Select Committee · Home Affairs Committee

Spiking

Status: Closed Opened: 9 Dec 2021 Closed: 1 Feb 2024 11 recommendations 11 conclusions 1 report

As part of the Committee’s overarching work into violence against women and girls , the Committee wishes to explore the incidence of spiking at nightclubs and pubs, festivals and private house parties. Read the terms of reference for more detail about this work. As part of this inquiry, the Committee launched a public survey to …

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Ninth Report - Spiking HC 967 26 Apr 2022 22 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

22 items
1 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Accepted

Mandate compulsory safeguarding training for all staff, including vendors, at music festivals.

We recommend that all staff working at music festivals, including vendors, be given compulsory safeguarding training, and this be a requirement that licensing authorities consider when approving events. This might be done along lines similar to training provided in voluntary schemes in other licensed premises, such as Ask Angela or …

Government response. The government rejected mandating compulsory safeguarding training for all festival staff but committed to reviewing the Section 182 guidance of the Licensing Act 2003 to advise licensing committees to consider staff safeguarding training when approving event licences.
Home Office
2 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking Deferred

Outdoor music festivals require higher safeguarding standards for their younger, more vulnerable attendees.

We believe that a more formal and higher standard is required for outdoor music festivals owing to the comparatively younger age of festival-goers and the additional vulnerability that arises from their camping over at such festivals.

Government response. The government's response focused on improving data collection and victim support for spiking incidents, including establishing a new NPCC reporting mechanism, deflecting from the recommendation for a more formal and higher standard of safeguarding at outdoor music festivals.
Home Office
3 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking Deferred

Absence of accurate data on spiking hinders effective policy and intervention development.

No-one knows how prevalent spiking is, whether by drink, drug or needle, and no-one knows what causes perpetrators to do it. Anecdotal evidence suggests the practice is widespread and dangerous, and that many people, particularly young, particularly women, are affected by it and are afraid they will be spiked on …

Government response. The government committed to bringing forward its deadline to 26 October for updating Parliament on whether it intends to introduce a specific criminal offence for spiking, but did not directly commit to gathering more accurate data on the prevalence and …
Home Office
4 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Accepted

Improve reporting mechanisms and data collection on spiking incidents across the UK

We call on the Home Office to increase education and awareness about spiking and welcome its considering whether a specific new offence of spiking is required. We urge the Home Office, however, to focus its efforts first on improving reporting of the crime of spiking and on gathering information about …

Government response. The government committed to increasing education and awareness about spiking by integrating it into the 'Enough' campaign and working with law enforcement and venues to ensure clear messaging for victims regarding forensics and reporting.
Home Office
5 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking Rejected

Home Office progress update required on specific spiking offence creation

The Home Office should give the Committee a written update six months from the date of publication of this Report on progress towards creating a separate criminal offence of spiking.

Government response. The government did not commit to providing the Committee with a six-month written update on the progress towards creating a separate criminal offence for spiking, instead referring to a broader statutory report on spiking to be published in April 2023.
Home Office
6 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking Accepted

Recognised criminal offence of spiking would provide multiple benefits

The existence of a spiking offence would not in and of itself stop spiking, but it would have several benefits. First, it would facilitate police work under way to identify perpetrators and patterns of offending by enabling the police to collect better data on the prevalence of spiking incidents. Secondly, …

Government response. The government committed to reviewing the guidance issued under Section 182 of the Licensing Act 2003 to consider whether to require licensing authorities to address the prevalence, prevention, and reporting of sexual harassment, misconduct, and gender-based violence in their local …
Home Office
7 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking Accepted

Urgent need for improved education and awareness around spiking across sectors

There is an urgent need for improved education and awareness around spiking across several sectors. (Paragraph 47) 40 Spiking

Government response. The government intends to conduct reviews of international activity, academic research, and anti-spiking initiatives, publishing a final report by 28 April 2023 featuring best practice case studies. They will also consider requiring police and local authorities to present an anti-spiking …
Home Office
8 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Acknowledged

Produce national anti-spiking communications campaign engaging night-time, education, and health sectors

As part of its national communications campaign to say “Enough” to violence against women and girls, the Government should engage with the night-time industry, the education sector, and the health sector to produce a national anti-spiking communications campaign. The awareness raising campaign should: (i) send a clear message that there …

Government response. The government agrees with the recommendation and is working with policing stakeholders to promote key messages, while exploring options for further communications and outreach through the education and private sectors.
Home Office
9 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking Deferred

Strong support for increased venue security despite critical staff shortages

There is strong support for increased security measures in night-time venues, but critical shortages in door security staff.

Government response. The government did not address the recommendation about increasing security measures or addressing door staff shortages, instead detailing the existing rapid urine testing service established by law enforcement and Eurofins.
Home Office
10 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Deferred

Consider support package for night-time industry to boost security and staff recruitment

As part of its wider VAWG strategy, the Government should consider a support package for night-time industries to boost security measures including the recruitment and training of additional door security staff, particularly female staff.

Government response. The government did not address the recommendation for a support package for night-time industries to boost security and recruit staff, instead focusing on concerns about the efficacy of non-lab-based spiking test kits and existing forensic testing capabilities.
Home Office
11 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Deferred

Strengthen licensing authority powers and guidance to prevent spiking and gender-based violence

We are concerned that the Government is not doing enough to monitor licensing authorities’ use of powers to regulate the night-time economy, both with specific regard to spiking incidents and more generally in relation to violence against women and girls. (Paragraph 59) Within three months the Government should: (i) collect …

Government response. The government did not address the recommendation to monitor licensing authorities' use of powers or to review section 182 guidance, instead stating it will consider research into the motivations of spiking offenders.
Home Office
12 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking Deferred

Patchwork of anti-spiking initiatives lacks national strategy and consistency

We are pleased to learn there are many initiatives across the country to tackle spiking but are concerned that without a national strategy to ensure a consistent, wholesale approach, the current patchwork of initiatives may make those in parts of the country that have not yet taken action more vulnerable …

Government response. The government did not commit to a national strategy for a consistent approach to anti-spiking initiatives, but instead outlined preliminary discussions with police and legal bodies regarding factors inhibiting prosecutions, with outcomes to be included in a statutory report by …
Home Office
13 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Accepted in Part

Develop national anti-spiking strategy by evaluating initiatives and promoting best practice

The Government should evaluate the efficacy of different anti-spiking partnership initiatives and develop a national strategy which promotes best practice and requires all police forces and local authorities to publish their chosen approach. (Paragraph 66) Spiking 41 Detecting and investigating spiking

Government response. The government intends to review anti-spiking initiatives as part of a statutory review due April 2023, featuring best practice, but currently has no intention to publish a specific national strategy. It will consider requiring police forces and local authorities to …
Home Office
14 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Accepted in Part

Necessity of national communications campaign to raise spiking awareness and reporting

The Home Office, in partnership with key stakeholders, should conduct a national communications campaign to raise awareness of how to act when people suspect they have been spiked. This campaign should emphasise the importance of individuals and venues reporting incidents or concerns to the police. An option to report spiking …

Government response. The government agrees with the recommendation and is working with policing stakeholders to promote key messages through campaigns like 'Enough'. It will explore options for further communications, but does not explicitly commit to anonymous reporting or a new national campaign.
Home Office
15 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking

Inadequate accessibility to testing and forensic capacity for spiking victims

Accessibility to testing is an issue for many victims and the lack of forensic testing capacity creates evidential difficulties for the police.

Government response. As the Committee notes, law enforcement, in partnership with forensic provider Eurofins, established an accredited rapid urine testing service in response to the outbreak of needle spiking in Autumn 2021. This service will be in place throughout 2022, with the …
Home Office
16 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Accepted

Introduce duty on all police forces to provide rapid spiking testing service

To ensure adequate, timely provision of forensic sampling of a standard sufficient to be admissible as evidence in court, the Government should introduce a duty on all police forces to provide those who report any spiking incident with the rapid testing service introduced in response to the outbreak of needle …

Government response. The government states that law enforcement, in partnership with Eurofins, already established a rapid urine testing service in response to needle spiking, which has been open to all spiking samples since January 2022 and will be developed further in 2023.
Home Office
17 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking Acknowledged

Concerns about false assurances from existing spiking testing kits for victims

We are pleased that the Home Office is planning a scientific review of testing kits but are concerned that in the meantime victims could get false assurances from such kits.

Government response. The government recognises the concern about test kits providing false assurances, stating no single kit covers all drugs and urges victims to contact police for forensic analysis, mentioning ongoing evaluations and a statutory review.
Home Office
18 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Not Addressed

Call for Home Office to require warnings and expedite spiking testing review

The Home Office should require commercially available drug-testing products to carry warnings about their limitations; expedite its planned scientific review of the relative merits of the various spiking testing pilots being run by the police, universities and hospitals and report back to the Committee in three months’ time; and provide …

Government response. The government states there is no single effective test kit and urges victims to contact police for forensic analysis. It does not commit to requiring warnings on commercial products, expediting the review to a 3-month deadline, or supporting wider adoption …
Home Office
19 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking

Limited police understanding of spiker motives hinders national anti-spiking strategy development

Limited police understanding of the motives and profile of spiking offenders hampers their ability to develop a national strategy on tackling spiking.

Government response. The Government agrees with the Committee’s assessment that the motivations of spiking offenders remain unclear, particularly around the newly identified incidences of needle spiking, and that the lack of understanding limits our ability to effectively tackle spiking through targeted interventions. …
Home Office
20 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Acknowledged

Commission academic research into spiker motivations for national anti-spiking strategy

The Home Office should commission academic research into the motivations and profile of spikers, to feed into a national strategy for preventing, detecting and prosecuting spiking offences.

Government response. The government agrees that offender motivations are unclear and will consider options for research into motivations, and intends to carry out a review of existing academic research into spiking.
Home Office
21 Conclusion Ninth Report - Spiking

Disappointment over exceptionally low number of successful spiking prosecutions

Successful prosecution has a deterrent value for both actual and would-be spikers and sends a clear message that spiking is a crime. We are therefore disappointed by the very low number of successful prosecutions for spiking offences.

Government response. The Government recognises that there a number of factors which inhibit our ability to successfully target and prosecute individuals who commit spiking offences, not least of all the under-reporting discussed in the response to recommendation 2. We have begun preliminary …
Home Office
22 Recommendation Ninth Report - Spiking Deferred

Need for government strategy to address factors inhibiting spiking prosecutions

To increase the deterrent effect of increased prosecutions, Government should devise a strategy to address each of the factors that inhibit prosecution from lack of reporting through to failure to collect forensic evidence. (Paragraph 103) 42 Spiking

Government response. The government recognises factors inhibiting spiking prosecutions and has begun discussions with police, CPS, and the Attorney General's office, with outcomes to be included in a statutory report by April 2023.
Home Office

Oral evidence sessions

3 sessions
Date Witnesses
26 Jan 2022 Dean Ames · Metropolitan Police Service, Deputy Chief Constable Jason Harwin · National Police Chiefs' Council, Joy Allen View ↗
19 Jan 2022 Councillor Jeanie Bell, Dr Adrian Boyle · Royal College of Emergency Medicine, Jade Quittenton · St John Ambulance, Michael Kill · Night Time Industries Association, Paul Fullwood · Security Industry Authority View ↗
12 Jan 2022 Alexi Skitinis, Dawn Dines · Stamp Out Spiking, Hannah Stratton, Helena Conibear · The Alcohol Education Trust, Julie Spencer · The University of Lincoln, Zara Owen View ↗

Correspondence

6 letters
DateDirectionTitle
1 Feb 2023 To cttee Letter from the Minister for Safeguarding on the Government's work to tackle sp…
11 Jan 2023 To cttee Letter from Minister for Safeguarding on the Government's update to the Home Af…
30 Nov 2022 To cttee Letter from Home Secretary on introducing a criminal offence for spiking, dated…
4 Nov 2022 From cttee Letter to the Home Secretary on introducing a criminal offence for spiking, dat…
7 Sep 2022 To cttee Letter from the Home Secretary on the Government’s response to the Home Affair…
7 Sep 2022 From cttee Letter to the Home Secretary on the Government’s response to the Home Affairs …