financial …

Government response. The government acknowledges the issues regarding the long-term size and composition of the Bank's balance sheet. They refer to previous communications outlining potential compositions and state that the Treasury is engaging with the Bank on these issues, noting that international …
HM Treasury
8 Recommendation Fifth Report - Quantitative Tightening Acknowledged

Prioritise developing a new backstop facility and transparent contingency for suspending Quantitative Tightening.

The Bank is right to work on a new backstop facility to reduce the chance of having to resort to gilt purchases in future, and given that QT is ongoing, it should work on this as a priority. In the meantime, it should consider whether a fully developed and transparent …

Government response. The government outlines the Bank's and FPC's ongoing work to enhance financial stability through private self-insurance, market infrastructure, and liquidity regulation, and mentions facilities to lend to non-bank institutions, emphasizing that financial stability tools can be used without constraining monetary …
HM Treasury
10 Conclusion Fifth Report - Quantitative Tightening Acknowledged

Current QE/QT arrangements lack value-for-money scrutiny, unsuitable for vast sums of public money.

Notwithstanding the need to ensure that the programmes are compatible with the operational independence of monetary policy, it strikes us as highly anomalous that decisions have been and are being taken about QE and QT concerning huge sums of public money without any regard to the usual value-for-money requirements. This …

Government response. The Bank recognises the committee's concerns regarding value for money and clarity, stating its operations are designed to maximise value for money by minimising cost and risk over the lifetime of the APF, subject to policy objectives.
HM Treasury
14 Conclusion Fifth Report - Quantitative Tightening Acknowledged

Bank officials hold divergent views on the economic impact of later Quantitative Easing rounds.

It is right to say that the overall effectiveness and value-for-money of QE and QT should be judged by their wider macroeconomic impacts on inflation, growth, and employment, rather than on the direct fiscal costs alone. There is agreement among many that certain rounds of QE, especially the initial rounds, …

Government response. The Bank acknowledges the committee's observation on judging QE/QT effectiveness by wider macroeconomic impacts, but emphasizes that ongoing evaluation of monetary policy decisions for value for money would hinder MPC independence, while confirming the framework design remains under review.
HM Treasury
19 Conclusion Fifth Report - Quantitative Tightening Acknowledged

Lack of information on future Bank balance sheet arrangements at steady-state reserves

Some witnesses thought that the remuneration of reserves would need to be reconsidered once reserves had reached their future steady-state level. However, there is a lack of information about future arrangements for the Bank’s balance sheet once the steady-state level of reserves is reached. (Paragraph 82) Quantitative Tightening 37

Government response. The government clarifies the Bank's arrangements for normalising its balance sheet, detailing the role of liquidity facilities as reserves fall. It states that the Bank is continuing to analyse the optimal steady-state level of reserves for monetary and financial stability.
HM Treasury
21 Conclusion Fifth Report - Quantitative Tightening Acknowledged

QE and QT losses create worrying direct links between monetary and fiscal policy

QE and QT losses, the fiscal rules, the regular remittances of profits arising from QE from the Bank to the Treasury and indemnity payments to cover losses from the Treasury to the Bank interact to create direct and immediate links between monetary policy decisions and fiscal policy. The current losses …

Government response. The government acknowledges that monetary policy decisions have fiscal implications but stresses the importance of the Bank of England's operational independence. It explains that the current arrangements, including the MoU and transparent APF cashflows, are designed to manage these interactions, …
HM Treasury

Correspondence

5 letters
DateDirectionTitle
12 Jan 2024 From cttee Letter to Bank of England relating to Cashflows arising from quantitative easin…
12 Jan 2024 From cttee Letter to HM Treasury, Permanent Secretary relating to Cashflows arising from q…
12 Jan 2024 To cttee Letter from Bank of England relating to Cashflows arising from quantitative eas…
12 Jan 2024 To cttee Letter from HM Treasury, Permanent Secretary relating to Cashflows arising from…
21 Mar 2023 Correspondence from the Bank of England relating to the inquiry into Quantitati…