The MOD will investigate the inclusion of automated secure voice logs in the next generation tactical command system, with a decision expected by 2018. The Army Chief Information Officer will determine how such a capability will be used. (AI summary)
Source · Prevention of Future Deaths
Tom Sawyer and Danny Winters
Ref: 2015-0100
Date: 16 Mar 2015
Coroner: David Ridley
Area: Wiltshire & Swindon
Responses identified: 1 / 1
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Reliance on insecure handwritten radio logs, absence of critical communication records, and ineffective communication between soldiers hindered investigation. There is a lack of secure digital recording for encrypted radio signals in combat scenarios.
Date
16 Mar 2015
56-day deadline
11 May 2015 est.
Responses identified
1 of 1
Coroner's concerns
Reliance on insecure handwritten radio logs, absence of critical communication records, and ineffective communication between soldiers hindered investigation. There is a lack of secure digital recording for encrypted radio signals in combat scenarios.
View full coroner's concerns
In the circumstances it is my statutory to report to you: _ Radio Equipment During the course of the investigation had access to hand written radio There were essentially 2 radio nets of interest in relation to the investigation of this incident;, firstly the BATTLE GROUP NET in respect of which had some of the logs secondly the FIRESNET in respect of which no logs materialised despite efforts to locate them and this even included attempts during the course of the final Inquest hearing: As indicated in Court find it hard to understand that in the 21st Century that there is still a huge amount of dependence o hand written radio logs in respect of which "Coms" are recorded subject to the judgement of that particular signaller relative to the skills of that signaller in recognising what is relevant and what is not One of the objectives of a Coronial Inquest where especially Article 2 is engaged, as was the case in this Inquest; is to consider matters with a view to the prevention of future deaths and of course this is an area which overlaps between my Coronial function and that of a Service Inquiry. The absence of recordsllogs in relation to the FIRESNET in my view was not helpful in getting to the bottom of what went wrong especially as regards the communication between Tom, as a Forward Artillery Observer with Zulu Company, and his Danish counterpart Soldier /". found that on a balance of probabilities that something a step away from express instruction to fire was said by Tom to Soldier which was then mutated when he relayed the signal to his colleague Soldier A, located on the rooftop of the compound providing over the watch where of cause the Javelin detachment which fired the Javelin missile was located. It was Soldier A who gave the order to fire. found on the balance of probabilities that there was ineffective communication between Soldier and Soldier A; Investigating such matters requires the best evidence available and as regards current technology am surprised that there is not the ability at leastat one end of the radio communications network to for example, securely digitally record the encrypted signals along the lines of say cockpit voice recorder, For security reasons such recordings could then be decrypted and made_ available to any subsequent investigation that needs to be carried out; Tel 01722 438900 Fax 01722 332223 key duty logs. and fully appreciate that such a system may not be appropriate for those actually on the ground for reasons of additional weight but it was clear to me that communications were monitored back at the Forward Operating Bases and that perhaps may be location where communications monitored/relayed could be recorded at the same time It may be the case that technology would allow some form of recording say on a 2 hour loop o equipment given to soldiers on the ground but as said earlier am conscious of the amount of weight soldiers on the ground have to carry in respect of their combat kit and weapon: It is worth noting that Tom and Danny's respective families were also concerned as regards the absence of FIRESNET logs. Monitoring of the BATTLE GROUP NET in such a way would have also been helpful although there were some logs in relation to communications over this net; The benefit of having accurate records of communications bolsters the integrity and thoroughness of any investigation and may have highlighted matters warranting further consideration with the view to the prevention of future deaths. am sure that such system would be beneficial to future investigations aimed at the prevention of future deaths_
Responses
Ministry of Defence
Central Government
Action Planned
RECEIVED 2 9 APR 2015 MINISTRY OF DEFENCE FLOOR 5 ZONE B MAIN BUILDING Ministry WHITEHALL LONDON SWIA 2HB of Defence Telephone: 020 7218 9000 (Switchboard) THE RT HON MARK FRANCOIS MINISTER OF STATE FOR THE ARMED FORCES DIMSU/4/7/1 27 April 2015 @ee M Thank you for your letter of 16 March in which you enclose a copy of the Regulation 28 Report following the Inquest into the deaths of Captain Tom Sawyer and Corporal Danny Winter: As you will be aware, my Department takes its relationship with HM Coroners very seriously and we fully recognise how important it is that we learn all possible lessons to ensure that deaths under similar circumstances in the future can be prevented: In your report you have raised concerns about the possibility of voice recording radio communications in order that it may assist inquiries and investigations in the future, particularly with a view to identifying where future deaths may be prevented. In terms of the current situation, written logs of communicating and military command radio nets should be maintained and kept Additionally, in 2009 some of our voice communication functions migrated to 'Chat Net' systems, which are computer-based, user-typed text exchanges, similar to a civilian internet chat room. These too are recorded and archived, However, currently none of our voice-based systems can be recorded: In terms of our future capabilities, the next generation of tactical command, control and communications system for Defence includes & requirement that The [User] shall be able to access an automated secure voice log of their primary net: The full scope of this requirement and its implications will be investigated during the Assessment phase of the programme in the period up to 2018, but it is unlikely that this will include the ability to record all communication networks all the time due t0 practical limitations. will therefore be developed by the newly appointed Army Chief Information Officer to determine when and such a capability will be used in the future. have ensured that your concerns have been passed to him; hope that this response helps to address your concerns and am content for you to copy this response to the Chief Coroner and other Interested Persons Yovo ee , RT HON MARK FRANCOIS Mr David Ridley HM Senior Coroner for Wiltshire & Swindon Wiltshire & Swindon Coroner's Court 26 Endless Street Salisbury Wiltshire SP1 1DP Qelq . Policy how
Report sections
Investigation and inquest
On 26 January 2009 my predecessor David Masters , opened the Inquests into the deaths of Captain Tom Sawyer and Corporal Danny Winters following the repatriation of their bodies into the UK from Afghanistan: The delay in the progress of the Inquest was due to waiting for the outcome of a Service Inquiry into not only Tom and Danny's death but also the deaths of 2 Danish soldiers who were killed in an incident involving the Javelin missile system 2 years earlier in Afghanistan. Delay also arose as a result of waiting for a decision out of the Supreme Court relative to Article (Jurisdiction Overseas) of the European Convention on Human Rights and the application of Article 2 in relation to Military Operations overseas The investigation was finally concluded on 11 March 2015 at the end of nearly 3 weeks recorded as a conclusion a Narrative Conclusion and recorded that both Danny and Tom died as a result injuries caused by an explosion following the Javelin missile being launched and striking the compound roof where Danny and Tom were located in Mirmindab area, Nahr-e-Saraj District, Helmand Province, Southern Afghanistan on 14 January 2009
Circumstances of the death
have set out below the Narrative Conclusion that recorded as follows:- Narrative_Conclusion Danny died as a result of unsurvivable blast injuries caused by an explosion when a Javelin missile fired by friendly forces at approximately 2050 on 14 January 2009 struck the roof of an unnamed compound lying approx 1300m South West of FOB Gibraltar in the Mirmindab area of the Nahr-e-Saraj District of Helmand Province , Afghanistan: Danny was killed outright: The following factors contributed to the firing of the Javelin missile: a) Poor weather conditions with low visibility intensely pitch black night time conditions; b) The late arrival of the Delta Company Javelin crew at the over watch rooftop position at Compound 4 resulting_in an inability to create a full battle card due to low visibility; Tel 01722 438900 Fax 01722 332223 and and
Action should be taken
In my opinion action should be taken t0 prevent future deaths and believe you the Minister of State for the Armed Forces have the power to take such action by way of a review:
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Report details
- Reference
- 2015-0100
- Date of report
- 16 March 2015
- Coroner
- David Ridley
- Coroner area
- Wiltshire & Swindon
Responses identified
Responses identified
1 of 1
All listed responses identified
Organisations named in PFD reports are normally expected to respond within 56 days. Deadline: 11 May 2015 (estimated).
Sent to
- Minister of State for the Armed Forces