Source · Select Committees · Public Accounts Committee
Recommendation 8
8
Nation states pose increasing risk of espionage and disruptive cyber attacks on essential services.
Conclusion
The Cabinet Office highlighted concerns about nation states’ intent to conduct espionage and disrupt essential services.8 It described a campaign of espionage by Russian military intelligence that involved stealing and leaking data, and defacing websites. The Cabinet Office considered disruptive cyber attacks to be an increasing risk. It gave the example of Volt Typhoon, a Chinese state–affiliated group, which had targeted US critical national infrastructure with the intention of disrupting essential services.9
Government Response
A response document is linked to this report, dated 18 September 2025. Response attribution to this conclusion has not been verified. Read the response document ↗