Recommendation 89

A range of measures can be taken to deter threats to critical infrastructure, depending on the type of asset used. Dr Kaushal highlighted that GUGI possessed a limited number of specialised assets able to operate at extreme depths. GUGI also performs a range of other tasks, including laying undersea sensors for the Harmony networks, which protect its nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines, and provide surveillance around Russian waters. Dr Kaushal told us that the range of tasks assigned to GUGI has put organisational strain on a highly elite body. The UK and its allies can therefore potentially support deterrence through submarine activity that forces GUGI to devote greater resources to the surveillance and protection of its own infrastructure. 108