HMRC Standard Report 2022-23
Closed
What the inquiry looked at
“The Committee will examine the performance of HM Revenue & Customs in 2022-23, how it is being affected by the current economic conditions, and the progress it is making in tackling error and fraud. In January 2023, the Committee concluded that taxpayers and their agents were still not receiving an acceptable level of customer service and that the move to online services will not happen quickly. The Committee also concluded that research and development tax reliefs are costly, prone to abuse and provide questionable benefit to the UK economy. Based on the National Audit Office report on HMRC’s 2022-23 Accounts, the Committee will question HMRC’s senior officials on issues including: the organisation’s performance in collecting revenue and managing compliance; the main components of the £814 billion raised by HMRC in 2022-23; and HMRC’s customer service and debt management performance. If you have new evidence on these issues, please submit it here by 23:59 on Friday 20 October. Please have a look at the requirements for written evidence submissions and note the Committee cannot accept material as evidence that has been published elsewhere. Please note that the Committee is unable to investigate individual cases.”
The committee's words, from the inquiry page on parliament.uk ↗.
What it found
The overall level of customer service provided by HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) has reached an all-time low. We are disappointed that services have continued to deteriorate since our last report, with 62.7% of callers waiting more than 10 minutes to speak to an advisor, continuing five years of decline. The Committee received an unprecedented number of written submissions about HMRC’s performance, demonstrating the extent of taxpayers’ exasperation over the quality of services and the impact on businesses.
Fiscal drag and inflation have increased pressures on HMRC, at a time when it was already dealing with the consequences of the pandemic. As the taxpayer population increases, along with the complexity of their tax affairs, it looks like HMRC is struggling to cope. At £814.0 billion in 2022–23, tax revenues are at a record high, but HMRC still fell short of its compliance yield target.
Taxpayers typically want to do the right thing when it comes to paying tax, but HMRC has now resorted to closing customer support channels to prevent people from contacting it to sort out their tax affairs. It has not been given the resources it needs from HM Treasury to meet the service standards that customers expect. HMRC is too keen to point to the long road to digitisation as an excuse for poor services to customers now.
HMRC says it is committed to treating taxpayers fairly, but the judgements it makes on where to balance its resources can appear at odds with the risks it is managing. It has gone to great lengths to challenge people in the courts over their employment status, yet elsewhere the number of criminal prosecutions has dropped from 691 in 2019–20 to 240 in 2022–23. HMRC must be seen to pursue all forms of non-compliance sufficiently. It is only as a result of prompting by this Committee and the National Audit Office that it has uncovered the extent of error and fraud in research and development tax relief for small and medium-sized companies. Its latest estimate for 2020–21 is that error and fraud was £1.1 billion, three-times greater than it previously thought.
We acknowledge that HMRC is making progress in tackling the extent of money owed in unpaid taxes, but note it is still struggling to keep pace with the amount of work given an increasing tax burden and ongoing cost of living pressures. With so much to tackle and increasing use of private agents, it is important that taxpayers can contact HMRC if they feel they are treated unfairly. HMRC must ensure it maintains sufficient accessibility in the system for people to raise concerns and have these dealt with in a timely manner.
What the government said
The government responded on 3 May 2024.
The government states that it "agrees" with each of the Committee's recommendations on HMRC's performance in 2022-23, marking some as implemented and others with target dates between summer 2024 and summer 2025.
- On customer service, it agrees that HMRC "should be sufficiently resourced", citing a £0.9 billion cash increase over the Parliament, and says helpline and webchat advisers "will always be there" for vulnerable, digitally excluded or complex-affairs taxpayers.
- On debt collection agencies, HMRC "will update GOV.UK" to give more clarity on how to complain about a DCA's handling of a case (target date September 2024), and "will write separately" to the Committee summarising the issues raised.
- On wrong-address registrations, HMRC "will provide the Committee with a written update" on tax risks from deliberate address hijacking "by summer 2024".
- On research and development reliefs, it says HMRC can look back "up to 20 years" where there is evidence of deliberate non-compliance, and that an R&D Disclosure Facility will go live on GOV.UK in spring 2024.
Read the government's response ↗ Read the report ↗ Report an error
How the inquiry ran
Each dot is a dated item listed on this page, from the inquiry's opening on 27 July 2023 to its close on 3 May 2024.
- Oral evidence 14 Dec 2023
- Report 28 Feb 2024
- Government response 3 May 2024
- Correspondence 22 Jan 2024
What it recommended 0 recommendations · 20 conclusions
2Establish clear, accessible route for taxpayers to report issues with HMRC debt collection agencies.
3Take serious action against companies registering with wrong addresses and report on protective plans.
4Provide data on criminal prosecution tax at stake and IR35 litigation; assess IR35 reforms' impact.
5Ensure rigorous review of previous years' R&D tax relief claims to tackle fraud and errors.
6Demonstrate that compliance yield targets are sufficiently ambitious and account for inflation.
1Committee reviews HMRC's 2022-23 performance based on Comptroller and Auditor General's report.
7Increased external agency use for debt recovery highlights serious issues with HMRC complaints procedures.
8HMRC's pursuit of small debts coexists with rising revenue losses from uncollectible liabilities.
9Taxpayer suffers extensive distress from thousands of letters due to incorrect company address registrations.
10HMRC's internal system failures perpetuate incorrect letter delivery to affected taxpayer despite interventions.
11Widespread bogus company registrations for fraud demand attention; new Companies House powers may improve protection.
12IR35 reforms have shifted employment status burden to employers, moving many to payroll.
13HMRC considers its IR35 litigation approach fair, with most pre-reform cases favouring HMRC.
14HMRC has significantly reduced criminal prosecutions, now favouring civil powers for deliberate tax errors.
15HMRC significantly underestimated R&D tax relief error and fraud, now estimated at £1.13 billion.
16HMRC introduced new measures and significantly increased compliance checks to combat R&D tax relief abuse.
17HMRC's volume compliance approach for R&D tax relief raises concerns about discouraging investment.
18The UK tax gap for 2021-22 remained at 4.8%, despite declining compliance revenue.
19HMRC estimates the tax gap using best practice, best viewed over several years.
20HMRC missed its 2022-23 compliance yield target and expects to miss future targets.
Evidence
Oral evidence sessions 1
- 14 Dec 2023HMRC Standard Report 2022-233 witnesses, listed belowparliament.uk ↗
Who gave evidence 3 witnesses
- Angela MacDonaldDeputy Chief Executive and Second Permanent Secretary, HMRC
- Jim HarraPermanent Secretary and Chief Executive, HMRC
- Justin HollidayChief Finance Officer, HMRC