Public Inquiry

The Fingerprint Inquiry

Status: Completed Chair: Sir Anthony Campbell Established: Mar 2008 Report: Dec 2011 Commissioned by: Scottish Government

The Fingerprint Inquiry examined the circumstances surrounding the fingerprint evidence in the Shirley McKie case, where a Scottish police officer was wrongly accused of leaving her fingerprint at a murder scene. The inquiry made recommendations on fingerprint evidence standards, expert …

Response breakdown

9 recommendations total
100%
9 (100%)Accepted
Blanket response: Scottish Government responded with a single acceptance statement. Per-recommendation responses were not published separately.

Evidence & impact

AI-generated · 26 Mar 2026
The Fingerprint Inquiry, chaired by Sir Anthony Campbell, was established in June 2009 and reported in December 2011. The inquiry made nine recommendations concerning fingerprint identification services in Scotland. On 15 December 2011, the day after publication, Justice Secretary Kenny MacAskill announced that the Scottish Government accepted all nine recommendations. MacAskill expressed confidence that the recommendations would enhance fingerprint services, and indicated that the Scottish Police Services Authority would draw up an action plan to implement improvements before integration into the new Police Scotland in 2013.

Despite this initial acceptance, the available public record contains no evidence of progress on any of the nine recommendations. No progress updates have been recorded, no implementation reviews have been documented, and no legislation has been identified as resulting from the inquiry. The government's response noted that an action plan would be developed by the Scottish Police Services Authority, but no subsequent information about this plan or its execution appears in the available evidence.

The absence of documented progress is notable given that more than a decade has passed since the inquiry reported. While the Scottish Government's immediate acceptance of all recommendations suggested commitment to reform, the lack of any recorded follow-up activity means it is not possible to determine from the available evidence whether any of the inquiry's recommendations have been acted upon. This pattern of accepting recommendations without documented follow-through raises questions about the effectiveness of the inquiry process in achieving its intended reforms to Scotland's fingerprint identification services.

Reports & milestones

Reports

Timeline

18 Mar 2008 Inquiry Announced
01 Jun 2009 Inquiry Establish…
14 Dec 2011 Final Report Publ…

Recommendations

9 shown
Code Recommendation Addressed to Response
FP1
Fingerprint evidence should be recognised as opinion evidence, not fact, and those involved in the criminal justice system need to assess it …
Scottish Government Accepted View →
FP3
Examiners should discontinue reporting conclusions on identification or exclusion with a claim to 100% certainty or on any other basis suggesting that …
SPA Forensic Services Accepted View →
FP5
Experts should list all variables considered and state whether the conclusion has been reached through training and personal experience or on any …
SPA Forensic Services Accepted View →
FP9
Features on which examiners rely should be demonstrable to a lay person with normal eye sight as observable in the mark.
SPA Forensic Services Accepted View →
FP16-18
Expert opinion should be informed by proper academic study of the subject.
SPA Forensic Services Accepted View →
FP53
Note-taking as to the detail found on analysis and the process of comparison, though not mandatory, should become the general practice for …
SPA Forensic Services Accepted View →
FP60
Experts should record and properly disclose all of the basis of their opinion to enable a court to understand it and the …
SPA Forensic Services Accepted View →
FP66
Before a finding of 'unable to exclude' is led in evidence, careful consideration will require to be given to (a) the types …
COPFS Accepted View →
FP-COMPLEX
Processes should be developed to ensure that complex marks such as those in question are treated differently, by examination by three suitably …
SPA Forensic Services Accepted View →