About this page. This page summarises a Domestic Homicide Review published in the Home Office DHR Library. The full report is available at the source link below. Victim and perpetrator names are not included in extracted summaries on this page.
Source · Domestic Homicide Review

West Lancashire review

CSP: West Lancashire Published: November 2024 Year of death: 2021 Extracted: 33 recs

Statutory domestic homicide review under section 9 of the Domestic Violence, Crime and Victims Act 2004. Source: Home Office DHR Library.

Original review (PDF) ↗ Source: Home Office DHR Library

Summary AI-generated

Verify against the full report at the source link
The review identified challenges in inter-agency information sharing and follow-up, inconsistent victim engagement, and missed opportunities to assess risk, particularly concerning the links between domestic abuse, complex health needs, social isolation, and suicidal ideation. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on service delivery and victim vulnerability was also noted.

Home Office classifications

36 tags

Source-supplied classifications used by the Home Office to catalogue this review.

  • Victim - alcohol misuse
  • Victim - substance misuse
  • Victim - mental ill health
  • Victim - anxiety
  • Victim - depression
  • Victim - panic attacks
  • Victim - suicidal thoughts
  • Victim - suicide attempts
  • Victim - had been a victim of an abuser before
  • Victim - referred to marac at any time
  • Victim - case heard at marac before homicide
  • Perpetrator - known to agencies as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Perpetrator - known to police as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Perpetrator - known to social services as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Perpetrator - known to health services as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Perpetrator - known to mental health services as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Perpetrator - known to idva or other domestic abuse support service as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Perpetrator - known to housing services as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Perpetrator - known to others as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Perpetrator - known to friends as a domestic abuse perpetrator
  • Aggravating factors - separation
  • Aggravating factors - coercive or controlling behaviour
  • Aggravating factors - sexual abuse
  • Aggravating factors - psychological or emotional abuse
  • Aggravating factors - physical abuse
  • DHR process - police recommendations
  • DHR process - health services recommendations
  • DHR process - idva or other domestic abuse support service recommendations
  • DHR process - housing services recommendations
  • DHR process - community safety partnership recommendations
  • DHR process - identification of risk recommendation themes
  • DHR process - training recommendation themes
  • DHR process - policy recommendation themes
  • DHR process - multi agency working recommendation themes
  • DHR process - awareness raising recommendation themes
  • DHR process - other recommendation themes

Extracted recommendations

33 recommendations pulled from the report · 24 matched to organisations in the index

Recommendation 1

Addressed to Lancashire Constabulary | West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership | Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults | NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board | Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust | Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust | Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust | Lancashire Victim Support | The Liberty Centre | North West Ambulance Service | Lancashire County Council - Intermediate Care Allocation Team | Lancashire County Council – Re-enablemen

West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership (WLCSP) encourages all agencies that have formed a part of this Panel to seek out training and education opportunities to become 'trauma informed' in their day-to-day practice and to develop a knowledge base and best practice procedures concerning the impact of Adverse Experiences on adult clients

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 2

Addressed to Lancashire Constabulary | West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership | Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults | NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board | Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust | Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust | Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust | Lancashire Victim Support | The Liberty Centre | North West Ambulance Service | Lancashire County Council - Intermediate Care Allocation Team | Lancashire County Council – Re-enablemen

WLCSP encourages all agencies that have formed part of this Panel to consider developing policies and practices to achieve a standard of ‘Trauma Informed Practice’ in the delivery of their service to reflect the ambition of the LVRN

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 3

Addressed to Lancashire Constabulary | West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership | Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults | NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board | Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust | Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust | Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust | Lancashire Victim Support | The Liberty Centre | North West Ambulance Service | Lancashire County Council - Intermediate Care Allocation Team | Lancashire County Council – Re-enablemen

WLCSP encourages all agencies that have formed part of this Panel to appoint a specific point of contact to report back to WLCSP on progress against the implementation of the above 'trauma informed' recommendations.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 4

Addressed to West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership

WLCSP to share the 'suicidal ideation' learning opportunity for suicide prevention with all agencies that have formed part of this Panel, Lancashire and South Cumbria Health and Care Partnership: Start the conversation (healthierlsc.co.uk)

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 5

Addressed to West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership

To share this (action 4) learning opportunity with the pan-Lancashire DHR Task and Finish Group, in order to encourage services to consider the possible links between 'suicidal ideation' and Domestic Abuse as part of the intelligence gathering process to identify “victim suicides” who should be considered for the DHR process. Lancashire and South Cumbria Health and Care Partnership:: Suicide prevention (healthierlsc.co.uk)

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 6

Addressed to Lancashire Constabulary | West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership | Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults | NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board | Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust | Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust | Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust | Lancashire Victim Support | The Liberty Centre | North West Ambulance Service | Lancashire County Council - Intermediate Care Allocation Team | Lancashire County Council – Re-enablemen

WLCSP to encourage all agencies that have formed part of this Panel to ensure a process is in place to identify domestic abuse victim suicides and ensure they are considered for a DHR

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 7

Addressed to West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership

WLCSP to share this learning opportunity with the Lancashire Domestic Abuse Board and request they consider the findings of the Home Office Report with the aim of developing an assessment process that identifies any risk of victim suicide, i.e., where coercion and control (and according to the evidence – non-fatal strangulation) are present in the case they are reviewing

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 8

Addressed to Lancashire Constabulary | Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner

WLCSP to share the learning from this DHR review with Lancashire Constabulary and the Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner (OPCC) so that they may jointly consider the most appropriate Domestic Abuse Risk Assessment tool for improved risk identification

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 9

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board | Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust | Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust

WLCSP to encourage all agencies that have formed part of this Panel to consider the evaluation of the Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust IDVA service and to encourage the relevant partners, to build a case for replicating this good practice and expanding and/or enhancing the provision of specialist hospital based IDVA services where appropriate

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 10

Addressed to Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner | NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board

WLCSP shares this learning with the Office of the Police and Crime Commissioner and health Sector commissioning services in Lancashire, including the NHS Integrated Care Board, so that they may explore the feasibility of developing an operating procedure to allow the co-location of these services within hospital based IDVA services

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 11

Addressed to West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership

WLCSP to share the research undertaken by Safe Lives and Gentoo examining the role of housing providers in helping victims of domestic abuse with the WLBC Housing Service.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 12

Addressed to Lancashire Constabulary | West Lancashire Community Safety Partnership | Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults | NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board | Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust | Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust | Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust | Lancashire Victim Support | The Liberty Centre | North West Ambulance Service | Lancashire County Council - Intermediate Care Allocation Team | Lancashire County Council – Re-enablemen

WLCSP to seek assurance from all partner agencies that have formed part of this Panel, that front line staff in all agencies are trained to recognise the indicators of domestic abuse and to ask relevant questions that enable people to feel safe to disclose their past or current experiences of such abuse and to know how to signpost victims of domestic abuse for suitable support.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 13

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board

WLCSP to request the NHS Lancashire Integrated Care Board West Lancashire locality re-emphasise and promote awareness of the safeguarding duty of independent clinical practitioners.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 14

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board | Lancashire Constabulary

WLCSP to seek assurance from General Practice and the MARAC, that the template currently used to share MARAC information with General Practice, is effective and efficient; If areas of improvement are identified, to construct a means to deliver these changes.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 15

Addressed to West Lancashire Borough Council Housing Team

West Lancashire Borough Council to ensure that information is available, to ensure tenants are aware to contact the Council, if they have problems when maintenance jobs are undertaken at their property.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 16

Addressed to West Lancashire Borough Council Housing Team

WLBC Housing Services to encourage its maintenance contractors to make Housing staff aware of situations where they know or believe there is DA or a vulnerable adult.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 17

Addressed to Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults

Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Team to have a system in place, to support safeguarding staff, who have concerns there is an increased risk to an individual, linked to their reluctance to engage with professionals.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 18

Addressed to Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults

WLCSP to seek assurance that Telecare referrals are not closed down if the service user did not answer a phone call particularly when poor telephone connection was the reason for the referral in the first place.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 19

Addressed to Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults | Lancashire Constabulary

WLCSP to seek assurance from MARAC that the Lancashire Safeguarding team are aware of all MARAC meetings and are provided with the details of all those to be discussed at each meeting

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 20

Addressed to Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust | Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults

WLCSP to seek assurances that prompt contact is made between with Wrightington Wigan and Leigh Hospital and the Safeguarding Team

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 21

Addressed to Lancashire County Council Safeguarding Adults

WLCSP to seek assurances that formal COVID written risk assessments should be recorded prior to all LCC Safeguarding visits during present COVID risks.

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 22

Addressed to Lancashire Constabulary

WLCSP to seek assurances that MARAC actions are being completed within the timescales agreed or are being followed up in a timely manner of not

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 23

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board

WLCSP to seek assurances through the ICB that all GP Practices operating within West Lancashire are reminded of key points which are already recommended practice. To include the following: Read coding and recording Dealing with incoming letters Dealing with non- attendances by adults with care and support needs (the “vulnerable”) The “Think Family” approach

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 24

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board

NHS Integrated Care Board to consider providing staff West Lancashire Primary Care staff with bespoke DA update training that sits alongside the standard safeguarding update training

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 25

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board

WLCSP to seek assurances that the process to ensure timely escalation of safeguarding concerns from other agencies, via letters are shared with GP leads via Practice administration staff regarding safeguarding risks/ vulnerability and DA

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 26

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board

WLCSP to seek assurances from the NHS Integrated Care Board that the follow up of patients where there is a lack of engagement with services and where vulnerability is a feature is inherent within its policy

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 27

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board

NHS Integrated Care Board (West Lancashire locality) to Develop a DA Grab pack which will be circulated to Primary Care services

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 28

Addressed to NHS Lancashire and South Cumbria Integrated Care Board

NHS Integrated Care Board to share the lessons learned from the DHR with the individual practices across Lancashire and South Cumbria Primary Care Networks

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 29

Addressed to Wrightington, Wigan and Leigh NHS Trust

WWLFT to consider how to raise staff awareness of how to facilitate the reporting of a crime following a patient's disclosure

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 30

Addressed to Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust

Southport and Ormskirk Hospital Trust to reinforce to staff the Importance of completion of the safeguarding questions in A&E and highlight this through safeguarding training

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 31

Addressed to Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust

Southport and Ormskirk Hospital Trust to seek assurances that the Provider Enquiry Report is completed and returned to Sefton Local Authority due to concerns regarding errors in reinstating a package of care

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 32

Addressed to Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust

West Lancashire Home Treatment Team to ensure that staff involved in the care of the service user have completed clinical risk training

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗

Recommendation 33

Addressed to Lancashire and South Cumbria NHS Foundation Trust

Completion of an audit by West Lancashire Home Treatment Team that focusses on the quality of risk assessments, with necessary further actions taken should there be evidence of further concerns in this regard

Verified wording from the published review · Original review (PDF) ↗