Source · Select Committees · Public Accounts Committee
Recommendation 28
28
Accepted
Making Tax Digital increased VAT trader costs without demonstrating clear productivity improvements.
Conclusion
HMRC launched its flagship transformation programme Making Tax Digital (MTD) in 2015–16. MTD requires business taxpayers to use third–party software to keep and submit quarterly digital tax records with the aim of: reducing the amount of tax lost from taxpayers making avoidable or careless errors; helping businesses better understand their tax position; and reducing the burden of submitting tax returns.53 HMRC completed the roll–out of MTD for VAT in 2022. HMRC estimated that MTD had increased net costs for VAT traders by around £300 million over the period 2019–20 to 2023–24.54 It also estimated that tax revenue from VAT traders increased by almost £200 million in 2019–20 (at that point not all VAT traders were using MTD).55 There is no strong evidence to date to suggest productivity improvements for most VAT traders following the introduction of MTD.56 HMRC consider that the productivity of small businesses will benefit more generally from the process of digitalisation.57
Government Response Summary
The government states it has implemented the recommendation by conducting regular customer and user research to understand needs and perspectives, and by using this insight in its design processes and impact assessments.
Government Response
Accepted
HM Government
Accepted
5.1 The government agrees with the Committee’s recommendation. Recommendation implemented 5.2 HMRC conducts regular research with customers to understand their needs and perspectives. HMRC’s Government Social Researchers conduct qualitative and quantitative research, including nationally representative surveys, with thousands of customers each year. In 2024-25, HMRC delivered 18 commissioned and 15 in-house social research projects. Additionally, user research is a core activity of HMRC’s digital programmes. In 2024-25 HMRC conducted user research with 1,835 participants. Findings were used to inform design decisions on products and services. 5.3 HMRC currently uses customer and user insight as part of its end-to-end change lifecycle for designing new services or making changes to existing ones. This is a critical aspect of design to ensure the department builds solutions that address customer needs and a foundation for evaluating the impact of the service to identify areas of improvement or new opportunities for innovation. 5.4 As part of its business case process, HMRC assesses formal change against Customer Guardrails, a framework for ensuring customer needs are thoroughly considered. Evidence of identified customer needs, including assessment of impacts on customer costs and benefits, is then recorded through completion of an External Customer Impact Assessment document. This forms part of the documentation required by HMRC governance boards. 5.5 Customer impacts are published in the ‘Summary of Impacts’ section of Tax Information and Impact Notes (TIINs). Where a measure or policy change is driven by customer need, this can be set out in the ‘Background to measure’ or ‘Policy objective’ sections of a TIIN as appropriate.