Source · IMB Annual Report

High Down

Year: 2023 Published: 11 Jul 2024 Type: Prison · Cat C Population: 1,148 Recommendations: 12 Key concerns Positive findings

HMP High Down, a Category C training and resettlement prison, experienced significant increases in assaults and illicit item finds during 2023, raising serious safety concerns. Staffing shortages in key work and the Offender Management Unit severely impacted regime delivery and prisoner progression. While improvements were noted in mental health transfer times and family contact, persistent issues with property loss, poor shower conditions, and limited purposeful activity for prisoners, particularly vulnerable ones, remained key challenges.

Safety statistics

Incidents during reporting year
IndicatorThis yearPrevious
Deaths in custody4
Self-harm incidents6511,151
ACCT cases opened542456
Prisoner assaults247157
Assaults on staff9885
Use of force687525
Drug finds1,641195

Positive findings

The Board noted several positive developments including a reduction in healthcare concerns and improvements in mental health transfer times. There were also positive changes in family contact provision, such as coffee mornings for prisoners with no social visits. The prison's central kitchen was well-run, and efforts to reduce self-harm and address discrimination in incentives schemes were commended. The Board welcomed the planned PIPE unit and the employment of a neurodiversity support manager.

Key concerns

12 items
Safety There was a significant increase in assaults - prisoner-on-prisoner and prisoner-on-staff - and a less significant increase in self-harm.
Substance Misuse There was a huge increase in finds of illicit items, especially drugs and mobile phones. It is impossible to know how much was not found, but ingress of illicit items is a major concern.
Segregation Repeated Prisoners are still being held in CSRU, despite failing the medical algorithm to say that they are fit for segregation conditions. There was an increase in the number of prisoners held in CSRU for over 42 days and in the use of special accommodation.
Staffing Repeated There was a lack of key work and too few key workers, with key work being the first activity cancelled due to staff shortages.
Other Repeated Property remained a significant issue, particularly property being lost during transfer between prisons.
Estate/Conditions The old showers have still not been refurbished and the condition of the newly refurbished showers is deteriorating due to a lack of ventilation.
Estate/Conditions Repeated Accessibility for prisoners with mobility issues is a concern, particularly as houseblock lifts remain out of order, impacting access to healthcare and exercise.
Staffing The lack of prison probation workers in the Offender Management Unit (OMU) resulted in enormous workloads for those in post, hindering prisoner progression.
Education/Purposeful Activity The Board remains concerned about the poor attendance rates for education classes.
Regime/Time Out of Cell Repeated There are not enough education and employment places for each prisoner, with very few opportunities for vulnerable prisoners (VPs).
Overcrowding Due to overcrowding in the prison estate, prisoners are being transferred into Category C conditions before they are able to comply with the regime, threatening prison stability and increasing violence.
Food/Catering The houseblock servery areas are generally not clean, and the lack of portion control leads to wide disparities in how much prisoners get to eat.

Recommendations

12 items · 5 repeated
#RecommendationAddresseeStatus
1 Prisoners are still being held in CSRU, despite failing the medical algorithm to say that they are fit for segregation conditions. What does the Minister intend to do about this ongoing problem? Repeated
Response
I understand the Board’s concerns for those prisoners held in segregated conditions who require transfer to a more appropriate setting. It is acknowledged that the Care, Separation and Reintegration Unit (CSRU) at HMP High Down is not the best place for prisoners with serious or ongoing mental health issues, however comprehensive support plans are in place for each prisoner. The CSRU benefits from the mental health team carrying out daily rounds, a consultant psychologist attending on a weekly basis, as well as dual trained adult and mental health nurses carrying out weekly reviews. The number of prisoners at HMP High Down that do not pass the initial segregation algorithm assessment is low and wherever possible the prison tries to reintegrate the prisoner back on to a Houseblock or into a more suitable environment. A healthcare transfer protocol has been developed by the London Prison Group, to be used when a transfer is required from a Category C prison to a Category B prison on healthcare grounds. To also support timely transfers to secure hospitals, the funding of a transfer coordinator is continuing, alongside weekly transfer calls and muti-disciplinary escalation meetings, which include NHS Commissioners, hospital providers and Healthcare providers. The rollout of a clinical template for mental health transfers from the adult secure estate is also allowing NHS England to gather further data to improve the mental health pathways across the South East.
Other In progress
2 Due to overcrowding in the prison estate, prisoners are being transferred into category C conditions before they are able to comply with the regime. This threatens the stability of the prison and leads to an increase in violence. It also puts enormous pressure on the CSRU. What steps does the Minister intend to take to prevent this from happening?
Response
Regarding your concerns about the suitability of some prisoners to comply with Category C prison regimes, effective security categorisation is fundamental to risk management and ensuring good order is maintained. The security categorisation process provides for a holistic assessment of risk, taking account of a broad range of information including from criminal justice and law enforcement agencies where available. It supports the categorisation of individuals to the lowest security conditions necessary to manage their risk and regular reviews take place to ensure that individuals continue to be assigned to the security category most appropriate to manage their risk throughout their time in custody. The Board can also be assured that a core principle of the categorisation process is that an individual’s security category must not be adjusted to achieve a better match with available spaces within the estate and that an individual will not be allocated to a prison of a lower security category than the security category assigned to them. Where a prisoners risk has changed, HMP High Down will complete recategorisation reviews and prisoners are transferred back to the Category B estate as soon as possible.
Other In progress
3 The lack of prison probation workers in OMU resulted in enormous workloads for remaining probation staff. Recruitment directives, prioritising community probation workers, makes recruitment more difficult. What does the Minister intend to do about the probation staffing issues within prisons?
Response
Turning to your concerns about probation staffing workloads, it is recognised that HMP High Down has a shortfall in Probation Prison Offender Managers (POM). Recruitment and retention remains a priority across the Probation Service and £155 million a year in extra funding has been provided to deliver more robust supervision, recruit thousands more staff and reduce caseloads to keep the public safer. Focused efforts on enhanced, centralised recruitment support in priority regions, including London are beginning to evidence results with staffing levels in London increasing by 6.6% over 12 months ending 30 June 2024. Staff moves under the Civil Service Detached Duty scheme have also been supported, for staff willing to move to London and other most in need areas to aid immediate short-term staffing challenges. Locally the prison continues to work creatively with probation colleagues to deploy support using the Offender Management in Custody Workload Case Management Strategy. Whilst Prison POMs are not permitted to hold responsibility for Probation POM cases, they can undertake agreed activity in the strategy. In addition, the national Offender Assessment System (OASys) Taskforce has been supporting the prison since June 2023 to complete OASys assessments and this provision has helped ease some of the issues.
Other In progress
4 Despite the implementation of the Prisoners’ Property Policy Framework, loss of property, particularly during transfer between prisons, continues to be a problem. What can the Prison Service do to tackle this issue? Repeated
Response
The emphasis must remain on prisoners complying with volumetric control limits, since any property within these limits will be transferred with them, including items which are exempt such as legal papers. The digitally recorded Person Escort Record includes a property section to accurately record the number and type of sealed property owned by and transferred with the prisoner and this has assisted with the few investigations for property that is lost in transit with Prisoner Escort and Custody Services (PECS) suppliers. It is simply not possible to transfer with a prisoner all the excess property which they might have accrued above volumetric limits. Where the limit of items allowed in possession has been reached then responsibility for transfer of any remaining items remains with the sending prison and there has been a requirement since the introduction of the Prisoners’ Property Policy Framework for prisons to transfer any excess items within four weeks. Previously, there was no time limit in place. HMPPS is aware of the problems around property and continues to look at what further can be done. Locally HMP High Down has reviewed the cell clearance process implementing a new system and continues to work on improving compliance with the volumetric control limits to support the commitment to reduce property becoming lost.
HMPPS In progress
5 The unrefurbished showers at HMP High Down are in an unacceptable state, but the Board has been told there is insufficient funding for them to be upgraded. What does the Prison Service intend to do to improve the showers?
Response
The Board will be aware that a funding bid for the full refurbishment of showers at HMP High Down was submitted in January 2018 which was approved and added to the Capital Maintenance Project Pipeline. Refurbishment works to the following showers have since been completed on House Block 2 – A3, B3, C2 & C3 and House Block 4 – A2, B1, C1 & C2. It is acknowledged there have been some minor remedial work completed on House Block 3 – A1, C1, C2 & C3 which were temporary and still require a complete refurbishment. HMPPS will be working with Ministry of Justice Property Services to establish which showers remain unsatisfactory and commission a project to address these. However, it remains the case that demands for maintenance are much greater than the available funding and work will therefore continue to be carefully prioritised to make best use of that funding, focusing on risk to life and risk to capacity and decency.
HMPPS In progress
6 The number of illicit items coming into HMP High Down is a major concern. What steps can the Prison Service take to ensure the prison is supported in tackling this issue?
Response
Under the Physical & Special Security Design Guide, Standard No STD/Z/DG/068, there is no requirement to provide CCTV for Category C prisons, such as HMP High Down, nor is there a policy requirement for a Category C prison to be covered by CCTV or a Perimeter Intrusion Detection system. However, the Board’s concerns about the role that CCTV coverage can play in tackling illicit items entering a prison are recognised. Over the last 2 years nearly £100k has been spent at HMP High Down on repairs and remedial work to the existing CCTV and investigations are being carried out by the service provider on the Perimeter CCTV. Business case bids have also been submitted for funding for CCTV coverage and lighting to improve the overall physical security of HMP High Down which will help to tackle illicit items being thrown over the perimeter.
HMPPS In progress
7 Can the prison put measures in place to deliver key work more regularly and ensure there are enough key workers for every prisoner? Repeated Governor / Director
8 How does the prison intend to tackle low attendance rates for education? Governor / Director
9 How can the prison ensure that all prisoners have access to regime, including full-time workers who do not get back to the houseblock until late in the afternoon? Governor / Director
10 Can the prison improve the provision of work and education for VPs? Repeated Governor / Director
11 What can the prison do to improve accessibility for prisoners with mobility issues so they are able to access healthcare and exercise? Repeated Governor / Director
12 What steps can be taken to improve cleanliness in the houseblock serveries and improve portion control to ensure all prisoners receive enough food? Governor / Director

Applications to the IMB

CategoryCurrentPrevious
Accommodation (including transfers) 308 247
Canteen 12 29
Discipline 77 50
Discrimination 20 11
Education 49 33
Family contact 47 58
Food 30 30
Healthcare 104 147
Legal 5 4
Money 6 8
Other 115 94
Property 236 138
Purposeful activity 44 35
Regime 21 17
Release 11 11
Safety 17 14
Segregation 67 56
Staff 100 106
Total 1,333 1,133
Transfers (internal) 3 1
Visits 41 37
Welfare 21 21
Work 8 10

Related inspections & investigations

31 Jul 2023 HMIP · Unannounced Safety 2 · Respect 3 · Activity 1 · Release 2
PPO fatal incident Brian Moore
PPO fatal incident Daniel Brown · Natural causes
13 May 2025 PPO fatal incident Mohammed Fethaullah · Natural causes
17 Jan 2025 PPO fatal incident Mark Richards · Natural causes
9 Nov 2022 PPO fatal incident Jason Kennedy · Other non-natural
8 Dec 2025 PFD Oliver Mulangala · State Custody related deaths | Alcohol, drug and medication related deaths
27 Nov 2016 PFD Matthew Russell · State Custody related deaths; Suicide (from 2015)

Other reports for High Down

2025 Published 4 Jun 2026 Population 1,133 · Self-harm 575 · Concerns
2024 Published 20 May 2025 Population 1,205 · Self-harm 661 · Concerns
2022 Published 14 Jun 2023 Population 1,090 · Self-harm 721 · Concerns
2021 Published 17 Jun 2022 Population 1,021 · Self-harm 779 · Concerns
2020 Published 15 Jul 2021 Population 930 · Self-harm 577 · Concerns

Report details

Establishment
High Down
Type
Prison · Cat C
Report year
2023
Published
11 July 2024
Responsible body
HMP High Down
Recommendations
12
MoJ rating (2024/25)
2 — Concern

Population

Population1,148
Operational capacity1,180
CNA (designed for)999 115%

Service providers

Education and training
Novus
GP
Doctor PA
Healthcare: Inpatients and outpatients, medical care for residential areas, pharmacy and dental care
Central North West London NHS Trust (CNWL)
In-reach Mental healthcare
CNWL
Maintenance and repair
Gov Facility Services Ltd (GFSL)
Social care
Surrey County Council
Substance misuse
The Forward Trust

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