Source · Prevention of Future Deaths
Anthony Hughes
Ref: 2013-0352
Date: 9 Dec 2013
Coroner: Andre Rebello
Area: Liverpool
Responses identified: 0 / 1
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Police officers lacked awareness of "excited delirium," suggesting that training on this condition could improve responses in future incidents, despite appropriate actions in the specific case.
Date
9 Dec 2013
56-day deadline
3 Feb 2014
Responses identified
0 of 1
Coroner's concerns
Police officers lacked awareness of "excited delirium," suggesting that training on this condition could improve responses in future incidents, despite appropriate actions in the specific case.
View full coroner's concerns
During the course of this inquest; though there is no criticism of the action of police officers (or paramedics) , it was apparent that police officers were unaware of the term excited delirium at the time of the incident. Coincidentally it was found that the officers acted in an appropriate manner given the presentation before them_ However; in different circumstances training with regard to awareness of excited delirium might make difference have now received evidence Merseyside Police
Report sections
Investigation and inquest
On 13th March 2012, commenced an investigation into the death of Antony HUGHES Aged 27 The investigation concluded at the end of the inquest on 9th December 2013. The conclusion of the inquest was la Cocaine Toxicity with Excited Delirium Mr Hughes died from a drug related death
Circumstances of the death
On Sunday 26th February 2012 Antony Hughes went with friends to London on occasion of Liverpool F.C. playing in the 2012 League final. He returned to Liverpool in the early hours of Tuesday 28th February 2012. During the trip he consumed large quantities of alcohol, cocaine and non-prescribed valium: The effects of the substances consumed had an adverse effect on his mental health which was witnessed by him stating that people were after him. During the early evening of the February 2012 he alighted from a taxi in Liverpool Road Huyton and was witnessed running in and out of the traffic on East Prescot Road. This behaviour alarmed members of the who contacted the emergency services Mr Hughes was unwell, paranoid and anxious and he entered the garden on] East Prescot Road, kicking at the door causing alarm to the occupants. Police officers attended and approached Mr Hughes_ He was apprehended and restrained by police officers to prevent harm to himself and to protect the public He was handcuffed behind his back initially face down. This was a fast moving dynamic incident involving a very agitated and unwell man: Despite the best efforts by the police officers to move him onto his side to an approximate recovery position; Mr Hughes was making involuntarily movements making it difficult to hold him in one position: An ambulance team arrived and assisted by police put him back into the recovery position to facilitate examination: Mr Hughes was moved t0 the ambulance where an attempt was made_to gain intravenous accessDuring_this attempt Mr Hughes the Cup - 28"n public the suffered an arrest Cardio-respiratory resuscitation was commenced and Mr Hughes was appropriately rushed to the Royal Liverpool University Hospital Emergency department where advanced life support was available. In spite continuation of resuscitation efforts he was certified as having died at 20.53. Post mortem analysis of blood revealed Cocaine at 1.5 milligrams per litre_ Benzoylecgonine greater than 5 milligrams per litre, Diazepam at 0.080 milligrams per litre and desmethyldiazapam at 0.015 Milligrams per litre. There was no evidence of asphyxia and it is more likely than not Anthony Hughes was experiencing excited delirium as a result of cocaine use His paranoid and agitated stressful state is more likely than not to have elevated catecholamine levels which are likely to have exacerbated the cardio-toxic affects of cocaine until exhaustion/containment calmed Mr Hughes down
Action should be taken
In my opinion action should be taken to prevent future deaths and believe you have the power to take such action:
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Report details
- Reference
- 2013-0352
- Date of report
- 9 December 2013
- Coroner
- Andre Rebello
- Coroner area
- Liverpool
Responses identified
Responses identified
0 of 1
1 response not yet linked
Organisations named in PFD reports are normally expected to respond within 56 days. Deadline: 3 Feb 2014.
Sent to
- National Crime Agency