Select Committee · Scottish Affairs Committee

The financing of the Scottish Government

Status: Closed Opened: 21 Nov 2024 Closed: 20 Oct 2025 7 recommendations 12 conclusions 1 report

This inquiry is examining the framework for fiscal devolution in Scotland. The Committee is evaluating the effectiveness of the Barnett formula and the fiscal framework in calculating the amount of money available for providing devolved services in Scotland. As part of this, the Committee is examining the interaction between UK Government fiscal events and in-year …

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
1st report – The financing of the Scottish Government HC 456 16 Jul 2025 19 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

6 items
1 Conclusion 1st report – The financing of the Scott… Accepted

Full fiscal autonomy for Scotland is not a realistic or workable proposition.

We note the Scottish Government’s call for full fiscal autonomy, but do not consider that this currently appears to be a realistic prospect. Fundamental questions remain about how full fiscal autonomy would work in practice, and whether it would be operable within the constraints of the UK’s current devolution settlement. …

Government response. The government agreed with the committee's conclusion that full fiscal autonomy is not a serious proposition, contrasting it with the financial stability provided by the UK and highlighting a potential £14 billion funding gap for Scotland.
Scotland Office
2 Conclusion 1st report – The financing of the Scott… Accepted

Barnett formula remains fit for purpose without clear need for significant reform.

Whilst the Barnett formula is an imperfect method of calculating Scotland’s funding, we have heard no convincing evidence of a workable alternative. We therefore consider the formula to be fit for purpose and are not convinced there is clear need to reform it significantly. (Conclusion, Paragraph 33)

Government response. The government accepts the conclusion, citing the significant real-terms settlement for the Scottish Government delivered through the Barnett formula via Phase 2 of the Spending Review, affirming the formula's role in providing financial certainty.
Scotland Office
3 Conclusion 1st report – The financing of the Scott… Accepted

Keep under review the future need for a needs-based factor in the Barnett formula.

In particular, we are not convinced there is a need to introduce a needs- based factor into the Barnett formula at this time. Scotland currently may be receiving more than it would if a needs-based factor, like the floors introduced in Northern Ireland and Wales, were to be introduced. However, …

Government response. The government accepts the conclusion, reiterating the substantial funding increases for the Scottish Government through the existing Barnett formula, which provides financial certainty and stability without the need for a needs-based factor at this time.
Scotland Office
4 Conclusion 1st report – The financing of the Scott… Accepted

Lack of transparency in Barnett formula comparability percentage calculations limits scrutiny.

The operation of the Barnett formula is not as transparent as it could or should be. In particular, there is a lack of transparency around how comparability percentages are calculated. Comparability percentages are a fundamental feature of the Barnett formula and the only multiplier which cannot be effectively scrutinised by …

Government response. The government stated that details on how comparability percentages are calculated, including a programme-by-programme breakdown, are already included in Annex B of the Statement of Funding Policy document published in June 2025.
Scotland Office
8 Conclusion 1st report – The financing of the Scott… Accepted

HM Treasury remains ultimate arbiter of Barnett formula, lacking formal dispute resolution

HM Treasury, and therefore the UK Government, is the “ultimate arbiter” of the Barnett formula. As the formula is non-statutory, there is no legal recourse for the Scottish Government to challenge the UK Government’s application of it. There is also currently no formal, objective dispute resolution process relating to the …

Government response. HM Treasury sets out the impact on Scotland of policy changes at fiscal events in the publicly available fiscal event documents.
Scotland Office
11 Conclusion 1st report – The financing of the Scott… Accepted

UK fiscal event timing and uncertainty significantly challenge Scottish Government financial planning

The timing of supplementary estimates and UK Government fiscal events can cause clear challenges for the Scottish Government in terms of financial planning, with the Scottish Government’s final funding position not confirmed until close to the end of the financial year. This uncertainty is compounded by in-year changes to UK …

Government response. The government explained that the Block Grant Transparency is published annually, and the Scottish Government is informed of changes at the earliest possible opportunity, justifying its current practices as appropriate for managing market sensitive information.
Scotland Office

Oral evidence sessions

1 session
Date Witnesses
29 Jan 2025 Claire Murdoch · NHS England, David Phillips · Institute for Fiscal Studies, Dr João Sousa · Fraser of Allander Institute View ↗

Correspondence

2 letters
DateDirectionTitle
5 Feb 2025 Correspondence from David Phillips, Associate Director, Institute for Fiscal St…
22 Jan 2025 Correspondence from Shona Robison MSP, Scottish Government, regarding the fina…