Source · Select Committees · Health and Social Care Committee

Sixth Report - Coronavirus: lessons learned to date

Health and Social Care Committee HC 92 Published 12 October 2021
Report Status
Government responded
Conclusions & Recommendations
200 items (44 recs)
Government Response
AI assessment · 155 of 200 classified
Accepted 37
Accepted in Part 21
Acknowledged 23
Deferred 1
Not Addressed 61
Rejected 12
Government response
Government’s Response to the Health and Social Care Committee and Science and Technology Committee Joint Report: Coronavirus: Lessons Learned to Date · published 30 Jun 2022
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Recommendations & Conclusions

37 items
62 Conclusion Accepted

Protocols to share data between public bodies involved in the response were too slow to...

Conclusion
Protocols to share data between public bodies involved in the response were too slow to establish and to become functional. This was especially true in the data flows from national to local government.
Government Response Summary
The government proposes that arrangements should be established and tested to allow immediate data flows between relevant bodies during an emergency, including a mechanism for dispute resolution.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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68 Recommendation Accepted

Arrangements should be established and tested to allow immediate flows of data between bodies relevant...

Recommendation
Arrangements should be established and tested to allow immediate flows of data between bodies relevant to an emergency response with a mechanism to resolve immediately and decisively any disputes.
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating UKHSA will work with partners to improve data sharing agreements, ensuring GDPR compliance and data security.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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70 Recommendation Accepted

The Government and the NHS should consider establishing a volunteer reserve database so that volunteers...

Recommendation
The Government and the NHS should consider establishing a volunteer reserve database so that volunteers who have had appropriate checks can be rapidly called up and deployed in an emergency rather than needing to begin from scratch.
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation and is exploring options for establishing a volunteer reserve database for rapid deployment in future emergencies. NHS England is collaborating with the Royal Voluntary Service and St John Ambulance to develop rapid volunteer deployment methods.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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71 Recommendation Accepted

The experience of the demands placed on the NHS during the covid-19 pandemic should lead...

Recommendation
The experience of the demands placed on the NHS during the covid-19 pandemic should lead to a more explicit, and monitored, surge capacity being part of the long term organisation and funding of the NHS.
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating that NHS England is developing proposals for explicit, monitored surge capacity plans within the NHS, considering staff, beds, and equipment, which will be incorporated into routine planning and funding.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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72 Recommendation Accepted

The NHS should develop and publish new protocols for infection prevention and control in pandemics...

Recommendation
The NHS should develop and publish new protocols for infection prevention and control in pandemics covering staffing, bed capacity and physical infrastructure. In developing these protocols the NHS should consider the importance of maintaining access for people accompanying some patients … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating NHS England is committed to developing and publishing new protocols for infection prevention and control, and will consider maintaining access for patient companions.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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73 Recommendation Accepted

Comprehensive analysis should be carried out to assess the safety of running the NHS with...

Recommendation
Comprehensive analysis should be carried out to assess the safety of running the NHS with the limited latent capacity that it currently has, particularly in Intensive Care Units, critical care units and high dependency units.
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation and confirms NHS England is undertaking comprehensive analysis to assess the safety of the NHS's limited latent capacity, which will inform future surge capacity plans.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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74 Recommendation Accepted

Building on the experience of staff working more flexibly during the pandemic and to enable...

Recommendation
Building on the experience of staff working more flexibly during the pandemic and to enable more flexible staffing in the NHS, NHS England and Health Education England should develop proposals to better enable NHS staff to change clinical specialty mid-career … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating NHS England and Health Education England are collaborating to develop proposals for enabling NHS staff to change clinical specialty mid-career and train in sub-specialties.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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108 Conclusion Accepted

Another potential reason for the late lockdown was the behavioural advice that was being tendered...

Conclusion
Another potential reason for the late lockdown was the behavioural advice that was being tendered to the Government. Behavioural advice is tendered to the Government through SAGE’s sub-group, the Scientific Pandemic Insights Group on Behaviours (SPI- B).168 SPI-B’s first publicly … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government commits to a future policy development approach characterized by greater questioning and challenge of scientific advice. Ministers will be more robust in challenging advice, and the government and SAGE will facilitate strong external and structured challenge, including from international experts and a wider range of disciplines.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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109 Conclusion Accepted

The initial action plan did not consider the possibility of ceasing all non-essential contact.

Conclusion
The initial action plan did not consider the possibility of ceasing all non-essential contact. Dominic Cummings told us that the idea of behavioural fatigue was a part of “false groupthink”: One of the critical things that was completely wrong in … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government committed to ensuring future policy development is characterised by greater questioning and challenge, with Ministers taking a robust approach to advice and the government/SAGE facilitating strong external challenge from diverse disciplines and international experts.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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111 Conclusion Accepted

The restrictions eventually imposed on the UK public because of the pandemic were unprecedented.

Conclusion
The restrictions eventually imposed on the UK public because of the pandemic were unprecedented. Even in wartime there had been no equivalent of the order to make it a criminal offence for people to meet each other and to remain … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government commits to a future policy development approach characterized by greater questioning and challenge of scientific advice. Ministers will be more robust in challenging advice, and the government and SAGE will facilitate strong external and structured challenge, including from international experts and a wider range of disciplines.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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112 Conclusion Accepted

We have referred to early evidence from Dr Richard Horton, the Editor of the Lancet,...

Conclusion
We have referred to early evidence from Dr Richard Horton, the Editor of the Lancet, who was concerned that SAGE in its early months was taking insufficient account of international perspectives. At the time he gave his evidence, Dr Horton, … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government commits to ensuring that, in future, policy development includes a more robust approach to challenging scientific advice. This includes facilitating strong external and structured challenge from international experts and a wider range of disciplines, directly addressing the concern about insufficient international perspectives.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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113 Conclusion Accepted

It is a characteristic of the best UK scientific institutions, and the people that work...

Conclusion
It is a characteristic of the best UK scientific institutions, and the people that work in them, that much of their research involves extensive international collaboration. However, for a virus that has affected every country in the world and which … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government commits to adopting an approach of greater questioning and challenge in policy development, with Ministers taking a more robust approach to scientific advice, and SAGE facilitating strong external and international expert challenge.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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115 Conclusion Accepted

Although introduced several weeks after it should have been, the national lockdown brought in on...

Conclusion
Although introduced several weeks after it should have been, the national lockdown brought in on 23 March succeeded in reducing the incidence of covid across the country, so that from May 2020 national restrictions were eased. However, tougher restrictions were … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the committee's observation, acknowledging that it should have acted faster to introduce measures like social distancing, mask-wearing, and an earlier lockdown in the pandemic's early stages. It commits to learning lessons for future public health emergencies, as reflected in the 'Living with COVID-19' strategy.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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139 Recommendation Accepted

Several public health experts stressed to us that an effective messaging and communications strategy was...

Recommendation
Several public health experts stressed to us that an effective messaging and communications strategy was a crucial part of the response to a pandemic. In July 2020, Sir Paul Nurse argued in evidence to the Health and Social Care Committee … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, committing UKHSA to continue building on lessons learned in health communications. This includes ensuring messaging is clear, consistent, accessible, working with trusted messengers, investing in research, and collaborating with local partners to ensure cultural sensitivity and accessible formats.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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140 Conclusion Accepted

At the outset of the pandemic, the Prime Minister’s “stay at home” order was accompanied...

Conclusion
At the outset of the pandemic, the Prime Minister’s “stay at home” order was accompanied by a public messaging campaign that clearly instructed the public to “stay home, protect the NHS, save lives”. This message was driven by regular televised … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the (implied) recommendation, committing to ensure future health communications from UKHSA are clear, consistent, and accessible, working with trusted messengers and local partners, and investing in research to understand public compliance.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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141 Conclusion Accepted

Much of the evidence to our inquiry has acknowledged that this “Stay at Home” slogan...

Conclusion
Much of the evidence to our inquiry has acknowledged that this “Stay at Home” slogan was successful in fostering sufficient levels of awareness and understanding among the public. For example, during this period there was a marked fall in the … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the principle of effective communication, committing to UKHSA ensuring clear, consistent, accessible messaging, working with trusted messengers, investing in research on public motivation, and partnering with local authorities to deliver culturally sensitive and accessible information in various formats.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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142 Conclusion Accepted

Evidence from University College London (UCL) showed that during the first lockdown, the simplicity and...

Conclusion
Evidence from University College London (UCL) showed that during the first lockdown, the simplicity and clarity of public health messaging did indeed translate into high levels of compliance with the stay at home order. According to UCL, during this period … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government commits to UKHSA building on lessons learned to ensure clear, consistent, and accessible messaging, working with trusted messengers and local authorities, and investing in research to understand public compliance.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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143 Conclusion Accepted

Although the communications strategy in the initial phase of the pandemic was broadly successful, it...

Conclusion
Although the communications strategy in the initial phase of the pandemic was broadly successful, it is worth noting that there was some confusion over who the stay at home order applied to, and there was criticism of the Government’s decision … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, recognizing the importance of accessible communication, including British Sign Language, and commits to continuing to work with stakeholders to ensure all messaging is accessible.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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144 Conclusion Accepted

On 10 May 2020, the Government announced that society would begin to reopen in England...

Conclusion
On 10 May 2020, the Government announced that society would begin to reopen in England through a staged series of lockdown easing measures.226 From this point, there were divergent approaches to messaging across the four nations of the UK. To … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government commits to UKHSA building on lessons learned to ensure clear, consistent, and accessible messaging, working with trusted messengers and local authorities, and investing in research to understand public compliance.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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167 Conclusion Accepted

SAGE minutes from 28 January 2020 recorded that notwithstanding the scientific lead in establishing a...

Conclusion
SAGE minutes from 28 January 2020 recorded that notwithstanding the scientific lead in establishing a test, PHE only had operational capacity to administer “400 to 500 tests per day” for the whole country.248 Other countries such as South Korea and … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government committed to building on the pandemic's legacy by ensuring a resilient and scalable test, trace, and isolate infrastructure is in place, and by working closely with local authorities to support future contact tracing and public health emergency responses.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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180 Conclusion Accepted

The lack of available testing for social care was particularly damaging, as we discuss in...

Conclusion
The lack of available testing for social care was particularly damaging, as we discuss in more detail later in this Report. Crucially, it was not until mid-April that covid-19 testing was made a requirement for people discharged from hospital to … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government recognises the impact on the social care sector and points to the existing 'Build Back Better' plan from September 2021, which outlines reforms, funding models, and closer working between health and social care.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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10 Recommendation Accepted
Para 67

The resourcing and capabilities of the Civil Contingencies Secretariat should be improved.

Recommendation
The resourcing and capabilities of the Civil Contingencies Secretariat should be improved. The Civil Contingencies Secretariat should be empowered to ‘stress test’ plans and to ensure that Departments are able to carry out a contingency plan if required. The details … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating the CCS will continue developing capabilities, building relationships, challenging assumptions, and testing plans as part of a new cross-government Resilience Strategy, with updates provided through Cabinet Office reports.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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11 Recommendation Accepted
Para 68

Arrangements should be established and tested to allow immediate flows of data between bodies relevant...

Recommendation
Arrangements should be established and tested to allow immediate flows of data between bodies relevant to an emergency response with a mechanism to resolve immediately and decisively any disputes.
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, committing to continuously improve data sharing arrangements for future emergencies by reviewing and developing new agreements, investing in data infrastructure, and strengthening data governance.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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15 Recommendation Accepted
Para 72

The NHS should develop and publish new protocols for infection prevention and control in pandemics...

Recommendation
The NHS should develop and publish new protocols for infection prevention and control in pandemics covering staffing, bed capacity and physical infrastructure. In developing these protocols the NHS should consider the importance of maintaining access for people accompanying some patients … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating the NHS is committed to developing new infection prevention and control protocols for pandemics and highlighting existing guidance that emphasizes maintaining access for advocates and birthing partners.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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25 Recommendation Accepted
Para 159

In future an approach of greater questioning and challenge should characterise the development of policy.

Recommendation
In future an approach of greater questioning and challenge should characterise the development of policy. Ministers should have the confidence to follow a scientific approach themselves—being prepared to take a more robust approach to questioning and challenging the advice given. … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government fully accepted the recommendation, reiterating its commitment that future policy development will be characterized by greater questioning and challenge, with ministers taking a more robust approach and SAGE facilitating external and structured scientific challenge.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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28 Recommendation Accepted

The Government, via the World Health Organisation, should make the case for an international standard...

Recommendation
The Government, via the World Health Organisation, should make the case for an international standard of reporting covid-19 deaths and a framework for reporting disease related deaths for future pandemics. (Paragraph 162) Testing and contact tracing
Government Response Summary
The government accepted the recommendation to advocate for international standards of death reporting via the WHO, noting that the UK already champions mortality surveillance and actively contributes to the development of WHO's International Classification of Diseases standards.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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38 Recommendation Accepted
Para 241

Scientific excellence is not enough in test and trace programmes: the UK must develop greater...

Recommendation
Scientific excellence is not enough in test and trace programmes: the UK must develop greater operational competence in deployment. In particular, the Government must ensure that both the new UK Health Security Agency and local authorities have the capability and … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation, committing to building a resilient and scalable infrastructure for future public health threats. This includes working closely with local authorities to ensure their capability for future contact tracing and maintaining strong relationships between UKHSA and local tracing arrangements.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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39 Recommendation Accepted
Para 242

Public Health England and its successor bodies, as well as Ministers and their scientific advisers,...

Recommendation
Public Health England and its successor bodies, as well as Ministers and their scientific advisers, should be more willing to study and emulate the practice of other countries with urgency and agility, especially during a crisis. A culture must be … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the recommendation but states that PHE and its successor, UKHSA, have always strived to learn from and collaborate with other countries and organisations. UKHSA will continue to share and learn best practices globally and maintain strong international relationships.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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43 Conclusion Accepted
Para 288

The covid-19 pandemic has put massive strain on a social care sector already under huge...

Conclusion
The covid-19 pandemic has put massive strain on a social care sector already under huge pressure, which has a particular focus on caring for elderly people who have been at the greatest risk of death from covid.
Government Response Summary
The government acknowledged the conclusion and stated it has responded to the strain on the social care sector by outlining the 'Build Back Better' plan, which includes reform, funding proposals, and closer integration with health services.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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46 Conclusion Accepted

Staff shortages, the lack of testing, difficulties in obtaining PPE and the design of care...

Conclusion
Staff shortages, the lack of testing, difficulties in obtaining PPE and the design of care settings to enable communal living hampered isolation and infection control and the ability to keep covid at bay. Social care staff in care homes and … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government acknowledged the impact on the social care sector and highlighted its 'Build Back Better' plan for health and social care, announced in September 2021, which includes a programme of reform, funding proposals, and collaboration with devolved governments.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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47 Recommendation Accepted
Para 292

Many of these pressures on the social care sector—such as funding and workforce— are longstanding...

Recommendation
Many of these pressures on the social care sector—such as funding and workforce— are longstanding and must be resolved urgently. Pressures on the social care workforce are likely to be compounded this autumn by the mandate that people working in … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government acknowledges pressures on the social care sector and references the existing ‘Build Back Better’ plan from September 2021, which includes a reform programme, proposals for a sustainable funding model, and efforts to integrate health and social care.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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48 Recommendation Accepted
Para 293

Planning for future pandemics should have a more developed and explicit consideration of the intense...

Recommendation
Planning for future pandemics should have a more developed and explicit consideration of the intense interaction between the NHS and social care. The prominence of social care within the Department of Health and Social Care should be enhanced and Ministers … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government explicitly accepts the recommendation to enhance social care's prominence, address knowledge gaps, ensure informed policy, and retain Social Care Taskforce expertise for future pandemic planning.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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49 Recommendation Accepted
Para 294

Long term reform of social care is overdue and should be pursued as a matter...

Recommendation
Long term reform of social care is overdue and should be pursued as a matter of urgency. The Government’s recent announcement on the future of social care is welcome, but the long-term future of the sector remains unresolved. We endorse … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government explicitly accepted the recommendation to pursue long-term social care reform urgently and create a 10-Year Plan for Social Care, ensuring parity with the health sector.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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50 Recommendation Accepted
Para 295

We endorse the Health and Social Care Committee’s call for additional resources to be directed...

Recommendation
We endorse the Health and Social Care Committee’s call for additional resources to be directed to social care. That Committee has made the case for an increase of £7 billion a year by 2023/4. We note that despite the Government’s … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government explicitly accepts the recommendation to direct additional resources to social care, endorsing the Health and Social Care Committee's call for increased funding.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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51 Recommendation Accepted

The Government should review the provision of infection prevention and control measures, including infection prevention...

Recommendation
The Government should review the provision of infection prevention and control measures, including infection prevention and control nurses, to social care and ensure that social care providers, particularly care homes, are able to conduct regular pandemic preparedness drills. The Government … Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepted the recommendation to review infection prevention and control measures in social care, ensure preparedness drills, and guarantee isolation facilities and safe visiting in care homes.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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52 Conclusion Accepted
Para 330

The impact of covid-19 has been uneven across the population, with some sections of society...

Conclusion
The impact of covid-19 has been uneven across the population, with some sections of society suffering significantly higher illness and deaths than the nation as a whole.
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the committee's observation that the impact of COVID-19 was uneven across the population, leading to higher illness and deaths in some sections of society.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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56 Conclusion Accepted
Para 334

Although there was never national NHS guidance to apply “Do not attempt CPR” (DNACPR) notices...

Conclusion
Although there was never national NHS guidance to apply “Do not attempt CPR” (DNACPR) notices to people with learning disabilities, there have been widespread concerns that there were cases in which they have been issued inappropriately during the pandemic. Read more
Government Response Summary
The government accepts the importance of the concern regarding inappropriate DNACPR notices and details a range of existing and past measures implemented during the pandemic, including GP reviews of DNACPRs, guidance from NHS England, and the commissioning of an acute care toolkit published in April 2022, to protect people with learning disabilities and autistic people.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology Department of Health and Social Care
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