Select Committee · Foreign Affairs Committee

The FCDO and the Integrated Review

Status: Closed Opened: 20 Mar 2020 Closed: 13 Jan 2021 7 recommendations 12 conclusions 1 report

When the Government announced the ‘Integrated Review of foreign policy, defence, security and development’ in February 2020, it was described as the largest foreign-policy review since the Cold War: examining the UK’s objectives abroad, and aiming to establish the country as a “problem-solving and burden-sharing nation”. The Review, according to the Government, will consider the … Show more

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The future of the UK’s … HC 380 22 Oct 2020 19 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

19 items
1 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

The Integrated Review is a timely and necessary response to a world characterised by ever-strengthening...

The Integrated Review is a timely and necessary response to a world characterised by ever-strengthening interconnection and rapid technological change.

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the committee's assessment that the Integrated Review is timely and necessary, confirming it will address the pace and nature of technological change.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
2 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

The world is increasingly riven by global competition rather than cooperation.

The world is increasingly riven by global competition rather than cooperation.

Government response AI summary
The government agreed with the committee's observation that geopolitical change and competition are major global trends, and stated its intent to use the Integrated Review to define the UK's role in this context.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
3 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

In part, this global competition is driven by geo–political change.

In part, this global competition is driven by geo–political change. But this global competition is also a battle between competing visions and mindsets. And the global competition is increasingly one between different technical systems.

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the growing complexity within the international system, noting both positive aspects of the multilateral response to COVID-19 and weaknesses that require strengthening of organisations and investment in new, agile partnerships.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
4 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

Such competition has stalled, and to some degree reversed, cooperation through multilateral organisations.

Such competition has stalled, and to some degree reversed, cooperation through multilateral organisations. The drive towards international arbitration is increasingly challenged by great power rivalry and influence projection. The world lacks consensus-building leadership. Global divides are widening, and there is a risk of the world’s challenges becoming more abundant, more … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the committee's observation of increasing geopolitical friction and the contested international order. It reaffirms the UK's commitment to strengthening the international system and outlines its calibrated approach to engaging with nations like Russia and China, balancing cooperation with firmness on issues like …
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
5 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

An increasingly assertive and revisionist China has created geo-political friction with a more introspective United...

An increasingly assertive and revisionist China has created geo-political friction with a more introspective United States. China and Russia, as leading authoritarian and revisionist powers, have also been more adept than their ideological rivals at realising where their capacity for international influence lies and harnessing the full spectrum of such … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the committee's observation of increasing geopolitical friction and acknowledges the contested international order, elaborating on its calibrated approach to Russia and China.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
6 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Accepted

The UK’s own international policy has been adrift.

The UK’s own international policy has been adrift. It has lacked clarity.

Government response AI summary
The government refutes the claim of lacking clarity by outlining its ongoing commitment to upholding international law, democracy, and human rights, citing the Magnitsky sanctions regime and support for international criminal justice.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
7 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Rejected

It has also lacked confidence.

It has also lacked confidence. Our contributors the world over were clear that the UK has recently appeared less ambitious and more absent in its global role

Government response AI summary
The government explicitly disagrees with the committee's observation that the UK has lacked confidence or ambition, asserting its goal to maximise international impact through integrated operations and the FCDO merger.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
8 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

None of our contributors wanted the UK to stand back or keep quiet.

None of our contributors wanted the UK to stand back or keep quiet. All of them urged the UK to step up, do more, and play a more impactful role in the world. They highlighted the positive contribution that the UK could make to international relations, and the negative implications … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the call for the UK to play a more impactful role, stating that the upcoming Integrated Review will define its long-term strategic aims for national security and foreign policy. This review will outline the government's ambition for the UK to be a …
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
9 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

The UK has good reason to be confident in the capabilities of the Foreign, Commonwealth...

The UK has good reason to be confident in the capabilities of the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO), which were praised by contributors from around the world.

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the praise for the FCDO's capabilities, detailing a £65 million increase in non-ODA funding, the ongoing FCDO merger, and its enhanced role in coordinating UK ODA.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
10 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

The UK has a strong capacity to use its memberships and influence to bring countries...

The UK has a strong capacity to use its memberships and influence to bring countries together in dialogue. Contributors also admired the UK as a pragmatic country whose thought leadership, and the legal drafting capabilities of the FCDO’s lawyers, can bring the world together through agreed, stable and predictable frameworks. … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the UK's capacity and influence by outlining its plans for the G7 Presidency, COP26, and leadership in digital trade and ODA-funded research, demonstrating its ongoing work in these areas.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
11 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

But the UK will have the greatest impact abroad if it uses its range of...

But the UK will have the greatest impact abroad if it uses its range of assets and capabilities coherently. It is unlikely that the merger of the Department for A brave new Britain? The future of the UK’s international policy 19 International Development (DFID) and the Foreign & Commonwealth Office … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the need for coherent use of assets and capabilities, describing its commitment through increased defence spending, the establishment of the National Cyber Force, and a strategy to use the full spectrum of sovereign capabilities to address threats.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
12 Recommendation Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

The Integrated Review must address a lack of clear strategic vision, a lack of confidence,...

The Integrated Review must address a lack of clear strategic vision, a lack of confidence, and lack of coherent implementation that has undermined recent international policy by the UK. The Review should respond, and be seen to respond, to the consultation that it has undertaken and the challenge that a … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government is committed to strengthening its position and states the Integrated Review will bring together all relevant instruments and foster a whole-of-government approach, citing the FCDO merger and MOD funding as examples of ongoing efforts.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
13 Recommendation Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Not Addressed

The UK intends to prioritise its promotion of trade, and trade policy has the capacity...

The UK intends to prioritise its promotion of trade, and trade policy has the capacity to become a significant aspect of the UK’s international influence. But, if it is not coordinated with other UK priorities abroad, then the elevation of trade risks introducing further incoherence into the UK’s international policy. … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response discusses its commitment to strong ties with European states and its prioritization of the Indo-Pacific region, detailing initiatives like pursuing ASEAN Dialogue Partnership status and CPTPP accession. However, it entirely fails to address the recommendation for deeper strategic coordination between the Department …
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
14 Recommendation Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Not Addressed

We recommend that, as part of its problem-solving and burden sharing role, the FCDO prioritises...

We recommend that, as part of its problem-solving and burden sharing role, the FCDO prioritises mediation, conflict resolution, and atrocity prevention. And we recommend that the Government equips the FCDO with an enhanced and institutionalised capability to coordinate with the Ministry of Defence in this space, to maximise the coherence … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government response does not address the recommendation to prioritise mediation, conflict resolution, and atrocity prevention, nor to enhance FCDO and Ministry of Defence coordination in this area. Instead, it vaguely references other reforms and discusses the role of UK Trade Commissioners and the Integrated …
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
15 Recommendation Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Deferred

Soft power is key to the UK’s international influence.

Soft power is key to the UK’s international influence. It is about much more than culture: the way it is used by some nations suggests it is the entire capability of the state short of war, for others it is the power of attraction. The Government must not become complacent … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government defers publishing a soft power strategy until the Integrated Review is published, but agrees the FCDO's creation enhances conflict resolution impact and outlines ongoing peacebuilding efforts.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
16 Recommendation Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Accepted

We recommend that the UK convene and catalyse negotiations to reform multinational organisations: seeking to...

We recommend that the UK convene and catalyse negotiations to reform multinational organisations: seeking to maintain their relevance and their benefit for all rather A brave new Britain? The future of the UK’s international policy 21 than a few. Our Committee will examine this subject, and make more detailed recommendations, … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the recommendation and states that it has already been working to convene and catalyse negotiations for the reform of multinational organisations, citing ongoing efforts with the UN, NATO, OECD's Development Assistance Committee, and the Commonwealth.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
17 Recommendation Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Accepted

The UK should use its convening power and thought leadership to bring together nimble networks...

The UK should use its convening power and thought leadership to bring together nimble networks of like-minded nations by agreeing a baseline for cooperation between them. These coalitions would be open, issue-based, fleet-footed, overlapping, and even temporary: a ‘vari-lateral’ system. Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with the recommendation and states it has already been working to convene and catalyse negotiations to reform multinational organisations like the UN, NATO, and the Commonwealth, providing examples of its ongoing efforts.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
18 Conclusion Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Acknowledged

We welcome the Government’s commitment to make global health security and working to counter climate...

We welcome the Government’s commitment to make global health security and working to counter climate change priorities within the UK’s international policy. Our Committee will examine these subject areas through its inquiries into ‘Environmental diplomacy’ and ‘Global health security’. Read more

Government response AI summary
The government agrees with an agile approach to international partnerships and provides an example of UK leadership in global cooperation by co-hosting the Global Partnership for Education replenishment.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
19 Recommendation Fourth Report: A brave new Britain? The… Not Addressed

We recommend that: i) The UK use its convening power and thought leadership to seek...

We recommend that: i) The UK use its convening power and thought leadership to seek agreement for regulations relating to frontier sectors such as emerging technologies, the cyber and space domains: mitigating threats by agreeing standards and allowing states instead to access opportunities for exchange, innovation, and mutual benefit. ii) … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government response explicitly states agreement but then discusses climate change and global health security, failing to address the recommendation regarding the UK's role in regulating frontier technologies, cyber, space domains, or establishing diplomatic missions to tech companies.
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Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Oral evidence sessions

4 sessions
Date Witnesses
22 Sep 2020 Ambassador-at-Large Prof. Chan Heng Chee, Koji Tsuruoka View ↗
21 Jul 2020 Juan Manuel Santos, Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein View ↗
18 Jun 2020 Ellen Johnson Sirleaf View ↗
19 May 2020 Rt Hon Lord Hague of Richmond · Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Samantha Power · United Nations View ↗

Who gave evidence

7 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Ambassador-at-Large Prof. Chan Heng Chee 1
Ellen Johnson Sirleaf 1
Juan Manuel Santos 1
Koji Tsuruoka 1
Rt Hon Lord Hague of Richmond · former UK Foreign Secretary (2010-14) Foreign and Commonwealth Office 1
Samantha Power · former US Ambassador to the United Nations (2013-… United Nations 1
Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein 1

Correspondence

1 letter
DateDirectionTitle
14 Jul 2020 Joint Correspondence to the Prime Minister, concerning the Integrated Security,…

Meetings & visits

1 item
DateTypeDetail
9 Jun 2020 Formal meeting The FCO and the Integrated Review · Virtual meeting