15 Accepted in Part

New comprehensive use of force detention services order

Brook House Inquiry · The Brook House Inquiry Report · Issued 19 September 2023 · Addressed to: Home Office

Source — verbatim from the inquiry

Inquiry recommendation

The Home Office must introduce, as a matter of urgency, a new and comprehensive detention services order to address use of force in immigration removal centres. The detention services order must include the following issues: the permissible justifications for the use of force within immigration removal centres, based on the key principle that force must not be used unnecessarily and must be used only as a last resort; the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), including that it must be subject to a dynamic risk assessment before and during any use of force incident; the protection of dignity when force is used on a naked or near-naked detained person; the circumstances in which force can be used against a detained person with mental ill health; and monitoring, oversight and reporting of use of force by contractors and by the Home Office. The Home Office must ensure that training about the application of the new detention services order and use of force techniques takes place on a regular (at least annual) basis for all detention staff as well as healthcare staff. Attendance must be mandatory for all staff working in immigration removal centres and those responsible for managing them. The training must be subject to an assessment. In anticipation of a new detention services order on the use of force in immigration detention, the Home Office must issue an immediate instruction to its contractors managing immigration removal centres that force must be used only as a last resort, using approved techniques.

Brook House Inquiry, The Brook House Inquiry Report · 19 Sep 2023 Source PDF →

Published evidence summary

Publicly available evidence relating to this recommendation:

- In March 2024, the Home Office stated that a new DSO on use of force was being developed in consultation with experts, alongside an overhaul of assurance processes and a new escalation system (Government Response to the Brook House Inquiry, Home Office, March 2024).
- In December 2025, DSO 11/2025 (Use of Force for Adults in Detention) was published, covering: permissible justifications; a RAG rating system for all incidents assessed within 72–96 hours; mandatory body-worn cameras throughout all incidents; monthly oversight committees at all IRCs including IMB representatives; and annual 8-hour refresher training with exclusion from detainee-facing duties for non-completion (Detention Services Order 11/2025, Home Office, 19 December 2025).
- DSO 11/2025 was enacted under Section 44 of the Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025, providing a statutory footing for use of force standards in immigration detention (Border Security, Asylum and Immigration Act 2025, s.44).

Response — verbatim from government

Home Office

A new Detention Services Order on use of force is being developed in consultation with experts, alongside an overhaul of assurance processes and a new escalation system.

Home Office · 19 Mar 2024 Written response →

Evidence trail — what's actually happened since

  • 14 Jan 2025 Angela Eagle, Written PQ 23170 (15 January 2025): 'On track for closure by summer 2025.' Source →
  • 3 Sep 2025 · HM Inspectorate of Prisons Staffing levels and capability strengthened with lower attrition rates and more visible frontline management. Training on "Monitor, Challenge and Support" process implemented. View source → Good Progress
  • 19 Sep 2024 · Brook House Inquiry Chair Inquiry Chair Kate Eves described government response as "inadequate" and called for a "reset" with the new government. Warned abuse "becomes a question of when, not if" it happens again. Insufficient Progress

Each entry above links to a primary source — gov.uk written statement, consultation response document, or inspection report. The Index does not characterise government intent; it tracks what has been published.

How this page is built

Source and Response are verbatim from primary documents. The Evidence trail records published activity since — written statements, consultation outcomes, inspection findings, parliamentary references. The Index does not paraphrase or characterise intent; it tracks what has been published. Where the evidence is the absence of action (a missed deadline, a slipped timetable), that absence is documented from primary sources rather than inferred.

This recommendation's data is verified periodically against primary sources. The Index is monitored for staleness weekly.