Select committee: International Development Committee

The FCDO's approach to displaced people

Closed Opened 9 Dec 2024 Closed 17 Sep 2025 11 recommendations 12 conclusions
Inquiry scope (the committee's words)
2024 saw a continuing rise in global displacement, with at least 117.3 million people forced to flee their homes, including nearly 43.4 million refugees, around 40% of whom are under the age of 18. These vast movements of peoples, and the associated costs and disruptions, can cause significant problems in host countries. Building on the work on long-term refugees by the previous Committee, the Committee looked at the effectiveness of Official Development Assistance spending on a range of activities aimed at supporting displaced people across the globe. A major topic of the inquiry was the FCDO’s consideration of civilians at the beginning of conflicts, and whether the appropriate support and assistance are offered. Furthermore, the Committee investigated the effectiveness of ODA spending on support for people displaced by climate disasters. The Conflict, Security and Stability Fund, now replaced by the Integrated Security Fund, was intended to consider these issues, but questions remained about its effectiveness. Integral to the Committee’s inquiry was the consideration of the drivers that force people to flee and what forms of early intervention work to prevent displacement. Once people become displaced, the Committee examined what happens to them as they leave home and how their return home is facilitated. Across all of this, the Committee considered whether what the UK Government is currently doing to keep displaced people safe is working. The Committee was interested in the value for money of ODA spent on housing displaced people within the UK. Finally, the Committee evaluated Government progress against the recommendations made by the Committee in its May 2023 Report, “UK aid for refugee host countries”, including on Government support for host countries of long-term refugees, such as Jordan. Join the conversation on X using @CommonsIDC

Where it stands

The inquiry is closed, opened 9 December 2024.

The committee has published 1 report, most recently 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People on 17 September 2025.

The government's response

Published 4 December 2025. The deadline was 17 November 2025.

Summary written by Accountability Index from the government's response. It is not the government's own words.

The government agrees with some recommendations, including a literature review on displacement drivers and solutions, disagrees with others such as appointing a Special Envoy for Displacement, and states it intends to return to 0.7% of GNI on ODA "when fiscal circumstances allow".

  • On the recommended holistic review of displacement, the government answers "Agree" but commits only to commission "a literature review of the current evidence", covering drivers and solutions, which it "will share with the Committee".
  • It disagrees with appointing a Special Envoy for Displacement, saying it has "no current plans" to do so and that a dedicated Forced Displacement Team coordinates its approach.
  • On funding, it does not accept that changes in Sudan peacebuilding funding contributed to escalation, and disagrees with reconsidering or ringfencing women and girls programming, citing the published Equalities Impact Assessment.
  • It plans to publish indicative ODA allocations for the next three years "in the coming months", and says it "will explore" whether data disaggregated by displacement status can be recorded in a future programme management system.

Read the government's response ↗ Report an error

Recommendations and conclusions 23 shown

1: UK ODA cuts indicate stepping back from addressing global displacement crisis.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
There is a global displacement crisis. The UK cannot solve it alone, and nor should it be expected to. However, significant cuts to UK ODA and development programming indicate a United Kingdom that is stepping back from the world stage at a time when engagement and collaboration are most needed. (Conclusion, Paragraph 15) FCDO strategy

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3: Department failed to learn from cuts to peacebuilding programming, risking escalating conflict.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
The Department has failed to learn the lessons from previous cuts to stabilisation, peacebuilding and deconfliction programming, which likely contributed to the escalation of conflict in Sudan going unchallenged. We are concerned that the recent cuts to the Integrated Security Fund will lead to escalating conflict, with unpredictable ramifications for the UK both at home and abroad. (Conclusion, Paragraph 40)

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5: Set out measures to increase data for climate adaptation and displacement prevention planning.

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
In its response to this report, the FCDO should set out the measures it is taking to increase the data available to policy teams when planning medium to long-term climate adaptation investments; and whether prevention of climate-induced displacement is one of the criteria that these teams must remain cognisant of. (Recommendation, Paragraph 49)

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6: Government strategy for influencing multilateral institutions is a welcome engagement effort.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
The Government appears to have devised a strategy for influencing multilateral institutions, most notably the World Bank. This is a welcome effort to reinvigorate UK engagement at the multilateral level, given the significant cuts to other parts of the UK ODA budget. (Conclusion, Paragraph 56) 34

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7: Formulate independent strategy for preventing and reducing displacement, not outsourcing to multilaterals.

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
Engagement with the World Bank’s fragility, conflict and violence strategy update is positive, but the Government should not assume that it can outsource to multilateral institutions the need to also formulate strategy on preventing and reducing displacement. (Conclusion, Paragraph 57)

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8: Department lacks holistic view and overarching strategy for displacement solutions and prevention.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
The Department lacks a holistic view of the drivers of and solutions to displacement, and therefore lacks an overarching strategy to establish solutions and prevention mechanisms. This means that UK impact in this area is constrained, reducing value for money of relevant spending and resulting in a wasted opportunity to assist displaced people. (Conclusion, Paragraph 58)

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9: Commission a holistic review of displacement drivers and solutions, reporting findings within one year.

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
The FCDO should commission a holistic review of the drivers of and solutions to displacement, reporting its findings to the Committee within one year of the publication of this report. (Recommendation, Paragraph 59)

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10: Appoint a new Special Envoy for Displacement to oversee policy teams and facilitate coordination.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
The Department should appoint a new Special Envoy for Displacement who can oversee the discrete policy teams that work on mitigating the drivers of displacement, facilitating policy co-ordination between teams and ensuring consistency of outputs. (Recommendation, Paragraph 60) Displaced women and girls

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11: Funding cuts to gender-specific programming devastate women and girls, denying vital support.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
Funding cuts to gender-specific programming will be devastating for women and girls, starving them of vital support and services. The Government has not learned lessons from the previous Government about the severe impacts of funding cuts to programming for women and girls. (Conclusion, Paragraph 77)

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12: Government lacks infrastructure for effective gender mainstreaming, reducing UK programming impact.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
The policy of gender mainstreaming refers to a strategic approach to achieving gender equality through integrating women’s experiences and concerns in the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes. However, while gender mainstreaming is part of the correct goal, the Government does not have the appropriate infrastructure in place to make it work. This gender mainstreaming will therefore reduce the impact of UK programming, as the problems faced by women and girls require gender-specific interventions. It is uncertain whether the Government will be able to mitigate the impacts of aid cuts to women and girls as it intends. (Conclusion, Paragraph 78)

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13: Publish impact assessments for gender-specific programming cuts, no later than report response.

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
It is astonishing that the Government has made cuts to gender-specific programming without seemingly understanding the impacts on women and girls. The Government must publish impact assessments, as promised by the Minister, as soon as possible and no later than the response to this report. (Recommendation, Paragraph 79) 35

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14: Reconsider cuts to women and girls-specific programming and consider ringfencing funding.

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
In the light of these impact assessments, the Government must reconsider the cuts to women and girls-specific programming announced by the Minister and should consider ringfencing funding for this programming. (Recommendation, Paragraph 80)

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15: Develop a robust strategy and data-led methodology for gender mainstreaming and integration.

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
The Government must develop a robust strategy and a consistent, data-led methodology for mainstreaming and integration, to ensure that its efforts to mainstream and integrate gender take place in tandem with stand-alone programming (Recommendation, Paragraph 81) Working with the private sector

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16: British International Investment demonstrates strong track record investing in fragile states, mitigating displacement drivers.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
The private sector can play a pivotal role in stimulating the economies of fragile and conflict-affected states. British International Investment has a strong track record of investing in difficult environments, particularly within fragile and conflict-affected states, helping to mitigate the drivers of displacement. (Conclusion, Paragraph 87)

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17: Work with British International Investment to target investment at mitigating displacement drivers.

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
The FCDO should work alongside British International Investment ahead of its 2026 strategy refresh, including on how BII can place more emphasis on, and better target investment at, mitigating the drivers of displacement across fragile and conflict-affected states. (Recommendation, Paragraph 88) Localisation

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18: Insufficient progress meeting localisation commitments in humanitarian programming.

Conclusion · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Concluded (the committee's words)
Despite long-standing commitments, the Government is not making sufficient progress in meeting its commitments to localisation in humanitarian programming. The steps taken by the UNHCR on improving localisation in its partnerships should serve as a blueprint for how the Government can make progress in this regard. (Conclusion, Paragraph 96)

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19: Explain reasoning for not signing Global Compact on Refugees multi-stakeholder pledge

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
In response to this report, the Government must explain its reasoning for not signing up to the Global Compact on Refugees’ multi-stakeholder pledge on advancing localisation in displacement and statelessness responses. (Recommendation, Paragraph 97)

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20: Set out plan to rapidly increase engagement with local actors in humanitarian settings

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
In response to this report, the Department must set out how it will make rapid progress in meeting commitments made, principally via the Grand Bargain and Global Compact on Refugees, to increase its engagement with and utilisation of local and national actors in humanitarian and development settings. (Recommendation, Paragraph 98) 36 FCDO’s use of data on displacement

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22: Start systematically tracking and publishing official data on spending for refugees overseas

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
To help determine a baseline and future targets, the FCDO should start systematically tracking and publishing official data on how much it spends on supporting refugees and internally displaced people overseas. (Recommendation, Paragraph 103)

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23: Ensure UK and partners disaggregate programme data by age, gender, ability, and displacement status

Recommendation · 6th report - The FCDO's Approach to Displaced People · Addressed to Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office

Recommended (the committee's words)
The FCDO should ensure that the UK and partners disaggregate monitoring and programme data by age, gender, ability and displacement status at a minimum; do so systematically; and make this data available publicly. (Recommendation, Paragraph 104) 37

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Reports

1 report

Oral evidence sessions

4 sessions

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Date Session and witnesses Source
3 Jun 2025
FCDO’s approach to displaced people; FCDO's Approach to Value for Money
Matthew Wyatt · Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, Melinda Bohannon · Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, The Rt Hon. the Baroness Chapman of Darlington · Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office
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29 Apr 2025
The FCDO's approach to displaced people
Achim Steiner · United Nations Development Programme, Arafat Jamal · UNHCR, Colin Buckley · British International Investment, Mónica Ferro · UNFPA
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1 Apr 2025
The FCDO’s approach to displaced people
Bethan Lewis · Plan International UK, Daphne Jayasinghe · International Rescue Committee, Dr Jessica Hagen-Zanker · ODI Global, Gideon Rabinowitz · Bond, Hélène Kuperman-Le-Bihan · Mines Advisory Group, Louis Hoffmann · International Organization for Migration
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4 Mar 2025
The FCDO's approach to displaced people
Belinda, Fatimah, Katy Nembe Katonda · CAFOD, Tinebeb Berhane · ActionAid Ethiopia, Zohal
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Who gave evidence

18 witnesses

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WitnessOrganisationSessions
Achim Steiner · Administrator United Nations Development Programme 1
Arafat Jamal · Afghanistan Country Representative UNHCR 1
Belinda Not recorded 1
Bethan Lewis · Head of humanitarian unit Plan International UK 1
Colin Buckley · Managing Director and General Counsel British International Investment 1
Daphne Jayasinghe · Director of Policy – Global Protracted Displacement Team International Rescue Committee 1
Dr Jessica Hagen-Zanker · Head of the migration and displacement hub ODI Global 1
Fatimah Not recorded 1
Gideon Rabinowitz · Director of Policy and Advocacy Bond 1
Hélène Kuperman-Le-Bihan · Head of MAG Europe Mines Advisory Group 1
Katy Nembe Katonda · Deputy Country Representative DRC CAFOD 1
Louis Hoffmann · Senior Coordinator for Peace, Recovery and Solutions International Organization for Migration 1
Matthew Wyatt · Director for Humanitarian, Food Security and Resilience Directorate Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office 1
Melinda Bohannon · Director General, Global Issues Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office 1
Mónica Ferro · Director of London Representation Office UNFPA 1
The Rt Hon. the Baroness Chapman of Darlington · Minister of State for International Development and Africa Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office 1
Tinebeb Berhane · Country Director ActionAid Ethiopia 1
Zohal Not recorded 1