Source · IMB Annual Report
South and West short term holding facilities
AI-generated report summary This IMB report details monitoring of multiple Short-Term Holding Facilities (STHFs) in the South and West region for the year ending January 2025. Key concerns include inconsistent access to detention records, inadequate healthcare arrangements, and persistent facility issues such as heating and hot water, alongside varied provision of hot food. While the Board notes positive engagement from Border Force staff and some improvements in record-keeping, it highlights areas requiring urgent attention to ensure humane treatment and effective oversight of detained individuals.
Year: 2025
Published: 8 Jul 2025
Type: Prison · Cat STHF
Population: 441
Recommendations: 6
Key concerns
Positive findings
Safety statistics
| Indicator | This year | Previous |
|---|---|---|
| Deaths in custody | 0 | — |
| Self-harm incidents | 0 | — |
| Prisoner assaults | 0 | — |
| Assaults on staff | 0 | — |
| Use of force | 2 | — |
Positive findings
AI-generated summaryThe Board acknowledges the swift action by Border Force (BF) staff in addressing issues and prioritising the welfare of detained children. BF staff generally treated passengers with respect and courtesy. There was notable improvement in record-keeping at Bristol Airport due to internal audit. The IMB also noted improved contact with BF, leading to more face-to-face interviews with detained individuals, and some previous concerns regarding hot food provision and staffing levels at Bristol have seen improvements.
Key concerns
Our main concern this year was that BF have consistently failed to give the IMB access to detention records, primarily at Poole and Cardiff, which made it impossible to monitor effectively. We raised these concerns repeatedly.
We received no answers to our questions from July to December 2024. This was a matter of significant concern, as it prevented the IMB from monitoring effectively. It is still the case that we do not get prompt answers, although BF has retrospectively addressed most concerns.
In addition to being notified about planned and spontaneous Use of Force, we asked BF to provide information about the Use of Force against detained people as part of the monthly data sheet. This was not provided and therefore prevented us from monitoring this important area effectively. We were not notified about the one incident of Use of Force with a non-compliant detained person.
The facilities where detained people are held were sufficient except:
• At Poole, where the absence of heating was a long-term issue that needed addressing.
• At Portsmouth, where issues with failures to provide hot water and soap were a frequent occurrence and compromised the health and safety of detained people.
• At Bristol, where the inadequate arrangement for storing bedding was an issue.
During the year, the inability to provide hot food and drinks at all sites, and for protracted periods at some sites, was a concern for the IMB. All locations were able to serve snacks and cold drinks throughout, but the IMB are of the opinion that hot food and hot drinks should be available at all STHFs, especially as some detained people may have had a long and arduous journey and may be detained for a lengthy period.
The expansion in passenger numbers at Bristol Airport will impact on the capacity of the detention facilities, and the IMB was not reassured this would be addressed.
The Disability Access Reviews, which took place during 2023/24, identified deficiencies at all sites. However, of those, the report indicated where facilities were not required to meet current regulations. The IMB will draw attention to conditions that are considered detrimental to those detained, whether or not the organisation is required to meet current regulations.
The arrangements for assessment and treatment of health conditions at all sites is inadequate. The main issue has been that detained people who are holding any form of medication have this taken away from them and often, although BF are prompt to seek advice, they are not allowed to take the medication. This potentially can have an impact on someone’s health.
We were concerned that staffing levels, particularly at Bristol Airport, were sometimes insufficient to allow detained people to be transferred to the more comfortable STHF from the CWA. We have noted an improvement although staffing levels at weekends seem less flexible.
We were concerned that children had to sometimes wait for a considerable time in detention waiting for Social Services to attend. This year we found that the range of time waiting, between Social Services being called and arriving, ranged between less than two hours and over six hours. There was still room for improvement.
We were concerned that detention records were often incomplete or inaccurate. There has been some improvement in the accuracy of record keeping, but there were still occasions when key information was missing.
We noted that detained people were waiting for transport provided by Mitie Care & Custody (the company contracted to provide transport to other immigration detention facilities) or Clearsprings (the Government provider responsible for organising transfers between detention facilities and asylum accommodation) often led to extended detention times.
Recommendations
Ensure that the capacity of detention facilities keeps pace with the expansion in passenger numbers at Bristol Airport.
Government response
Border Force has not accepted this recommendation as there are no current definitive plans in place for Bristol’s expansion. However, Border Force will engage with the port operator during any significant port expansion projects to discuss any operational needs and requirements based on these standards. Border Force has a comprehensive set of infrastructure standards to define the capabilities, features and legal requirements that are necessary to uphold the UK border. These standards have been developed in collaboration with stakeholders across the government and set out the standards and requirements for border infrastructure and facilities at ports. This includes the standards for STHFs.
Recommendation 2
Ensure that the IMB has full access to detentions records so we can monitor effectively.
Government response
Border Force partially accepts this recommendation, as the IMB has been granted access to relevant detention records only, rather than the full access that was requested. Action taken: All interactions and observations made whilst a person is detained in an STHF should be noted on their detention record. Currently, all detention paperwork at BF led facilities is held in paper format. With the introduction of electronic case files, IMB members will continue to have access to relevant detention records, in accordance with Rule 52(3) from the Short-Term Holding Facility Rules (2018) rather than full details of each case. Planned: Border Force has incorporated previous feedback from the IMB and is designing a new suite of detention record documents to better align with contractor managed facilities. Once the final draft is ready, constructive feedback from IMB Board Chairs will be welcomed before piloting the new process at a few BF managed facilities.
Recommendation 3
Rota reports are they responded to promptly and concerns raised by the IMB are addressed.
Government response
Action taken: Border Force have dedicated additional resource centrally to co-ordinate responses to rota reports. Planned: A standard operating process for responding to rota reports has been drafted for agreement, to ensure fully rounded responses are provided by the right person / team in a timely manner.
Recommendation 4
Ensure that the recording of children’s detention fully reflects the individual child’s treatment.
Government response
Detention records are completed on all detained persons, including children, with observations recorded. Action taken: Border Force captures vulnerabilities and protected characteristics within the induction process. Children’s wellbeing and case progression is reviewed every 2 hours. Addressing vulnerability is business as usual, with specialist safeguarding expertise available. The published Home Office detention policy is clear that any detention involving children must be for as short a period as possible, with the child’s best interests being the overriding consideration. These best interests are frequently driven by the complexity of safeguarding checks. Planned: Border Force has incorporated previous feedback from the IMB and is designing a new suite of detention record documents to more accurately capture and address the needs of individual children. Once the final draft is ready, constructive feedback from IMB Board Chairs will be welcomed before piloting the new process at a few BF managed facilities.
Recommendation 5
Provide use of force statistics as part of the monthly data return to the Board.
Government response
There is no requirement under the current IMB/BF Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) and Data Sharing Agreement (DSA) to share use of force (UoF) data monthly, as the emphasis remains on immediate, incident-based reporting to preserve the integrity and timeliness of oversight. As agreed in the MoU, Border Force will continue to make arrangements to ensure the Chair, or another designated member of the relevant Board, is notified without delay of any UoF that has resulted in injury and/or use of force beyond compliant handcuffing in accordance with Rule 36 of the Short-term Holding Facility Rules 2018. Ports have been reminded when to inform IMB of any relevant incidents (including Use of Force). Border Force are looking to have discussions with IMB to understand their interpretation of what UoF records they should have access to (above what is in the MoU), and how we can work together to achieve an acceptable agreement for both parties on what is shared and when.
Recommendation 6
Confirm that, at Portsmouth, hot food/drinks can now be served?
Government response
The Short-Term Holding Facility Rules (2018) require that light refreshments and snack foods are provided in holding rooms. Border Force adheres to this statutory obligation under the STHF rules but continues to review and improve detention facilities in order to provide additional (non-statutory) requirements such as hot meals (not just snacks). Whilst we do not accept this recommendation, Border Force will continue to explore options for hot food provisions at Portsmouth STHF with the port operator to establish if a suitable location can be found, as there is no space within the existing STHF to enable hot food to be served.
Other reports for South and West short term holding facilities
· Concerns