Select Committee · Science, Innovation and Technology Committee

Reproducibility and research integrity

Status: Closed Opened: 22 Jul 2021 Closed: 19 Feb 2024 21 recommendations 7 conclusions 1 report

As the UK seeks to recover from the pandemic, research and innovation has the ability to drive economic growth, with UKRI estimating that every £1 spent on research and development delivers £7 in economic and social benefit. However, the integrity of research, especially medical and social science research, is at risk from what is known …

Clear

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Research Integrity HC 101 10 May 2023 28 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

11 items
10 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Require universities to model reproducibility culture and implement protected research time policy

Research institutions should model a culture of reproducibility by managing inordinate pressures on academics and encouraging the prioritisation of reproducibility in research outputs. This extends to encouraging openness around mistakes and their correction. In collaboration with the Higher Education Sector, Universities UK should implement a coordinated policy on minimum protected …

Government response. The government partially accepts the recommendation, stating it does not require a formal response from the government on some aspects. It highlights UKRI's extensive existing work to shift incentives in the research system, including changes to the REF process and …
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
11 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Develop dedicated funding and career paths for statistical experts and software developers

Statistical experts and software developers are insufficiently recognised and renumerated within the university research sector. Funders and universities should develop dedicated funding for the presence of statistical experts and software developers in research teams. In tandem, universities should work on developing formalised, aspirational career paths for these professions.

Government response. The government partially accepts the recommendation, agreeing on the need for better recognition of statistical experts and software developers and citing existing UKRI initiatives. However, it states there is insufficient evidence that new dedicated funding streams would be more beneficial …
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
15 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Implement a trial funding programme for 'slower' science and consult researchers on grant sufficiency

Short-term research grants place restrictive limitations on researchers, which can be to the detriment of research integrity and reproducibility. UKRI should consult with a representative sample of researchers to understand whether their grants allow them sufficient time and funding to do the work needed for ensuring their research is reproducible. …

Government response. The government partially accepts the recommendation, stating UKRI already funds a range of long-term projects and believes changing incentives is crucial beyond just grant length. While committed to continuing stakeholder work and experimenting with funding approaches, it does not explicitly …
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
17 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Implement 100% open access policies for scientific outputs by UKRI and funders by 2025

The trend towards blanket open access in the communication of scientific outputs is positive. UKRI and other research funders should continue to implement open access policies until this figure reaches 100%, by the end of 2025 at the latest.

Government response. The government partially accepts the recommendation, supporting the aspiration for 100% open access and detailing UKRI's existing policy and its expansion to monographs from January 2024. However, it notes complexities in implementation requiring action from various stakeholders, implying a lack …
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
18 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Mandate researchers to share open-source data and code alongside all published outputs

Currently, research outputs are frequently published without an associated link through to their open-source data and code. This prevents other researchers assessing work for its reproducibility. In all bar the most exceptional ethical and legal situations, researchers should share their research data and code alongside published outputs.

Government response. The UKRI open access policy seeks to ensure that research articles, monographs, book chapters and edited collections that acknowledge its funding are made freely accessible. UKRI welcomes and supports the aspiration for 100% of UK research articles to be open …
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
19 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Mandate deposition of research data in open-access repositories and encourage FAIR principles

Journals should collectively encourage researchers to employ the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reuse of digital assets) principles within their research and should mandate the deposition of research data in open- access repositories alongside the publication of research outputs.

Government response. The UKRI open access policy seeks to ensure that research articles, monographs, book chapters and edited collections that acknowledge its funding are made freely accessible. UKRI welcomes and supports the aspiration for 100% of UK research articles to be open …
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
21 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Develop a pilot programme to fund replication studies, learning from NWO's model

Providing adequate funding for replication studies is an important precondition for ensuring researchers have the resources necessary to conduct them. UKRI should learn from its Dutch equivalent, NWO, by developing a pilot programme to fund replication studies.

Government response. The government partially accepts, stating UKRI will learn from NWO's pilot but does not commit to developing its own. They highlight existing funding mechanisms for replication studies and will consider increasing focus on metascience through a new caucus.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
23 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Require publishers to support academics reporting issues and ensure timely research corrections and retractions

Publishers have a vital role in the maintenance of the scholarly record. Publishers should support academics who report issues with published research in their journals and should commit to timely publication of research error corrections and retractions where necessary—in our view this process should not take longer than two months. …

Government response. The government welcomes the support from the Committee for increasing the use of registered reports to enhance reproducibility, however further evaluation of the costs and benefits of registered report partnership models is needed.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
25 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Review Research Excellence Framework criteria, ensuring transparency and considering 'originality' removal.

The Future Research Assessment Programme (FRAP) is consulting on reforms for the assessment of UK higher education research. It should review the Research Excellence Framework assessment criteria to assure that transparency is a prerequisite of top- scoring research. It should also consider the effects of removing ‘originality’ from the top …

Government response. The government partially accepts, stating that decisions on the next Research Excellence Framework (REF) fall to funding bodies, but the new framework will include assessment of integrity, openness, transparency, and research reproducibility, with detailed criteria developed in 2024.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
26 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Assess researchers on broader academic contributions, mandating 'resume for researchers' format by 2025.

Researchers should be assessed on the broader contributions to their academic field, including time spent conducting voluntary peer review and promoting reproducibility and research integrity. Funders, led by UKRI, should move towards the exclusive use of the ‘resume for researchers’ format in funding calls by 2025.

Government response. The government partially accepts, declining to commit all funders to the exclusive use of the R4RI format by 2025. However, UKRI is committed to adopting R4RI across its own funding opportunities by the end of 2023 and is working with …
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology
27 Recommendation Sixth Report - Reproducibility and Rese… Accepted in Part

Publish peer review comments to improve transparency and deter paper mills.

Peer review should not be viewed as a binary measure of quality versus unreliability for published papers. There is a wide range of competency, depth, and rigour in the analyses carried out during peer review as time-poor academics often do not have time to conduct detailed scrutiny. Where possible, journals …

Government response. The government partially accepts the recommendation by welcoming the support for increasing the use of registered reports to enhance reproducibility, but notes that further evaluation of the costs and benefits of registered report partnership models is needed.
Department for Science, Innovation and Technology

Oral evidence sessions

4 sessions
Date Witnesses
2 Feb 2022 George Freeman MP · Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy, James Parry · UK Research Integrity Office, Professor Dame Ottoline Leyser · UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) View ↗
19 Jan 2022 Dr Adrian Weller · University of Cambridge, Professor Sebastian Vollmer · TU Kaiserslautern View ↗
15 Dec 2021 Dr Alina Chan · Viral: The Search for the Origin of Covid-19, Dr Ben Goldacre · Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Dr Elizabeth Moylan · Wiley, Dr Jessica Butler · University of Aberdeen, Dr Ritu Dhand · Springer Nature, Richard Horton · The Lancet, The Viscount Ridley DL · Viral: The Search for the Origin of Covid-19 View ↗
1 Dec 2021 Dr Ivan Oransky · Retraction Watch, Dr Janine Austin Clayton · Office of Research on Women’s Health at the United States National Institute for Health, Professor Dorothy Bishop · University of Oxford, Professor Marcus Munafò · UK Reproducibility Network Steering Group, Professor Neil Ferguson OBE · Imperial College London View ↗

Correspondence

1 letter
DateDirectionTitle
25 Feb 2022 Correspondence from Sir Patrick Vallance, Government Chief Scientific Adviser, …