NHS Litigation Authority Improvement of risk management
Mid Staffs Inquiry · Report of the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Inquiry · Issued 6 February 2013
Source — verbatim from the inquiry
●Inquiry recommendation
The NHS Litigation Authority should introduce requirements with regard to observance of the guidance to be produced in relation to staffing levels, and require trusts to have regard to evidence-based guidance and benchmarks where these exist and to demonstrate that effective risk assessments take place when changes to the numbers or skills of staff are under consideration. It should also consider how more outcome based standards could be designed to enhance the prospect of exploring deficiences in risk management, such as occurred at the Trust.
Mid Staffs Inquiry, Report of the Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust Public Inquiry · 6 Feb 2013 Source PDF →
Published evidence summary
Publicly available evidence relating to this recommendation:
- NHS Resolution's maternity incentive scheme (MIS) includes safety actions related to safe staffing. Year 6 (2024-25) requires trusts to demonstrate they have effective workforce planning processes and that they can evidence how staffing decisions take account of acuity and activity (CNST Maternity Incentive Scheme Year 6, NHS Resolution).
- NHS England published the Developing Workforce Safeguards framework (October 2018), which requires all NHS trusts to use evidence-based tools, professional judgement, and outcomes data to inform staffing decisions. CQC uses the Developing Workforce Safeguards as a reference point when assessing staffing under the well-led framework (Developing Workforce Safeguards, NHS England, October 2018).
- The NHS Standard Contract requires providers to maintain adequate staffing levels to deliver safe care and comply with CQC fundamental standards. Regulation 18 of the Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Regulated Activities) Regulations 2014 requires sufficient numbers of suitably qualified, competent, skilled and experienced staff to meet care needs (SI 2014/2936, Regulation 18).
Response — verbatim from government
●Department of Health and Social Care
The government published "Hard Truths: the Journey to Putting Patients First" (Cm 8777) on 19 November 2013, responding to all 290 recommendations of the Francis Report. This followed an initial response "Patients First and Foremost" in March 2013. Key reforms included a new Chief Inspector of Hospitals, strengthened Care Quality Commission inspection regime, a statutory duty of candour, and the fit and proper person test for NHS directors. Volume 2 (Cm 8754) contains the government's detailed responses to each of the 290 recommendations. See: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5a7cd486ed915d63cc65d167/34658_Cm_8777_Vol_1_accessible.pdf
Department of Health and Social Care · 19 Nov 2013 Written response →
Evidence trail — what's actually happened since
- 6 Feb 2023 · Academic Review - Ten Years After Francis Research published 2023 marking ten years since the Francis Report found mixed results. Structural and legislative changes largely delivered (duty of candour, FPPR, CQC overhaul, revalidation, Freedom to Speak Up Guardians). However, cultural change not fully embedded; understaffing, fear of speaking up, and poor complaint handling persist in parts of the NHS. View source → Reasonable Progress
- 11 Feb 2015 · UK Government - Culture Change in the NHS Government published "Culture Change in the NHS" (Cm 9009) reporting progress on all 290 recommendations. Key achievements: 19 hospitals placed in special measures; those trusts recruited 109 additional doctors and 1,805 additional nurses; 129 board-level changes made; excess avoidable deaths fell by 450 in less than a year. View source → Good Progress
- 15 Jul 2014 · NICE - Safe Staffing Guidance SG1 NICE published "Safe staffing for nursing in adult inpatient wards in acute hospitals" (SG1) on 15 July 2014. Evidence showed increased risk when registered nurse cares for >8 patients. Red flag: fewer than 2 RNs on any ward during any shift. However, NICE's broader safe staffing programme was controversially halted in June 2015 by NHS England. No mandatory nurse-to-patient ratios introduced in England (unlike Wales). View source → Reasonable Progress
- 19 Nov 2013 · UK Government - Hard Truths Vol 1 & 2 Government published "Hard Truths: The Journey to Putting Patients First" (Cm 8777) in two volumes. Vol 1 set out new actions; Vol 2 provided detailed response to each of the 290 recommendations. Approximately 204 of 290 recommendations were fully accepted. View source → Good Progress
Each entry above links to a primary source — gov.uk written statement, consultation response document, or inspection report. The Index does not characterise government intent; it tracks what has been published.
How this page is built
Source and Response are verbatim from primary documents. The Evidence trail records published activity since — written statements, consultation outcomes, inspection findings, parliamentary references. The Index does not paraphrase or characterise intent; it tracks what has been published. Where the evidence is the absence of action (a missed deadline, a slipped timetable), that absence is documented from primary sources rather than inferred.
This recommendation's data is verified periodically against primary sources. The Index is monitored for staleness weekly.