Select Committee · Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee

Flooding

Status: Closed Opened: 4 Mar 2020 Closed: 25 Nov 2021 33 recommendations 2 conclusions 1 report

Recent events have brought the challenges of managing flood risk back to national attention, and climate change means these events are likely to become more frequent. Building on the previous Committee’s interim report on coastal flooding and adaptation to climate change, this inquiry focussed on the Government’s approach to managing the risk of inland flooding … Show more

Reports

1 report
Title HC No. Published Items Response
Fourth Report - Flooding HC 170 8 Feb 2021 35 Responded

Recommendations & Conclusions

35 items
1 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted in Part

We welcome the doubling of investment in flood defences announced at Budget 2020, amounting to...

We welcome the doubling of investment in flood defences announced at Budget 2020, amounting to £5.2 billion over the next six years. It is vital that measures to address the growing, long-term, flood and coastal risk in the face of climate change are adequately resourced. The Government should therefore keep … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government details its current £5.2 billion investment in flood defences for 2021-2027, stating it exceeds the Environment Agency's optimal investment levels and that EA guidance on climate change scenarios is regularly reviewed. However, it explicitly states that the level of investment beyond this current …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
2 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

We welcome the steps taken thus far to improve the partnership funding formula, to better...

We welcome the steps taken thus far to improve the partnership funding formula, to better take account of climate change and the wider impacts of flooding. However, it is disappointing that the Government’s call for evidence on further changes to the formula has only just been launched, and will not … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government confirms it will launch a public consultation following the Call for Evidence on changes to the flood funding formula. It commits to publishing and applying any changes as soon as possible within the current investment programme, balancing speed with providing adequate notice and …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
3 Conclusion Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

We share the concern of our predecessor Committee about the apparent stalling of private sector...

We share the concern of our predecessor Committee about the apparent stalling of private sector contributions under the partnership funding model. The recent National Audit Office report shows the Government faces an uphill struggle to reverse the decline in private sector contributions. We welcome the steps the Government is taking … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government defended its partnership funding approach, citing past successes and explaining that new policy actions and increased government funding will reduce the required partnership contributions, making them achievable. It committed to regularly monitoring partnership funding, including private sector contributions.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
4 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

While we acknowledge the great value of partnership contributions from public sources, it is obvious...

While we acknowledge the great value of partnership contributions from public sources, it is obvious that private sector investment is too low (as the Government has implicitly accepted), and this could contribute to uncertainty about whether schemes will be deliverable. The Government should explain how it will monitor whether the … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states that partnership funding, including private sector contributions, will be regularly monitored by the Government and Environment Agency. This monitoring will occur monthly, with intensive support for high-risk schemes, to identify key risks early and enable mitigating action to prevent outcomes from being …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
5 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Not Addressed

The Environment Agency should facilitate this by keeping a record of schemes that are unable...

The Environment Agency should facilitate this by keeping a record of schemes that are unable to proceed due to being unable to secure adequate partnership contributions, including a quantification of the losses in flood resilience that result.

Government response AI summary
The government defends its partnership funding approach, stating it is successfully delivering its objectives and that funding is achievable. It confirms that partnership funding will be regularly monitored to identify key risks, but does not explicitly commit to recording schemes that fail due to inadequate …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
6 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Deferred

It is critical that the considerable outlay of public money through the Government’s £5.2 billion...

It is critical that the considerable outlay of public money through the Government’s £5.2 billion capital investment in flood defences is not wasted through a failure to adequately resource the maintenance of new and existing assets. We are concerned Flooding 47 by the evidence we have received about existing shortcomings … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the importance of maintaining flood defence assets, citing past and current increases in maintenance funding. However, it defers a decision on establishing a long-term resource budget settlement by stating that future spending will be determined by the 2021 Spending Review.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
7 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted in Part

The Government’s refusal to set a national standard for resilience to flooding means there is...

The Government’s refusal to set a national standard for resilience to flooding means there is uncertainty about the level of its ambition. We would expect the Government to show leadership in the face of severe and growing risk by setting out its long- term objective. We are not convinced by … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government does not accept a 'one size fits all' national standard, citing difficulties. However, it commits to developing national indicators to monitor resilience trends, strengthening reporting, and transforming local planning to drive progress towards greater flood resilience.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
8 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Acknowledged

Climate change poses a grave threat to the flood resilience of communities, with the Climate...

Climate change poses a grave threat to the flood resilience of communities, with the Climate Change Committee warning that warming of 4°C or more implies inevitable increases in flood risk even in the most ambitious adaptation scenarios considered. The Government needs to be frank about the level of risk it … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government acknowledged climate change risks, stating these are recognised in its UK Climate Change Risk Assessment and National Risk Register, and that policies are informed by climate projections. It highlighted existing work like the National Flood Resilience Review and a forthcoming updated National Flood …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
9 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Deferred

We welcome the focus on protecting not just homes, but also other properties.

We welcome the focus on protecting not just homes, but also other properties. It is crucial that the success or otherwise of flood risk management interventions is closely monitored, in order to demonstrate progress toward strategic objectives and ensure value for money. We are particularly concerned that the Environment Agency … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government commits to developing a national set of indicators, strengthening reporting, and tracking progress on the new capital programme, but defers providing further detail on these proposals 'in due course'.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
10 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted in Part

The Government must provide leadership to ensure that the division of flood risk responsibilities among...

The Government must provide leadership to ensure that the division of flood risk responsibilities among various organisations does not result in local communities experiencing a less efficient and responsive approach to flood risk management than if all responsibilities were brought under one roof. We cautiously welcome the Government’s commitment to … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government commits to transforming local flood risk planning by 2026 and will consult on changes, including providing further detail on responsibilities and integration; however, it states local authorities are already resourced and will only carefully consider future funding impacts.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
11 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

The responsibility of riparian owners to maintain watercourses so as not to increase flood risk...

The responsibility of riparian owners to maintain watercourses so as not to increase flood risk to others is well established in common law. Obviously, individuals must first know whether they are riparian owners, and their responsibilities, if they are to be expected to discharge them. Risk management authorities also need … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, committing to ensure riparian owners are clear on their responsibilities and stating that the Environment Agency will develop and pilot new communication methods, alongside an independent review of statutory responsibilities.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
12 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Not Addressed

Local authorities will be a key delivery partner for the Government’s new flooding policies, so...

Local authorities will be a key delivery partner for the Government’s new flooding policies, so we are very concerned by evidence of inconsistency and shortcomings in capacity. While it is for local authorities to take local decisions, central Government must ensure that they are properly resourced to implement their existing … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government states that local authorities are currently resourced for flood risk management and will consider the impacts of future reforms, but it does not provide details on the requested funding review's scope and timescale or commit to ensuring dedicated resources.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
13 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted in Part

We recognise and pay tribute to the substantial effort undertaken by all emergency responders, as...

We recognise and pay tribute to the substantial effort undertaken by all emergency responders, as well as local communities and the armed services, in responding to the severe flooding over the autumn and winter of 2019–20. However, we are concerned by ongoing indications of resourcing issues for those bodies undertaking … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government commits to reviewing the role and capacity of the voluntary sector and community groups in flood incident response, and the Environment Agency is reviewing information resources and developing a five-year training plan for staff. However, the response focuses specifically on community and voluntary …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
14 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Not Addressed

It is welcome that the Government has now put in place a package of support...

It is welcome that the Government has now put in place a package of support measures for households and businesses impacted by severe flooding. While it is right that local authorities will usually be best placed to deliver these measures in their areas, it is concerning that some appear to … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's response focuses on community engagement and the role of the third sector in flood resilience, including reviews of resources and training by the Environment Agency, but does not address the recommendation to review specific flood recovery schemes or communication with local authorities.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
15 Conclusion Fourth Report - Flooding Acknowledged

Our engagement with local communities at risk of flooding has highlighted the significant long-term challenges...

Our engagement with local communities at risk of flooding has highlighted the significant long-term challenges that result from a flood. In particular, the mental health impacts of flooding have been vividly described to us. This includes both the initial trauma of having one’s home flooded, and the resultant anxiety whenever … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government acknowledged the crucial role of community engagement and the third sector, stating it will work with these groups to ensure future flood risk management planning includes meaningful community engagement and committed to reviewing the voluntary sector's role and Environment Agency's resources to improve …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
16 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Not Addressed

The Government should supplement its July 2020 policy statement with an additional action plan, developed...

The Government should supplement its July 2020 policy statement with an additional action plan, developed with local partners, for the long-term physical, economic, and psychological recovery of communities impacted by flooding. This should include a clear explanation of which national and local actors should be responsible for key aspects of … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government's response is a truncated repetition of the recommendation, providing no actual engagement with its substance or commitments from the government.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
17 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

It is widely recognised that inappropriate development in areas at risk from flooding represents a...

It is widely recognised that inappropriate development in areas at risk from flooding represents a serious threat to flood resilience, particularly as the scale of the risk is 50 Flooding likely to increase with climate change. Defra must do more to integrate its approach to flood resilience across the whole … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government highlights existing National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) provisions which aim to avoid inappropriate development in flood risk areas by directing development away from high-risk zones or ensuring safety, but does not explain how *reforms* or *new leadership* will enhance this.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
18 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Rejected

We are concerned that the words on flood risk in national planning policy still do...

We are concerned that the words on flood risk in national planning policy still do not always translate into actions. We are encouraged by the Government’s proposal that planning applications approved against flood risk advice could in future be subject to call-in by the Secretary of State. The Government should … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government rejected expanding the Environment Agency’s remit for planning applications, stating it has no current plans to do so. It did not provide further detail on proposals for call-in where flood risk advice is not followed, reiterating local planning authority responsibilities instead.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
19 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Acknowledged

While we welcome the commitment to consider improving transparency for flood risk advice, the Government...

While we welcome the commitment to consider improving transparency for flood risk advice, the Government must ensure that any development which still goes ahead against advice is clearly communicated to prospective homebuyers. The Government should ensure that information on development against flood risk advice is published in a clear and … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government recognises the importance of transparency for homebuyers and highlights existing flood risk information tools. It commits to continually reviewing what more can be done to improve transparency and accessibility of flood risk information, but does not specifically commit to publishing details on developments …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
20 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted in Part

It is clear that planning and risk management authorities must be empowered and resourced to...

It is clear that planning and risk management authorities must be empowered and resourced to effectively monitor and enforce the fulfilment of planning conditions in areas at risk of flooding. The Government should urgently review whether planning conditions to mitigate flood risk are being fulfilled. The Government should then bring … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government states it believes existing enforcement powers for planning authorities are adequate and further powers are unnecessary. However, it commits to engaging with local authorities to understand how they use their existing powers, their available resources, and barriers to effective enforcement, and will consider …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
21 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Acknowledged

We welcome the Government’s commitment to act upon our recommendations regarding the cumulative impact on...

We welcome the Government’s commitment to act upon our recommendations regarding the cumulative impact on flood risk of smaller developments. While we recognise that national planning policy does refer to cumulative impacts, this has clearly not allayed concerns that these impacts are not given due regard when planning decisions are … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the potential impact of cumulative development and refers to existing planning policy. It states that future planning reforms will streamline processes and enable authorities to focus on complex applications with cumulative impacts, but does not commit to establishing the specific extent of …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
22 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

We are very concerned that local planning authorities lack the skills base and resources to...

We are very concerned that local planning authorities lack the skills base and resources to effectively factor the impacts of climate change into development decisions. While plans and individual decisions are rightly made at a local level, it is the duty of Government to provide leadership to local authorities facing … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government acknowledges the need for local authorities to have up-to-date flood risk information, skills, and resources, citing existing training, flood mapping services, and recent changes to permitted development rights to manage flood risk, but does not commit to the requested review of capacity or …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
23 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Acknowledged

The engagement of communities in the development of local plans is already inadequate, and the...

The engagement of communities in the development of local plans is already inadequate, and the proposed reforms to the planning system must not compound this problem. Greater community involvement in planning decisions in many areas at flood risk would have the twin benefits of building trust and contributing valuable technical … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government highlights its White Paper's proposals for deeper community engagement in local plan development and the statutory duties of lead local flood authorities. However, it does not commit to developing specific national guidance on incorporating local knowledge of flood risk into planning decisions and …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
24 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

We recognise the concerns of several stakeholders about site-specific Flood Risk Assessments, and the Government...

We recognise the concerns of several stakeholders about site-specific Flood Risk Assessments, and the Government should use its reform of the planning system as an opportunity to investigate this issue further. The Government’s standardisation of technical supporting information should include an evaluation of the current arrangements for the preparation and … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government accepts the recommendation, stating that proposed planning reforms include standardisation of technical supporting information for flood risk, and the Environment Agency is developing a new National Flood Risk Assessment to provide more accessible and trusted data by 2024.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
25 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Deferred

A step change is needed in promoting the uptake of appropriate property flood resilience measures.

A step change is needed in promoting the uptake of appropriate property flood resilience measures. It is important that reforms to Flood Re to incentivise PFR form part of wider work aimed at encouraging people to improve the flood resilience of their own property. We welcome the Government’s call for … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government acknowledges the need for further action on property flood resilience and is currently running a consultation and call for evidence that cover the issues raised, stating they will review responses and provide an update on next steps, thereby deferring specific commitments.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
26 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

It is essential that the Government works with Flood Re and the insurance industry to...

It is essential that the Government works with Flood Re and the insurance industry to identify and address continuing obstacles to the uptake of insurance among people at risk from flooding. The Government should set out what further research will be undertaken, building on the Blanc review of insurance in … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government accepts the recommendation and is repeating the 2018 research into flood insurance affordability and availability for households and SMEs, with the study expected to commence in spring 2021 to inform future policy.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
27 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Rejected

We understand the Government’s argument that businesses are in a different position compared to households...

We understand the Government’s argument that businesses are in a different position compared to households in respect of flood insurance cover. However, we are concerned about the position of small and medium-sized enterprises, which do not benefit from any Government-backed initiative, equivalent to Flood Re, that would smooth the transition … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government rejects the need for additional measures for SMEs, stating there is no evidence of a systemic problem in accessing flood insurance, and highlights existing market solutions and the ongoing consideration of an independent review's recommendations.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
28 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted in Part

It is essential that work is done to improve understanding of the scale of surface...

It is essential that work is done to improve understanding of the scale of surface water flood risk at a national and local level. In particular, we are concerned to hear evidence of surface and foul water flooding caused or exacerbated by the failure to adequately maintain drainage systems. It … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government commits to improving data collection and sharing through statutory Drainage and Sewerage Management Plans and an update to the Surface Water Management Action Plan, but it does not explicitly quantify its overall ambition for surface water flood resilience.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
29 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

Water and sewerage companies have an important role to play in managing flood risk and...

Water and sewerage companies have an important role to play in managing flood risk and we welcome moves to put drainage planning by companies on a statutory footing. It will be necessary for other Risk Management Authorities and owners of drainage assets to be involved in preparing and maintaining these … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government accepts the recommendation, explaining that statutory Drainage and Sewerage Management Plans will ensure co-operation through their comprehensive assessment process, existing duties for risk management authorities to cooperate, and legislation via the Environment Bill.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
30 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Deferred

While the uptake of sustainable drainage systems has improved in recent years, we are concerned...

While the uptake of sustainable drainage systems has improved in recent years, we are concerned that the installation of high-quality SuDS features delivering multiple environmental benefits may still be insufficiently incentivised. The evidence we have received clearly shows that the non-statutory approach to promoting SuDS, coupled with the persistence of … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government highlights existing planning policy on SuDS and mentions an ongoing research project, but defers a commitment to ending the automatic right to connect to the public sewer or consulting on Schedule 3, stating these issues are being considered by the Storm Overflows Taskforce …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
31 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Deferred

The Government should explain how it will promote the retrofitting of SuDS and an integrated...

The Government should explain how it will promote the retrofitting of SuDS and an integrated approach to water management through measures such as rainwater harvesting.

Government response AI summary
The government details its commitment to an integrated approach to water management and highlights ongoing work, including a response to a consultation on water use, a £200m innovation programme to gather evidence on flood management (including SuDS), and a commissioned research project, deferring a clear …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
32 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

Working with natural processes is an important part of a holistic approach to flood risk...

Working with natural processes is an important part of a holistic approach to flood risk management. There are several initiatives that could serve as delivery vehicles for natural flood management, including the new Environmental Land Management scheme, and a catchment-based approach requires join-up between these policies to ensure that natural … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government accepts the recommendation, affirming its commitment to natural flood management by doubling nature-based solutions, using various funding programmes, and integrating it into the new Environmental Land Management scheme, with ongoing evaluations to influence future policy.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
33 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted in Part

The Government has been clear that paying farmers for measures such as floodwater storage forms...

The Government has been clear that paying farmers for measures such as floodwater storage forms a key part of its plans. Any measures which call on farmers and land managers to allow their land to be used in this way must ensure proper recognition for the public goods provided. The … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government committed to natural flood management, including doubling relevant projects and substantial investment. It affirmed its commitment to paying farmers for public goods under new schemes, with details being developed through stakeholder engagement and outlined in the Sustainable Farming Incentive, but did not specifically …
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
34 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Accepted

We have listened with great concern to evidence that local communities feel disengaged and ignored...

We have listened with great concern to evidence that local communities feel disengaged and ignored in decisions relevant to flood risk. It is clear that, where risk management authorities do engage with local people, this engagement is often not perceived as meaningful or impactful. Communities must not be treated as … Read more

Government response AI summary
The Government accepts the recommendation, committing to work with communities and the third sector to ensure meaningful community engagement in future local flood risk planning, and outlining how the Environment Agency will develop and share training resources for risk management authorities.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs
35 Recommendation Fourth Report - Flooding Not Addressed

The Government should review the institutional arrangements for community engagement in flood risk management, to...

The Government should review the institutional arrangements for community engagement in flood risk management, to identify best practice and opportunities for more effective approaches. The Government should also commit to ensuring that risk management authorities are resourced and supported to carry out meaningful engagement, including making funding available to the … Read more

Government response AI summary
The government's provided response text is identical to another committee recommendation (ID 20976) and does not address the specific recommendation about reviewing community engagement institutional arrangements or resourcing for risk management authorities and the voluntary sector.
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Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs

Oral evidence sessions

3 sessions
Date Witnesses
3 Dec 2020 David Cooper · Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs, George Eustice · Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, The Lord Greenhalgh · Ministry of Housing and Local Government View ↗
20 Oct 2020 Ali Morse · Blueprint for Water, James Richardson · National Infrastructure Commission, Richard Bramley · National Farmers Union (NFU), Richard Dawson · Committee on Climate Change, Rob Wesley · Water UK View ↗
14 Jul 2020 Emma Howard Boyd · Environment Agency, John Curtin · Environment Agency, Sir James Bevan · Environment Agency View ↗

Who gave evidence

11 witnesses
WitnessOrganisationSessions
Ali Morse · Acting Chair Blueprint for Water 1
David Cooper · Deputy Director, Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk M… Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs 1
Emma Howard Boyd · Chair Environment Agency 1
George Eustice · Secretary of State Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 1
James Richardson · Chief Economist National Infrastructure Commission 1
John Curtin · Executive Director of Flood and Coastal Risk Mana… Environment Agency 1
Richard Bramley · Environment Forum Chair National Farmers Union (NFU) 1
Richard Dawson · Adaptation Committee Committee on Climate Change 1
Rob Wesley · Head of Policy Water UK 1
Sir James Bevan · Chief Executive Environment Agency 1
The Lord Greenhalgh · Minister of State Ministry of Housing and Local Government 1

Correspondence

1 letter
DateDirectionTitle
2 Sep 2020 Correspondence from the Environment Agency regarding Flooding, 3 August 2020

Meetings & visits

1 item
DateTypeDetail
1 Sep 2020 Formal meeting Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Committee · The Thatcher Room, Portcullis House