IHRD-1

Statutory Duty of Candour

Hyponatraemia Inquiry · Report of the Inquiry into Hyponatraemia-related Deaths · Issued 31 January 2018 · Addressed to: Northern Ireland Executive

Government responseDepartment of Health NI: Accepted (Mar 2021)

DeliveryDepartment of Health NI says in progress (Sep 2025)Department of Health (Northern Ireland) says in progress (Oct 2022)

Recommendation, verbatim from the inquiry

●Inquiry recommendation

A statutory duty of candour should now be enacted in Northern Ireland so that: (i) Every healthcare organisation and everyone working for them must be open and honest in all their dealings with patients and the public. (ii) Where death or serious harm has been or may have been caused to a patient by an act or omission of the organisation or its staff, the patient (or duly authorised representative) should be informed of the incident and given a full and honest explanation of the circumstances. (iii) Full and honest answers must be given to any question reasonably asked about treatment by a patient (or duly authorised representative). (iv) Any statement made to a regulator or other individual acting pursuant to statutory duty must be truthful and not misleading by omission. (v) Any public statement made by a healthcare organisation about its performance must be truthful and not misleading by omission. (vi) Healthcare organisations who believe or suspect that treatment or care provided by it, has caused death or serious injury to a patient, must inform that patient (or duly authorised representative) as soon as is practicable and provide a full and honest explanation of the circumstances. (vii) Registered clinicians and other registered healthcare professionals, who believe or suspect that treatment or care provided to a patient by or on behalf of any healthcare organisation by which they are employed has caused death or serious injury to the patient, must report their belief or suspicion to their employer as soon as is reasonably practicable.

Hyponatraemia Inquiry, Report of the Inquiry into Hyponatraemia-related Deaths · 31 Jan 2018 Source PDF →

Published evidence summary

AI-generated evidence summary

The Inquiry recommended introducing a statutory duty of candour for healthcare organisations and their staff. In September 2025, Mike Nesbitt, the Minister of Health, stated that officials had been tasked with developing a bill creating an organisational duty of candour during the mandate, while an individual duty was not mentioned (Mike Nesbitt, Sep 2025). In September 2024, the Minister stated that options for Northern Ireland would take account of wider discussions across the United Kingdom following the Infected Blood Inquiry (Mike Nesbitt, Sep 2024). In June 2024, the Minister stated that he was unsure whether imposing a statutory duty on individuals was the best mechanism to encourage honest reporting (Mike Nesbitt, Jun 2024).

Sources

Mike Nesbitt, Sep 2025
Mike Nesbitt, Sep 2024
Mike Nesbitt, Jun 2024

AI-generated summary of the record on this page, checked by a second model and automatic checks, 1 Oct 2026.

Report-level response context

The Minister of Health accepted all 96 recommendations together, in one sentence of a written statement to the Northern Ireland Assembly on 25 March 2021. That sentence is not a response to any one recommendation alone, and the Department of Health published no response to each recommendation. The Department's statements of 31 January, 2 February and 30 March 2018 contain no acceptance of the recommendations.

Government response

●Department of Health NI · Accepted · 25 Mar 2021

Words of: Mr Swann, Minister of Health, written ministerial statement to the Northern Ireland Assembly, 25 March 2021

My Department accepts the recommendations of the O'Hara Report in their entirety.

Extract from: Department of Health - Inquiry into Hyponatraemia Related Deaths (IHRD) Implementation Programme Update

Delivery

●Department of Health NI says in progress · 18 Sep 2025

I have previously made clear my support for an Organisational Duty of Candour in Northern Ireland, aligned with the statutory frameworks already in place across other UK jurisdictions. This would place a legal obligation on health and social care organisations to act with honesty and transparency when things go wrong, and to ensure that patients and families are informed promptly, compassionately, and accurately. I have considered the feedback from the Being Open / Duty of Candour consultation that ended in March of this year, and there was clear support for such alignment in Northern Ireland regarding Organisational Duty of Candour. I want to bring this legislation forward as soon as possible and I have tasked officials with developing a Bill - targeting this mandate. This approach reflects our shared ambition to further embed a culture of openness and learning, while ensuring alignment with the rest of the UK.

From: Department of Health Proposals on a Duty of Candour Bill for Northern Ireland, Mike Nesbitt, Minister of Health (Northern Ireland)

●Department of Health (Northern Ireland) says in progress · 28 Oct 2022

Officials are also carrying out further study on how a duty of candour might work in practice, including additional analysis of the impact of such a duty on the health and care service, both legally, and in workforce terms.

From: IHRD Implementation Programme Update - Departmental Statement October 2022 (document heading: Update from the Department of Health on the implementation of the report of the Inquiry into Hyponatraemia-related Deaths)

Site note: These words are from the Department of Health's document linked on this page. The Department's website asks automated tools not to fetch its document files directly, so the site cites the page that links the document.

Earlier statements on delivery (0)

●Department of Health NI · 11 Nov 2024

While the duty of candour is under review throughout the UK, I am not content for Northern Ireland to remain an outlier on the organisational front. It is certainly important that I continue to take account of the experience and effectiveness of the duty in the rest of the United Kingdom over the coming months, but I do not want that to unduly delay progress. In principle, I repeat that I support the implementation of an organisational duty in Northern Ireland and expect to make a firmer commitment to its implementation following the outcome of the forthcoming consultation on the Being Open framework. I am optimistic about what we can achieve before the end of the Assembly mandate and the momentum that exists across the system on the issue. It is something that I very much welcome. I look forward to updating the Assembly again, following consideration of the Being Open framework consultation, on the next steps for that work and on the duty of candour issue more broadly in Northern Ireland.

From: Official Report (Hansard), Monday 11 November 2024: Private Members' Business, Statutory Duty of Candour, Mike Nesbitt, Minister of Health (Northern Ireland)

Site note: From the Minister's speech in the Assembly debate of 11 November 2024 on a motion calling for statutory organisational and individual duties of candour. The site places the passage on this recommendation, the statutory duty of candour; the speech does not give it a number.

●Department of Health NI · 26 Sep 2024

I have said previously that I am in favour of every individual working in public service being honest and candid when people suffer unnecessary harm, whether physical, mental or psychological. That is my desired outcome. The question becomes how to create a regime that minimises the chill factor that deters individuals from being candid and maximises their willingness and responsibility to engage in an honest review of what went wrong. In addition to the related recommendations set out in the IHRD Inquiry, the Infected Blood Inquiry report, which was published in May 2024 and extends UK-wide, has made recommendations in relation to individual duties of candour – with consideration to extend these beyond healthcare. Further, the King’s Speech (July 2024) sets out a commitment to implement legislation introducing a duty of candour in the wake of the Hillsborough football stadium disaster. My officials are linked into discussions with counterparts in England, Scotland and Wales to consider these developments, which remain delicate and complex matters. Options regarding next steps for Northern Ireland in relation to duty of candour will also take account of these discussions, and of related timeframes which remain under consideration.

From: AQW 14946/22-27 (Northern Ireland Assembly written question: update on the Hyponatraemia Inquiry recommendations and an individual duty of candour), Mike Nesbitt, Minister of Health (Northern Ireland)

●Department of Health NI · 10 Jun 2024

I thank the Member for his question, but I do not agree with his description of copping out. What I am interested in is how best we encourage individuals who work in Health and Social Care to be absolutely honest about what happens when things go wrong. Is that by placing a statutory duty of candour on an individual? I am not sure that it is. It is the outcome that I am focused on; I am not yet clear about the mechanism by which to get there.

From: Official Report (Hansard), Monday 10 June 2024: Duty of Candour: Individual or Organisational (AQT 374/22-27), Mike Nesbitt, Minister of Health (Northern Ireland)

Site note: The Minister's answer to a topical question that asked about "an individual duty of candour, which was one the key recommendations from Justice O'Hara's inquiry". The recommendation asks for a statutory duty on every healthcare organisation and everyone working for them.

How this page is built

The recommendation and the government responses are verbatim from primary documents. Delivery statements and other bodies' findings are shown in their own words, each with its source. The summary is written by this site and labelled as such. The Index does not paraphrase sources or characterise intent; it records what has been published.